• 대한예방한의학회지
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• 제3권2호
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• pp.25-53
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• 1999

This study was conducted to provide basic data for policy of Oriental medicine by analyzing community residents' consciousness of taking herb medicine and its related factors. Data were collected from 1478 residents from March 2, 1999 to May 31, 1999. The results of this study are summarized as follows. 1. According to general characteristics of the subjects, 52.3% of the subjects was 'female'; 25.0% 'fifties of age'; 21.4% 'forties of age'; 20.9% 'thirties of ages'; 69.1% 'married'; 60.1% 'resident in a big city'; 12.1% 'residents in a small town or village'; 39.0% 'highschool graduate'; 35.9% 'above college graduate'; 23.4% 'housewife'; 23.4% 'professional' 34.1% 'Buddhist'; 81.1% 'middle class'. 2. The rate of experience of taking herb medicine was 85.2%(88.2% of 'male'; 82.5% of 'female'). It appeared to be significantly higher in the groups of 'the married', 'housewife', and 'Buddhist'. As the age increased, so the rate of experience of taking herb medicine was significantly high. 3. In case of purpose of taking herb medicine, taking herb medicine as a restorative(66.8%) was much higher than taking it as a curative medicine. Taking herb medicine as a curative medicine appeared to be significantly higher in the groups of 'male', 'thirties of age', 'resident in a town or village', 'above college graduate', 'professional technician', 'Christian', and 'the upper class'. 4. 52.1% of the respondents satisfied with the effect of herb medicine. The groups of 'male', 'older age', 'residents in a big city', 'insurant in company', and 'the employed' showed significantly high rate in satisfying with herb medicine than the other groups. 5. According to the reason for preferring herb medicine, 36.7% of the respondents preferred herb medicine because the herb medicine was effective, while 27.8% preferred it because its side effect was low. 16.7% preferred it. because persons around them recommended it. The preference for the herb medicine displayed significantly higher rate in the groups 'sixties of age', 'the unmarried', 'resident in a big city', 'office clerk', and 'the lower class'. 6. 42.6% of the respondents did not want to take the herb medicine because the price of the herb medicine was high. Also 20.6% of the respondents did not want to take herb medicine because it is uneasy to take herb medicine. 15.8% did not want to take it because certain foods should not be taken during the period of taking it. 9.4% did not want to take it because it tasted bitter. 7. In case of opinions on side effects of herb medicine, 40.8% of the respondents thinks that herb medicine is free from side effects, while 37.5% thinks that it causes side effects. There were significant difference in the opinions on side effects by sex, age, marital status, resident area, education level, occupation, and type of health insurance. 8. 60.7% of the respondents thinks the price of herb medicine is not resonable, while only 10.9% thinks it is resonable. 9. 14.2% of the respondents thinks health foods which contain herbs are good, while 16.8% thinks it is bad. 76.7% thinks that medicinal herbs in packages must be included in health insurance coverage, while only 3.0% thinks it needs not be included in health insurance coverage. 10. 45.2% of the respondents uses packs of decocted herbs although they think the packs of decocted herb are a little low effective because decocting herbs in home is bothersome. 45.2% uses packs of decocted herbs because they are convenient, being not related to the effect. 7.6% takes medicinal herbs after decocting them in a clay pot because they think the packs of decocted herbs have low effect. 11. According to the level of satisfaction with Oriental medical care, the respondents marked $3.47{\pm}0.64$ points on the base of 5 points. It was significantly higher in the groups of 'male', 'the married, resident in a big city', 'highschool graduate', 'the unemployed', 'office clerk', 'growing up in a big city', 'insurant in region', and 'the middle class'. 12. According to the result of a regression analysis of factors influencing preference for herb medicine, the factors displayed significant difference by sex, age, education level, health status, and times of receiving Oriental medical care. As shown in the above results, the community residents satisfy with the effect of herb medicine. Therefore, the method of taking herb medicine without difficulty must be devised. The medicinal herbs in packages need to be included in health insurance coverage and resonable price of herb medicine must be set. Also, education program for community residents must be developed in order to provide right information in herb medicine. Therefore, related public authority, associations, and professionals must make efforts, forming organic cooperative system.

