• 보건교육건강증진학회지
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.79-95
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• 1998

The purpose of this study was to investigate the sanitation affairs of general restaurants. The questionnaire survey on the attitude and knowledge toward sanitation, the attitude for sanitary administration and the sanitary education was conducted against new 600 restaurateurs who were educated from June 20 to July 11, 1996, at the administration hall's division of Kyungsangbook-do in charge of food industry that offered regular sanitary education to new restaurateurs annually. And the visit survey on sanitary practice was also conducted over 93 restaurateurs who obtained the commercial license for food service business. The findings from the survey were as follows; In regard to food sanitation, some 87.1 to 88.3% got the right knowledge about the reason and precaution of food poisoning, food's frozen or cold-storage, and the disposal of products after expiration of validity term. But it was about 20.8% to 50.0% who knew right about major precaution, storage temperature in refrigerator, fermented milk product's storage temperature and validity term. There was therefore a necessity for education in food sanitation. 38.2% of the subjects placed an emphasis on sanitary storage of foodstuffs as the most important thing in sanitary management. 33.8% emphasized cooking sanitation. The environmental sanitation was counted as the most important thing by 19.2%, and personal sanitation of worker was counted by 8.8%. There was differences in what they thought the most important thing was, according to the respondent's educational level and cooker. 86.6% replied it necessary to improve the sanitary level. The respondents who were younger or had better educational level emphasized more the need for it. Concerning health examination, 90.2% replied it necessary. 81.4% answered the reason was because there was a potentiality Quests might be infected with contagious disease. 78.5% pointed the need for sanitary education, but respondents with higher educational level less emphasized its needs. As the reason for poor sanitation, restaurateur's poor awareness about it was most frequently pointed out, by 46.9%. Cooking sanitation was most frequently counted, by 38.5%, as the first thing to be improved. As the most critical point in sanitary education, 34.5% indicated food's sanitary Quality control 30.9% mentioned sanitary treatment of kitchen facilities and peripheral environment, and 27.1% emphasized the summary of the general food sanitation. 77.7% answered to correct immediately in case of violating the Food Hygiene Law, and 12.0% replied to correct in the same case if they would get the order from public official or administrative action would be taken. Respondents with higher educational level answered more to correct immediately. What they wanted the government office to do toward sanitary improvement was a fund aid an facilities and management which was pointed out by 38.9%, a periodical sanitary education by 26.3% and a on-the-spot guidance of sanitary officials by 22.3%. In view of the food service business's sanitary practice, the rate of wearing a sanitary clothes was 32.9% in city and 35.0% in county. The rate of hand-washing without soap or non-washing at cooking was 73.9%, 85%, respectively. The rate of personnel sanitation was 34.2% in city and 50.0% in county. These things indicated the sanitation was not well practiced. To improve the poor sanitary conditions of the food service businesses, it is recommended to offer institutional backing and financial aid from administrative office, and encourage restaurateurs to take pride in their job. and conduct the sanitary education effectively by sanitary education institution.

• 대한영양사협회학술지
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.22-31
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• 2003

The purposes of this study were to compare performance of HACCP-based sanitary management and sanitation knowledge of employees in some food services (hospitals, elementary school, industry) in Inchon. Therefore, the survey questionnaire consisted of general background, sanitation performance, sanitation knowledge evaluation. The subjects were 370 employees in hospital, elementary school, industrial food service. The statistical analysis of data was completed using SPSS program. The results were summarized as follows: 99.3% of surveyed employees were female. 95.7% of employees were attended sanitation education and 76.8% of them were educated once a month. Employees in school food service showed higher academic career than the other food service employees. The food service employees' performance level was high(4.48). The performance level of school employees was significantly higher compared to other food services(p<0.001). Average score of sanitation knowledge was 16.36/20. The school food service employees' knowledge 17.03 was also higher compared to other food services. There was no significant correlation between sanitary performance and knowledge for total score. But among items of sanitary performance, a personal hygiene and food sanitary was significantly correlated with sanitation knowledge. The results of survey imply that the suitable contents and methods of education and training must be developed. Also, Financial supports to install necessary sanitary facilities are very important in order to raise effectiveness of education.

• 동아시아식생활학회지
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• 제19권2호
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• pp.301-309
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• 2009

This study investigated school food service employees' recognition of sanitation and sanitary education in the Kyunggi area of Korea. In terms of personal hygiene, over 90% of the food service employees acknowledged personal hygiene and regarded it as important. Inspection of personal hygiene before cooking occurred "everyday" (85.5%); however, 17.2% continued cooking after dissatisfactory personal hygiene was identified. The food service employees thought that contaminated food materials (35.3%) was the biggest cause of foodborne illness. Approximately 71.4% of the respondents answered that sanitation education and testing related to cooking were conducted "once every month". In addition, 56.4% answered that education on cooking sanitation was "lots of help" and 36.3% answered it was "very helpful". Upon examining the food service employees' awareness about cooking sanitation over 90% were aware of sanitary cooking methods, and 46.1% responded that their biggest difficulty in performing sanitary cooking procedures was excessive work duties due to a lack of food service employees.

