• 한국지반공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국지반공학회 2001년도 토목섬유기술위원회 학술세미나 논문집
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• pp.33-44
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• 2001

The generally known vertical drain methods for improvement of soft ground are Sand Drain, Sand Compaction Pile, Plastic Drain Board, and Pack Drain. Recently, Plastic Drain Board method application in soft ground is widely used. In this case study, it is compared with each other vertical drain methods from the results of monitorning and test embankment. The results of the analysis and the study show that Plastic Drain Board method is relatively acceptable as vertical drain method.

• 한국지반공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국지반공학회 2000년도 봄 학술발표회 논문집
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• pp.223-230
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• 2000

Sand drain as a vertical drainage is widely used in soft ground improvement. Recently, sand, the principal source of sand drain, is running out. The in-situ tests were carried out to utilize gravel as a substitute for sand. In-situ tests area was divided into two areas by material used. One is Sand Drain(SD) and Sand Compaction Pile(SCP) area, the other is Gravel Drain(GD) and Gravel Compaction Pile(GCP) area. Both areas were monitored to obtain the information on settlement, pore water pressure and bearing capacity by measuring instruments for stage loading caused by embankment. The results of measurements were analyzed, The clogging effect was checked at various depth in gravel column after the test. According to the test results, the settlement was found to be smaller in gravel drain than in sand drain. The increase in bearing capacity by gravel pile explains the result. The clogging effect was not found in gravel column. It is assumed that gravel is relatively acceptable as a drainage material. Gravel is considered to be a better material than sand for bearing capacity, and it is found that bearing capacity is larger when gravel is used as a gravel compaction pile than as a gravel drain.

• 한국지반공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국지반공학회 2003년도 봄 학술발표회 논문집
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• pp.761-766
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• 2003

In environmental and economical views Plastic Board Drain(PBD) has many problems which is generally used in improving soft grounds. In order to improve these, Rags drain and Sponge drain are developed in this study, and the application to drains is presented though comparing with PDB and Sand drain In consolidation effects. Test results show that the consolidation effects, including consolidation rate and stregth, increase in order of Sand and Rags, PDB and Sponge drain.

• 한국지반공학회지:지반
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• 제1권2호
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• pp.17-26
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• 1985

본문의 필자들은 연약지반의 다차원감밀을 포함하여 각종 개양공법을 시행할 경추 재하에 의한 웅전의 관력과 변형 그리고 문극수감거동 등의 해석과 나아가 시공관리 등을 포괄하는 연약지반해 석연의 다목적 프로그램의 개발을 목표로 연구를 진행중에 있다. 1)-4) 그동안 몇차례에 걸헉 본프로 그램의 이론적 배경과 구성내용 그리고 개양공법별 유용성데 관하여 학술지나 학술발표회를 통해 발 표한 바 있는데 본문은 이어서 Sand Drain공법의 적용에 대하여 연구한 결과를 발표한 것이다. Sand Drain공법은 점토우에 사완을 두어 성토하중에 의해 여밀을 촉진한다. 이 설계이론은 주지하다시피 Barron의 이론을 이용한 것인데 그러나 이 이론은 Terzaghi계 이론의 결함과 변형경건이 불분명하다는 것은 잘알혀진 사실이다. 그리고 사항데 대한 응력집중은 전혀 고려되어 있지 않다. 본 프로그램은 기본적으조 다차원려밀은 Biot계리론을 채택하였다. 이 다차원견밀을 해석하는테 사항의 응력집중을 해명하기 위하여 사항i61 강성을 고쳐하지 않은 경우와 고려하는 경우를 자연지반 상태의 탄밀(이차원)상태와 비교하여 응력집중이 어떻게 일어나는7'1를 고찰하였다. 이 때 모래(사항)와 성토재료는 비선형탄성모델로 생각하고 점토는 비등방성에 Creep효과를 함께 고려할 수 있는 구성방정식으로서 탄점소성모델을 채택하였다. 그 결과는 강성을 고려하는 Sand drain이 헌실적이며 동시에 그와같은 해석이나 설계도 가능하다는 것을 밟힌 것이다.

• 한국철도학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국철도학회 1999년도 추계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.407-414
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• 1999

Sand drain as a vertical drainage is widely used in soft ground improvement. Recently, sand, the principal source of sand drain, is running out. A laboratory model test was carried out to utilize gravel as a substitute for sand. Though which the characteristics of gravel are compared to those of sand for engineering purpose. According to the test, the settlement was found to be smaller in gravel drain than in sand drain. The increase in bearing capacity by gravel rile explains the result. The clogging effect was not found in gravel column. As a result, it is assumed that gravel is relatively acceptable as a drainage material. Gravel material seems better than sand material in bearing capacity and it is found that bearing capacity is larger when gravel is used as compaction pile than as drain from in-situ test on bearing capacity. Increase of bearing capacity with gravel pile means an effect of composite ground by stiffness of gravel material. It can lie supposed to use gravel pile instead of sand pile in view of consolidation effect and bearing capacity.