• 한국의류학회지
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• 제30권12호
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• pp.1747-1758
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• 2006

정보기술의 급격한 발전은 새로운 시장환경인 인터넷 쇼핑몰의 증가에 영향을 미쳤다. 인터넷 쇼핑몰은 소비자 관여와 같은 소비자 행동을 변화시켰고, 이에 따라 마케터들은 인터넷 상에서 소비자들이 의류제품을 구매할 때 중요시하는 제품 평가기준 및 점포 평가기준에 관심을 가지게 되었다. 따라서 본 연구는 인터넷 쇼핑몰 이용자의 소비자관여와 인터넷 사용능력에 따라 소비자 집단을 분류하여 인터넷 상에서 각 소비자 집단에 따른 의류제품 및 웹 서비스 평가기준의 차이를 알아보았다. 본 연구의 연구대상은 인터넷 쇼핑몰에서 의류제품 구매경험이 있으며, 수도권에 거주하는 $20\sim30$대 성인남녀로 판단표본 추출하였다. 설문지 방식을 사용해 자료를 수집, 총 305부를 분석에 사용하였으며, 소비자관여와 의류제품 평가기준 및 웹 서비스 평가기준을 측정하기 위한 변수들은 기존 선행연구들에서 조사한 후 본 연구에 맞도록 재구성하였다. 자료의 분석은 요인분석, 일원분산분석, Duncan test를 실시하였다. 인터넷 쇼핑몰 이용자의 소비자집단 유형은 소비자관여와 인터넷 사용능력을 기준으로 네 집단으로 분류하였으며, 쇼핑몰 이용자의 소비자집단에 따른 의류제품 평가기준의 차이를 알아본 결과, 심미적, 품질성능적, 그리고 외재적 기준 모두에서 집단간 유의미한 차이가 나타났다. 또한 인터넷 쇼핑몰 소비자집단 유형에 따른 웹 서비스 평가기준의 차이는 신뢰성, 제품관련, 거래 후 만족, 그리고 판촉/정책 기준에서 집단간 유의미한 차이가 나타났다. 의류제품 및 웹 서비스 평가기준 모두에서 고관여고능력 집단과 고관여저능력 집단은 동질집단으로서 다른 집단에 비해 두 평가기준 모두를 중요시하는 것으로 나타났다. 즉 고관여 소비자들은 인터넷 쇼핑 시 발생할 수 있는 여러 가지 위험요소들에 대해 크게 지각하고 있어 평가기준 모두를 중요시하므로, 인터넷 쇼핑몰은 고관여 소비자집단을 만족시킬 수 있는 의류제품을 구비하도록 해야 하며, 그들이 느끼는 위험요소를 찾아 없애는데 주력하여야 할 것이다. 또한 신속 정확한 약속의 이행 등을 통해 쇼핑몰 업체의 이미지를 향상시켜야 할 것이고 거래 후에도 제품의 교환이나 반품 및 환불에 대해서도 끝까지 책임을 짐으로써 고객에게 만족을 주어야 한다.

• 정신신체의학
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• 제26권1호
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• pp.19-25
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• 2018