• 한국식품조리과학회지
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• 제26권3호
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• pp.252-262
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• 2010

This study was conducted to evaluate the sanitary performance and education of elementary and middle school food service employees, by administering questionnaires to 358 elementary school food service employees and 171 middle school food service employees in Seoul. The collected data were subjected to descriptive analysis and $X^2$ tests using the SPSS package program. On the questionnaire, items pertaining to personal hygiene, ingredient control, process control, safety management, and sanitation education were used to measure sanitary performance, with a maximum possible rating of 5 per each category. The results can be summarized as follows. Elementary school food service employees' had the following sanitary performances scores: personal hygiene(4.75), ingredient control(4.82), process control(4.73), safety management(4.69) and sanitation education(4.29). Middle school food service employees' had the following performance ratings: personal hygiene(4.62), ingredient control(4.71), process control(4.71), safety management(4.61) and sanitation education(4.05). In the elementary school employees, 59.8% received regular sanitation education once per month, while 67.3% of middle school employees received regular sanitation education more than once per month. At the elementary schools, food service sanitation education was conducted verbally(39.4%), while middle school sanitation education was principally carried out through the distribution of leaflets(41.5%). The average effectiveness scores for food service verbal education were 2.97 out of a possible 5 at the elementary schools and 2.94 out of 5 at the middle schools. In both elementary and middle schools, the majority of the employees attributed the low level of sanitation knowledge in food service to a lack of facilities and equipment.

• 한국조리학회지
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• 제20권1호
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• pp.159-177
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• 2014

본 연구는 수도권 윈도우 베이커리의 매장근무자와 공장근무자의 위생교육, 위생 지식 및 위생관리 수행 수준을 조사하여 윈도우 베이커리 위생관리 현황을 파악하고자 하였다. 윈도우 베이커리 근무자를 매장과 공장 근무자로 분류하여 위생 교육 현황을 파악하였고, 위생 지식수준과 위생 관리 수행 수준을 직급, 근무연한, 위생 교육횟수에 따라 분석하고, 이 결과를 개인위생, 시설 및 작업장 위생, 재료 및 제조 위생으로 나누어 비교했다. 연구결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 첫째, 윈도우베이커리 근무자들은 1년에 3회 이하로 위생교육을 받고 있었으며, 위생 관리 수행 수준은 공장근무자가 매장근무자보다 평균이 높았다. 둘째, 위생지식수준의 경우 매장근무자는 재료 및 제조위생에서 대표와 근무기간이 5년 이상인 경우 낮게 나타났으며, 공장근무자는 공장장과 인턴, 근무기간이 5년 이상인 경우 낮았다. 셋째, 위생관리 수행수준의 경우 매장근무자는 인턴과 근무 1년 미만인 경우 수행수준이 낮았고, 공장근무자는 직급과 근무기간에 따라 유의한 차이는 없었다. 위생교육을 받지 않은 경우 매장근무자는 전반적으로 수행수준이 낮았고, 공장근무자는 재료 및 제조위생에서 수행수준이 유의하게 낮았다. 따라서 향후 윈도우 베이커리 매장과 공장 근무자들을 위한 업무에 따른 위생 교육 매뉴얼을 작성하여 지속적인 위생교육과 모니터링이 필요하다.

• 동아시아식생활학회지
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• 제17권5호
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• pp.746-752
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• 2007

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of HACCP education on improvements of knowledge in school foodservice employees in Gyeonggi-do, particularly in Anyang, Ansan, Siheung and Hwasung City. A first and second questionnaire was answered both before and after HACCP education that was directed by a dietitian. The change in HACCP knowledge after education, as compared to before, was statistically significant(p<0.01). Specifically, the average score after education increased more than 30 points in CCP2 and CCP6, and more than 60 points in CCP3. Most of the school foodservice operations performed sanitary education once a month; however, they did not perform regular HACCP education. The fact that the level of sanitary knowledge was different after HACCP education than before suggests the possibility of improving the sanitary performance levels of foodservice employees through continual education.