• 한국지반공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국지반공학회 1999년도 가을 학술발표회 논문집
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• pp.87-94
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• 1999

Sand drain as a vertical drainage is widely used in soft ground improvement. Recently, sand, the principal source of sand drain, is running out. A laboratory model test was carried out to utilize gravel as a substitute for sand. Though which the characteristics of gravel are compared to those of sand for engineering purpose. Two cylindrical containers for the model test were filled with marine clayey soil from the west coast of Korea with a column in the center, one with sand, the other with gravel. Vibrating wire type piezometers were installed at the distance of 1.0D, 1.5D and 2.0D from the center of the column. D is the diameter of the column. The transient process of pore water pressure with loading and the characteristics of consolidation were studied with the data gained from the measuring instrument place on the surface of the container. The parameter study was performed for the marine clayey soil before and after the test in order to check the effectiveness of the improvement. The clogging effect was checked at various depth in gravel column after the test. According to the test, the settlement was found to be smaller in gravel drain than in sand drain. The increase in bearing capacity by gravel pile explains the result. The clogging effect was not found in gravel column. As a result, it is assumed that gravel is relatively acceptable as a drainage material.

• 한국지반공학회지:지반
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• 제8권1호
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• pp.67-80
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• 1992

본 연구에서는 시간에 따른 공사하중의 크기 변화가 다양할 경우에, smear zone및 well resistance의 영향을 모두 고려하여 설계시에 요구되는 모래기등 영향원의 반지름(즉, 모래기둥의 설치간격)을 결정하기 위한 해석법을 제시하였다. 이를 위해 단순선형점증하중의 경우에 대해 제시된 Olson의 해석법(smear zone 및 well resistance의 영향을 모두 무시한 경우)을 변형하였으며, 아울러 제시된 해석법을 토대로 설계에 관련된 여러가지 변수가 모래기end의 설치간격에 미치는 영향을 조건별로 분석하였다.

• 한국산업융합학회 논문집
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• 제7권1호
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• pp.83-89
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• 2004

The analysis about consolidation characteristic in soft clay has been depending one-dimension consolidation analysis. but, drain and undrain zone are explicated as homogeneous by consolidation behavior following consoli- dated settlementsoft in soft clay. 1) Established sand drain in soft clay in many types, and measured water content, unconfined compression strength, vertical stress, horizontal stress, vertical settlement, pore water pressure. 2) Arranged the result from the test and numerically explicated effective stress, total stress, and effective stress path at the drain and undrain zone. 3) We also analyzed and comparied elastic and elastic-plastic in soft clay using measured data. The result analyzed does not approach to a special theory, but, it is well in accord with the result of other investigator's study in the same condition.

• 한국지반공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국지반공학회 2000년도 연약지반처리위원회 학술세미나
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• pp.32-41
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• 2000

Sand drain as a vertical drainage is widely used in soft ground improvement Recently, sand, the principal source of sand drain, is running out. The laboratory model tests were carried out to utilize gravel as a substitute for sand. Though which the characteristics of gravel are compared to those of sand for engineering purpose. Two cylindrical containers for the model test were filled with marine clayey soil from the west coast of Korea with a column in the center, one with sand, the other with gravel. Vibrating wire type piezometers were installed at the distance of 1.0D, 1.5D and 2.0D from the center of the column. The characteristics of consolidation were studied with data obtained from the measuring instrument place on the surface of the container. The parameter study was performed on the marine clayey soil before and after the test in order to verify the effectiveness of the improvement. The clogging effect was checked at various depth in gravel column after the test. In-situ tests area was divided into two areas by material used. One is Sand Drain(SD) and Sand Compaction Pile(SCP) area, the other is Gravel Drain(GD) and Gravel Compaction Pile(GCP) area. Both areas were monitored to obtain the information on settlement, pore water pressure and bearing capacity by measuring instruments for stage loading caused by embankment. The results of measurements were analyzed. According to the test results, the settlement was found to be smaller in gravel drain than in sand drain. The increase in bearing capacity by gravel pile explains the result. The clogging effect was not found in gravel column. It is assumed that gravel is relatively acceptable as a drainage material. Gravel is considered to be a better material than sand for bearing capacity, and it is found that bearing capacity is larger when gravel is used as a gravel compaction pile than as a gravel drain.

• 한국소음진동공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국소음진동공학회 2000년도 추계학술대회논문집
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• pp.500-505
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• 2000

Recently, with the increasing of construction works, large construction equipment are used to reduce the term of work and labor cost in construction field. Therefore, construction equipment noise has caused much annoyance for a number of dweller in nearby construction field and it has become a very serious problem in our living environment. Neverthless, in our country, adequite guidelines for the construction equipment noise are very deficiency because of the lack of basic data and insufficient research works. From this point of view, this study attempts to survey the characteristics of attenuation and propagation of Sand Drain Method in construction field. On the basis of measurement value, we analysed about prediction possibility of Sand Drain Method. This study also present a basic data found a effective plans for Sand Drain Method.