연구목적 소방공무원은 업무의 특수성으로 인해 충격적인 사건에의 잦은 노출, 업무 시 높은 긴장감, 교대근무 등을 경험하게 되며, 불면을 호소하는 비율도 일반 인구에 비해 높은 편이다. 소방공무원의 수면의 질은 개인적인 삶의 만족도에 영향을 줄 뿐만 아니라, 국민의 안전을 위한 업무수행에도 영향을 미칠 수 있다. 소방공무원의 수면의 질 개선을 위해, 수면에 영향을 미치는 요소를 알아보고자 하였다. 방 법 서울 및 경기 지역 3개 소방서에 120부의 설문조사지를 인편으로 전달 후, 서면 동의를 받고 설문을 시행했으며, 93부의 설문지를 수거하였다. 소방공무원을 대상으로 알코올 사용, 흡연 여부, 교대근무, 사회경제적 상태, 정신과적 치료 과거력 등을 조사했으며 수면의 질, 우울감, 불안감, 충격적인 외상의 경험 및 직무 관련 스트레스에 대해 자가보고식 설문을 시행하였다. 수면의 질에 따라 소방공무원을 두 그룹으로 나누어서 조사된 각 변수들을 비교하고, 그 결과에 따라 로지스틱 회귀분석을 실시하였다. 결 과 수면의 질이 불량한 군에서 현재 알코올 사용, 우울감, 불안감 및 충격적인 사건의 경험이 유의하게 높게 나타났으며, 다변량분석을 통해 현재 알코올 사용이 수면에 유의한 영향을 주는 요소로 나타났다(Crude odds ratio=3.707, 95% confidence interval=1.288-10.672, p=0.015 ; Adjusted odds ratio=3.288, 95% confidence interval=1.011-10.694, p=0.048). 결 론 알코올 사용, 우울감, 불안감, 충격적인 사건의 경험이 수면의 질에 각각 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났으며, 개별적 연관이 있는 요인들을 함께 고려했을 때 현재 알코올 사용 여부가 수면에 질에 유의한 영향을 주는 것으로 나타났다. 소방공무원의 수면의 질 개선을 위해서는, 알코올 사용에 대한 평가, 알코올 사용으로 인한 수면의 질 저하에 대한 교육, 알코올 사용을 줄이기 위한 구체적인 방안들을 마련하는 것이 필요할 것으로 보인다.

• 만화애니메이션 연구
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• 통권51호
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• pp.361-390
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• 2018

카카오톡 이모티콘 이용자들은 가상공간에서 자신의 감정표현 커뮤니케이션 수단으로 카카오톡(Kakao Talk) 이모티콘을 이용하고 있다. 이모티콘에 담겨진 디자인적인 요소(보조, 색채, 형태, 모션)들과 스토리텔링적인 요소를 이용하여 자신의 감정상태를 표현하고 있다. 본 연구의 목적은 카카오톡 이모티콘이 지니고 있는 스토리텔링 및 디자인적인 요소들을 중심으로 어떠한 요인들로 카카오톡 이모티콘을 감정 표현 수단으로 선호하는지에 대해서 연구하고자 한다. 이모티콘의 스토리텔링적인 측면에서는 악어, 복숭아, 개, 오리, 사자, 두더지, 토끼들로 평범한 과일과 동물들로 구성하였다. 대부분의 이모티콘들은 각자 개성있는 성격의 소유자로 스토리가 구성되었으며 하나씩 콤플렉스를 가지고 있는 스토리를 지니고 있어 이용자들이 친근하게 다가가고 사용할 수 있는 요인이 되었다. 디자인적인 측면에서는 다양한 보조요소(불꽃, 땀, 눈물, 콧물, 성난 눈 등)를 사용하여 화남, 간절함, 초조함, 애원, 기쁨, 슬픔 등을 표현하였다. 색채요소는 희, 노, 애, 락의 감정에 관계없이 이모티콘 캐릭터가 지니고 있는 고유의 색채(초록, 빨강, 노랑, 분홍, 하양, 검정, 밤색 등)로 대부분의 난색 계열로 구성되었다. 형태 요소는 기쁨, 슬픔 등의 요소를 표현하는 경우 둥근형의 형태로 구성되었다. 반면에 FRODO, NEO가 슬픔과 분노를 표현하는 경우에는 사각형의 형태를 나타내고 있다. 모션요소로는 APPEACH, NEO, TUBE, JAY-G의 슬픔, 분노, 애원의 감정 표현에는 수평/수직/사선으로 표현하고 APEACH, TUBE, MUZI & CON등의 기쁨, 슬픔의 감정 표현은 수평/수직/사선과 방사/앞뒤/회전의 역동적인 느낌을 나타내고 있다. TUBE, FRODO의 분노는 수평/수직/사선과 방사 모션을 나타낸다. 본 연구결과 스토리텔링 측면에서는 감정을 차별화할 수 있는 스토리를 각 이모티콘 캐릭터에 맞게 구성하였다. 디자인적인 측면에서는 보조요소 불꽃, 땀, 눈물과 같은 감정의 대표적인 요소를 이미지로 표현하였다. 색채 요소는 감정의 차이와는 관계없이 난색 계열의 캐릭터 고유색을 사용하였다. 형태 요소는 각 감정 표현을 위해 다양한 움직임을 표현하였다. 이러한 연구결과들이 커뮤니케이션 측면, 감성디자인 측면, 산업적인 측면의 발전에 도움이 될 것이다. 위와 같은 논문의 의의에도 불구하고 스토리텔링의 분석틀과 보조요소에 대한 기호학적인 분석이 이루어지지 못한 것을 연구의 한계점으로 두고자 한다.