• 한국식품조리과학회지
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• 제11권3호
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• pp.274-281
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• 1995

This study was conducted to evaluate food sanitary practices of employees of university and industry foodservices in Seoul and Pusan areas. The subjects consist of 126 and 157 employees in university and industry foodservices, respectively. The questionnaire was used in this study as a survey method. The results are as follows: The majority of employees (88.0％) have once at least received food sanitation education and 68.8％ of them have been monthly educated; The employees of industry foodservices were more frequently educated in sanitation than those of universities. Also, the former had a significantly higher mean rating score on the employees＇food sanitary practice than that of the latter; The mean ratings of the knowledge and practice for the total employees＇food sanitary were 9.28/15.00 and 131.97/150.00, respectively; The higher mean rating group (over 9.0) for the food sanitary knowledge showed a significantly higher rate in the food sanitary practice than that of the lower group (below 9.0); The employees, who were educated in the food sanitation. received significantly higher rates of the food sanitary knowledge than those of the uneducated employees; The frequency of the sanitation education for the employees was positively correlated (P＜0.01) with the rating of the food sanitary practice.

• 대한지역사회영양학회지
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• 제11권2호
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• pp.240-252
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• 2006

A survey was implemented to suggest basic data for assuring the safety of cooked foods in foodbank operations. A questionnaire consisted of total 48 items including general characteristics, basic inputs and perceived importance/performance of sanitary management. One hundred twenty-eight responses among the 267 nationwide foodbanks were used for the statistical analysis. About forty-one percent of foodbanks was operated a period of 1-3 years and 43.0% of them were managed by social welfare organizations. The number of staff was only 0.5 person per operation with the whole responsibility and 1.0 with additional work, and thus most of the work was managed by volunteers. Job satisfaction was shown to be moderate and was affected by specialty and salary mostly. The facilities and equipment in foodbanks were not enough to operate and freezers/refrigerators were the top priority to supplement. Most of the respondents attended a nationwide level sanitary education program (79.7%); but complained not enough frequency of education (90%). The sanitary status of the donated foods was considered as satisfactory but some safety practices had to be improved, including personnel expenses and operating costs in the district level, a sanitary awareness of the donors and a general management of the facilities arid equipment. An assessment on sanitary management resulted in an overall average of 4.45 out of 5 points in importance and 3.85 in performance showing the high level of sanitation perception in foodbank managers. From the IPA analysis, the fields found to be improved were sanitation management during cooking and temperature control as well as cleanliness and sanitation of both transport vehicle and refrigerator/freezer. To secure the food safety in foodbanks, consequently, personnel support, supplement of facilities and equipment, intense sanitation education and development of sanitation management program is needed.

• 한국식품영양학회지
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• 제21권3호
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• pp.355-365
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• 2008

The purpose of this study was to investigate the food sanitation awareness and performance of foodservice industry employees. Based on a literature review, a questionnaire was developed to identify the food sanitation education, experience, knowledge, and food sanitation practices of the employees. A total of 376 Korean food industry employees participated, and there were 344 usable questionnaires. In the analysis of food sanitation knowledge, the statements "clip fingernails short and do not use nail polish", and "if feeling sick, even with a minor cold, speak to your supervisor immediately", had the highest and lowest percentages of correct answers, respectively. In assessing employee sanitary management practices, many correctly acknowledged "clip fingernails short and do not use nail polish" and "wash hands after using the toilet", which received high scores; however, "use hands to pick up ice" and "if feeling sick, even with a minor cold, speak to your supervisor immediately" had low scores. The sanitary knowledge and practice levels of the employees were not significantly different according to gender, age, work area, job title, or duration of duty. Among the surveyed industries, employees of special restaurants had the least sanitary knowledge(p<0.05) and practice scores(p<0.001). Employees who had worked for $1{\sim}3$ years presented the least sanitary management practice level scores(p<0.05).). In addition, college students and participants without hygiene educational experience showed the least levels of sanitary knowledge(p<0.01). Scores for sanitary management practice were higher when hygiene education was regularly conducted more than once per month. Employees showed significantly higher knowledge and sanitary management practice levels when they were required to use a sanitary checklist(p<0.001), and employees who were trained in HACCP had significantly higher sanitary checklist scores(p<0.05). In foodservices that applied HACCP, the employees showed higher knowledge and sanitary management practice levels(p<0.001).

• 한국가정과학회지
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• 제9권3호
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• pp.81-87
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• 2006

The purpose of this study was to assess the sanitary education performance for employee through school foodservice dietitians in Jeonju area. Questionaires were distributed to 67 dietitians of school foodservice. The statistical analysis of data was completed using SPSS 10.0 program. The results were summarized as follows: 47.8% of dietitians were $31{\sim}35$ years old and 73.1% were regular employee. 37.3% had a dietitian career less $5{\sim}10$ years old. Most dietitians(74.6%) provided verbal training to the school foodservice employees at least once every month. This training included details of personal, facility and food processing hygiene, food poisoning and microorganism. Because of 'missing time' had 65.7% of dietitian a problem to conduct the sanitary training. The working experience and academic background of dietitians influenced on the item of sanitary training, not on the frequency of training.