• 마케팅과학연구
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• 제19권2호
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• pp.53-67
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• 2009

For the last decades, service quality has been studied as one of the most important tools for a service company to compete with the other companies. Based on these past researches, it has been agreed that the service quality is a basic and powerful tool to create the competitive advantage. Due to similar reason, many service marketing practitioners have been also focused on the service quality to retain the existing consumers and collect the new consumers. However, service quality is subjectively perceived by individual consumers. Consumer evaluation of service quality can be different from each other. Especially consumers with one life-style may evaluate the service quality differently from the consumers with the other life-styles. Therefore we need to know whether there are differences in service quality perception on the categories of life-style. Life-style refers to a distinctive mode of living in its aggregate and broadest sense. It embodies the patterns that were developed and emerged from the dynamics of living in a society. Since the concept of life-style and its relationship to marketing was introduced in 1963 by William Lazer, methods of measuring the life-style and their application have been developed. Life-style has been usually used to segment the marketplace because it offers marketers a unique and important view of the market. When Life-style is combined with clustering methods, life-style segmentation can generate identifiable whole persons rather than isolated fragment. Life-style segmentation begins with people instead of products and classifies them into different life-style types, each characterized by a unique style of living based on a wide range of activities, interests, and opinions(Plummer, 1974). In this study we applies the life-style segmentation based on the AIO(Activities, Interests, and Opinions) to the consumers of the large discount stores. In Korea, the large discount store market has entered into maturity stage so that the market differentiation strategy is becoming a more critical issue to the marketing practitioners. One of the most important tools to differentiate from the competitors in large discount store market is continuously to provide service of better quality than competitors. This study tries to find answers about the following questions: 1) How can we categorize the consumer life-styles in the large discount store? 2) What are the characteristics of the categorized groups? 3) Are there any differences in service quality perception among the consumers with different life-styles 4) Are there any differences in consumer behavior among them in the large discount store? For the purpose, we collected survey data from consumers and analyzed the data with the SPSS package where we had $X^2$-test, factor analysis, ANOVA, MANOVA, and cluster analysis. The survey was made during one month in the April of 2008. Among the collected 306 copies of questionnaires, 281 copies were chosen as the effective samples for empirical analysis except 25 copies with wrong responses. To identify the life-style patterns, we used the measures employed by Kim and Kwon(1999), where 44 items on a seven-point scale were used to measure factors of the life-style patterns. The Principal Component Method was used for factor extraction, and the VARIMAX orthogonal factor rotation was employed. The 7 items showing low factor loading were eliminated. The results of the factor analysis suggested that nine factors of the life-style patterns were identified as follows: 1) the equality-of-sexes and pursuit-of-independence tendency 2) self-management tendency 3) sociable tendency 4) self-display tendency 5) degree of a dilettante life 6) pursuit-of-information tendency 7) bargain hunter tendency 8) TV preference tendency 9) pursuit-of-leisure tendency. Next, after the K-means cluster analysis was performed with nine factors of the life-style patterns, the life-styles of the respondents were classified into four groups which are named as the 'progressive practicality-oriented group', 'positive success-oriented group', 'sociable ostentation-oriented group', 'stable conservation-oriented group'. The analysis results for usage behavior between the market segments showed statistically significant differences in the frequency of usage, duration time in the store, consumer satisfaction, and loyalty. Also, we tried to investigate whether the large discount store consumers differently perceive the quality of service based upon the types of life-style. To measure the service quality of large discount store, we adapted several measurement models measuring the service quality such as SERVPERF, BCP, R-SERVPERF, R-BCP. MANOVA and One-Way ANOVA were performed to confirm the difference in service quality perception based on the market segments. The results have also shown significant differences between life-style types in service quality perception. These findings show that the large discount store marketers should consider consumer life-style as one of the most important market segments for marketing and understand the difference in service quality perception between life-style types. Our findings give important implications to marketers of large discount stores as well as life-style researchers. First, this study showed there were significant differences in consumer's service quality perception and usage behavior between the types of life-style. It provides evidence that the life-style approach can be a important basis in segmenting the large discount store market and will make consumers perceive the service quality high. Second, most previous researches on service quality have been in aggregate level. However, our results imply that the future research on service quality have to focus on segment level.

• 지능정보연구
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• 제24권2호
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• pp.37-57
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• 2018

최근 스마트폰의 확산에 힘입어 유용한 광고 매체로서 모바일 미디어에 대한 관심이 증가되고 있다. 모바일 미디어는 소비자들에게 언제, 어디서나 원하는 정보를 제공할 수 있을 뿐만 아니라 실시간으로 상호작용이 가능하다는 점에서 기존 광고매체들과는 차별화된 장점을 가진 것으로 평가 받고 있다. 그 동안 모바일 광고 연구들은 모바일 광고에 대한 만족도, 수용도 등을 서베이를 토대로 분석한 연구와 모바일 광고 메시지 수신에 영향을 미치는 요인을 중점적으로 탐구한 연구, 실험연구를 통해서 모바일 광고가 브랜드 회상, 광고태도, 브랜드 태도 등에 미치는 영향을 검증하는 연구들이 많이 진행되었다. 그러나 실증데이터를 통한 연구는 거의 진행되지 않았다. 본 연구에서는 상용서비스 중인 모바일 광고플랫폼을 기반으로 광고효과를 알아보기 위하여 광고주, 광고플랫폼, 퍼블리셔 관점에서 광고특성, 매체특성을 정의하고 각 특성이 광고효과에 미치는 영향을 분석하였다. 각 특성에 대한 회귀분석 결과 모바일 광고의 광고특성인 광고규격과 쾌락적, 실용적으로 구별한 매체 특성이 광고효과에 유의미한 결과를 나타냈으며, 서로간의 상호작용 효과도 확인하였다. 연구결과를 통하여 모바일 광고 업무 시 광고상품에 맞는 광고소재 제작 및 매체계획 등 광고효과에 최적화된 광고전략 수립에 기여할 것으로 보인다.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• 제18권1호
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• pp.73-82
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• 1985

This study was conducted to evaluate nutritional status with the analysis of the factors which might influence on the prevalent condition of nutrients-intake. 373 persons who are above 60 years old in Chung-Gu, Seoul were surveyed from March 15 to March 30 in 1985. Results were as follows ; 1. General Characteristics 1) Male respondents among the entire respondents comprised 54.3% and female respondents comprised 45.7%. As for age, male and female respondents comprised 55.0% and 37.2% respectively. 2) As for the educational level of the respondents, illiteracy was 49.9% which was the highest. and those who graduated elementary school was 28.1% which was the second highest. And as for the comparison of the education of the male and female respondents, the educational level of male respondents was much higher than that of female respondents. 3) As for the final occupation of the respondents, those who were engaged in commerce comprised 30.8% which was the highest rate, and who were engaged in agriculture comprised 20.1% which was the second highest rate. And those who were engaged in labor comprised 12.3%. 2. The State of Nutrients-intake The energy of the male respondents was 61.4% of RDA and the protein was nothing but 66.8% of RDA. Except vitamin A, vitamin $B_1$ and niacin, calcium, iron, vitamin $B_2$, vitamin C were lower than RDA (the range: $67.5%{\sim}97.3%$). The energy of the female respondents was 70.0% of RDA and the protein was 58.8% which were lower than RDA. Except vitamin A and vitamin $B_1$, calcium, iron, vitamin $B_2$ vitamin C, niacin were lower than RDA (the range: $68.2%{\sim}98.9%$). 3. The various factors related to nutrients-intake 1) The composition of family and the food environment those who were living with their spouses comprised 44.8% which was the highest rate, and those who were living with their son's family comprised 33.5% which was the second highest rate and those who were living with their doughter's family comprised only 4.6%. Those who were living alone comprised 16.4%. The correlation with nutrient intake didn't show a clear relation. 2) Socio-economic state Those who said that they lacked in living expense comprised 32.7% and those who said that they lacked in pocket-money comprised 23.9%, The female respondents outnumbered the male respondents in lacking living expense or pocket-money. In the correlation with socio-economic, there was no striking relation with education level. However, it was shown that little relation in energy, fat in male and also fat and iron in female. The living expense and the satisfaction in pocket-money had also little relation with energy fat and vitamin C in male. 3) Nutrition knowledge and food habit (a) The state of nutrition knowledge and food habit In nutrition knowledge, those who scored less than 60 points were 32.9%, and those who scored more than 90 points were 21.0%. In food habit, those who scored less than 60 points were 26.5% and those who scored more than 80 points were 45%. (b) The corelation with nutrition knowledge and food habit In case of female respondents, nutrition knowledge had a little relation with the intake of cabohydrate, iron, and vitamin C. And we couldn't see a distinct phenomenon in food habit.

• 한국병원경영학회지
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• 제12권1호
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• pp.1-30
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• 2007

The study carried out a survey with employees of hospitals located in Daejeon, Chungnam, and Chungbuk from Sep. 12 to Sep. 30, 2005 in order to derive primary elements that affect the improvement of hospital's competitiveness. The study investigated and analyzed the employees' recognition on the change of competitive environment caused by the change of medical environment. The study also analyzed the elements that affect the hospital's competitiveness and the competitive strategies of the hospitals. The conclusion of this study can be summarized as follows. 1. Summary 1) Most of the employees responded that there is a rival in the competitive environment and the competitive is intense. Especially when the employees are married, live in urban areas, have an education level of university graduate or are managers, they tend to think the competitive is very intense. Also, they said that the competitive is based upon the quality of medical service. They mentioned the element that has the biggest effect on the competitiveness is the element of medical consumer and they recognized that the medical services in university and general hospitals have more competitiveness than the one-department hospitals. 2) It was investigated that the medical technique service has the most effect on the hospital's competitiveness. Also, the external service of medical techniques also has a large effect on the hospital's competitiveness. 3) When they were asked for the factors that affect the patients' decision on selecting a hospital, most of them responded "capability and technique of the medical staffs." Also, they said that "sufficient explanation from doctors" and "special center and clinic" are the factors that have big effects on the patients' decision. 4) In the SWOT analysis, most of them responded that the strength is the hospital's characteristics and the weakness is insufficient and obsolete equipment. They said the opportunity is the demands for professional medical service and the risk is the intense competitive among the hospitals. 5) In the SWOT strategy, they emphasized the strategy that uses the opportunity and the strength and the strategy that uses the opportunity while overcoming the weakness. 6) As for the basic competition strategy, most of them thought of the strategy of professionalizing the medical service most importantly. Next, they focused on the strategy of distinct service and the strategy of lower prime cost. 2. Conclusion 1) Because service competition between hospitals is happening seriously, need competitiveness security through right awareness transfer and satisfaction upgrade about medical consumer. 2) For medical technique service upgrade that equip Hospital's competitiveness but affects most, must solidify the countermeasure because professionalizing the medical service and newest medical technique induction should be achieved first, and compose task force for the external service of medical techniques improvement. 3) To improve SWOT of hospital, opportunity and the strength strategy choice that rescue hospital's characteristics heightening professionalizing the medical service level is fancied. 4) As for the basic competition strategy, will have to try in phase triangular position of hospital which is trusted medical level upgrade and excellent manpower security and finance independence through upgrade. The study was only done with hospitals in Daejeon, Chungnam and Chungbuk. Also, it is a study from the side of suppliers of medical service so there are limitations. However, the significance of the study is to present the basic data for improvement of hospital's competitiveness by examining the importance of medical techniques and external service of medical techniques that are the main effects on the improvement of hospital's competitiveness.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제42권4호
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• pp.633-643
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• 2013

본 연구는 전라남도지역 대학급식의 서비스 품질에 대한 인식 및 고객의 태도를 파악하고 대학급식의 운영전략을 제안하고자 수행하였다. 2011년 8월 30일에서 11월 30일 사이에 설문조사를 진행하였고, 총 600부의 설문지를 배포하여 총 580부가 회수되었으며, 부적절한 응답을 한 것을 제외하고 571부를 최종분석에 사용하였다. 대학급식 이용 실태조사 결과, 대학급식을 전혀 이용하지 않고 있는 비율이 21.9%로 조사되었고, 48.7%가 1주일에 1~2회 정도만 대학내에 급식을 이용하고 있는 것으로 나타났고, 1주일에 3~4회 이용은 20.4%로 나타나 대학급식의 이용횟수가 비교적 좋지 않은 것으로 나타났다. 서비스 품질에 대한 평균 수행도는 3.01점으로 중간 수준을 보였다. '편이성' 점수가 3.25점으로 '서비스 품질' 점수(2.93)와 '음식 품질' 점수(2.94)보다 높은 수행도 인식을 가지고 있는 것으로 조사되었다. 13개의 항목 중에서 '식당위치의 편리성(3.31)'이 가장 높은 수행점수로 나타났고, 그 다음으로 '신속한 배식(3.23)', '식사 가격(3.22)'으로 조사되었다. 반대로 '메뉴선택의 다양성(2.60)'은 가장 낮은 수행도로 조사되었다. 대학급식에서 우선적으로 개선해야할 품질속성을 제언하기 위하여 서비스품질 속성에 대한 인식도와 중요도를 기초로 IPA 수행한 결과, 대학급식에서 우선적으로 개선이 필요한 속성으로는 '음식의 맛', '메뉴선택의 다양성', '음식의 질(재료의 신선도)'로 분석되었다. 중요도 수행도 모두 높은 항목은 '위생 및 청결', '식사가격'으로 분석되었다. 이에 비해 중요도 수행도 모두 낮은 항목으로는 '편안하고 조용한 식사분위기', '쾌적한 환경', '고객 불만에 대한 신속한 처리'로 분석되었고, 중요도 대비 수행도가 높은 항목으로는 '식당위치의 편리성', '신속한 배식서비스', '음식의 양', '종업원의 서비스', '영양적으로 균형 있는 식사'로 조사되었다. 서비스 품질이 전반적인 만족도에 미치는 영향 분석결과, 대학급식의 전반적인 만족도에 영향을 미치는 회귀계수에는 '음식(p<0.001)'과 '편이성(p<0.05)'으로 분석되었고, 서비스 품질이 가치에 미치는 영향을 분석한 결과, 대학급식의 가치에 대한 인식에 영향을 미치는 독립변수는 '음식(p<0.001)'과 '서비스(p<0.05)'로 분석되어 가치에는 '음식'이 가장 큰 영향을 미치고 '서비스'가 그 다음 순으로 분석되었다. 서비스 품질이 재방문의도에 미치는 영향분석결과에서는 재방문의도에는 '음식'이 가장 큰 영향을 미치고 '서비스'가 그 다음 순으로 나타났다. 서비스 품질이 추천의도에 미치는 영향 분석결과에서는 '음식(p<0.001)'만 유의적인 정(+)의 영향을 미치는 것으로 분석되었다. 이상의 결과를 종합하여 볼 때 대학급식의 고객인 대학생들이 인식하는 대학급식은 대학 내에 편리한 장소에 위치하여 신속하게 양껏 먹을 수 있는 편이성과 종업원들에 대한 서비스는 상당히 만족하는 것으로 분석된 반면에 음식의 맛과 다양성, 그리고 음식의 질에 대해서는 상당히 불만족한 요인으로 분석되었다. 이에 대해 음식의 맛과 메뉴 선택의 다양성 개선을 위한 실질적인 운영전략을 세우고 노력해 나가야 할 것이다.

• 보건교육건강증진학회지
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• 제1권1호
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• pp.21-36
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• 1983

It is assumed that menarche is affected not only by the biological factors such as nutrition and genetic heritage, but also it is affected by other socio-cultural environmental factors including weather, geographic location, education and level of modernization. Also recent trend of menarche in Korea indicates that a lot of discussion are being generated to the need of sex education as a part of formal school education. The purpose of this study is to develop the school health education program by determine the age of menarche, the factors relavant to time of menarche and psycho-mental state of students at the time in menarche and investigate the present state of school health education relate to menarche of adolescents. The total number of 732 girls was drown from first, second and third grades of 4 middle schools in Seoul. For the data collection the survey was conducted during the period from May 1 to May 20, 1982 by using prepared questionair. The major results are summarized as follow; 1. Mean age at menarche and the percent distribution of menarche experienced. It was observed that about 68.7% of sampled students have been experienced menarche at the time interviewed. For the each group, age at menarche is revealed that among the students about 37.8% are experienced menarche for under 12 years old group, 62.1% for 13 year-old group, 80.6％ for 14 year-old group and 95.5% for over 15 years old. In sum it was found that the mean age at menarche was 12.3 years old, ranged from age at 10 as earlist the age at 15 as latest. 2. Variables associated with age at menarche. 1) There was tendency those student who belong to upper class economic status have had menarche earlier than those student who belong to lower class. Therefore, economic status is closely related to age at menarche. 2) In time of mother's education level, it is also found that those students whose mother's education levels from high school and college are experienced menarche earlier than those students whose mother's education levels from primary school and no-education. 3) However, in connection with home discipline, there was no significant relationship between age at menarche and home disciplines which are being treated "Rigid", "Moderated ", "Indifferent". 4) Degree of communication between parents and daughter about sex matters was found to be associated each others in determination of age at menarche. 5) It was found that high association between mother's menarche age and their daughter's menarche age was observed. Mother's age at menarche earlier trend to be shown also as earlier of their daughters. 6) Those students belong to "D & E" of physical substantiality index are trend to be earlier in menarche than those students in the index "A & B". 3. Psycho-mental state at the time of menarche. Out of the total students 68.2% had at least one or more than one of subjective symptoms. Shyness was shown as most higher prevalent symptom and others are fear, emotional instability, unpleasant feeling, depression, radical behavior, inferior complex and satisfaction appeared. Very few cases are appeared be guilty and stealing feeling. 4. The present status of school health education program related to menarche. As to the source of information about menarche, teacher was a main source with average index 5.88 and the other informants were mother & family member, friends, books and magagines, movies, television, and radio. For the problem solving at menarche, mother & family members were subject to discussion with an average index 6.02 as high. The others for discuss and knowledge about menarche were books, magagine, friends, teachers, and self-learning based on own experienced. The time of learning about menarche, it was learned as highest percentage with 43.2% at a 6 grades of primary school, middle school with 34.4%, 5 grade of primary school with 18.2%, and 4 grade of primary school with 4.0% respectively.