• 제목/요약/키워드: Salinity difference

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저염분 해수사육 강도다리 Platichthys stellatus의 체성분 특성 (Quality Characteristics of Starry Flounder Platichthys stellatus Meat Reared in Different Salinity)

  • 임한규;김영수;손맹현;김경덕;정민환;장영진
    • 수산해양교육연구
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    • 제24권2호
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    • pp.324-332
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    • 2012
  • This study was performed to evaluate the food value of starry flounder Platichthys stellatus reared in different salinity. Results of salinity experiment in starry flounder clearly showed that there were no significant difference among cohesiveness and hardness except springiness. Proximate composition of muscle, crude lipid at the salinity 0 psu was significantly higher than those 15 psu and 33 psu, but there was no significant difference in terms of crude protein, moisture and ash. While variations in some amino acid composition, serine and threonine contents were observed among fishes reared in different salinity of water, but no significant difference among the other amino acid contents. Muscle fatty acid composition showed significant difference among C16:0, C16:1n-7, C20:1n-9, C22:5n-3 and C24:0. Results of a sensory evaluation clearly indicated that there were no significant difference in odor and color of fish muscle reared in different salinity. But taste, texture and overall acceptability showed the lowest values in 0 psu.

어린이급식관리지원센터 등록 시설 국물음식의 염도 모니터링 (Salinity Monitoring of Soups of The Institutions Enrolled at Center for Children's Foodservice Management)

  • 박현내;김순미
    • 동아시아식생활학회지
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    • 제26권6호
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    • pp.507-516
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    • 2016
  • 본 연구는 지속적인 염도 관리의 교육효과를 살펴보기 위하여 강동구 어린이급식관리지원센터에 등록된 21인 이상의 어린이집에서 제공되는 국물음식의 염도를 모니터링 하였으며, 그 결과는 아래와 같다. 1. 모니터링을 실시한 시설은 1차 102개소, 2차 76개소, 3차 78개소이며, 맑은 장국, 된장국, 곰국, 찌개, 기타로 구분한 국물음식의 평균 염도는 1차(0.45%), 2차(0.41%), 3차(0.39%)로 진행됨에 따라 유의적으로 감소하였다(p<0.01). 2. 어린이집 유형에 따른 염도는 국공립어린이집의 경우, 1차 0.43%, 2차 0.35%, 3차 0.38%로 유의적인 감소를 나타내지는 않았으나, 민간어린이집은 1차 0.46%, 2차 0.43%, 3차 0.39%로 모니터링을 진행할수록 유의적으로 감소하였다 (p<0.01). 3. 집단급식소 등록 여부에 따라 급식 인원 50인 이상의 대규모 급식소와 50인 미만의 소규모 급식소의 염도를 비교한 결과, 대규모 급식소의 국물음식의 평균 염도가 낮았으나 유의적인 차이를 보이지 않았으며, 모두 1차에 비해 3차의 평균 염도가 감소하는 경향을 나타냈다. 4. 3차에 걸친 모니터링 시 어린이집에서 제공한 국물음식의 횟수는 총 256회였으며, 이 중 맑은 장국이 139회로 가장 많이 제공되었고, 된장국이 76회, 기타(들깻국, 수제비 등) 24회, 찌개 9회, 곰국 8회 순서로 나타났다. 5. 국물음식의 종류별 염도는 곰국을 제외하고는 맑은 장국, 된장국, 찌개 모두 1차에서 3차로 진행될수록 염도가 감소하였으나, 국의 종류 및 모니터링 차수에 따른 염도의 유의적인 차이는 없었다. 그러나 동일한 국물음식 간에도 염도의 차이가 매우 커서 개별 국물음식의 최소치와 최대치의 차이는 1차의 경우 달걀국이 0.62%, 2차는 감잣국이 0.54%, 3차는 양송이국이 0.64%를 나타냈다. 본 연구 결과, 지속적인 염도 모니터링 진행을 통해 어린이집 국물음식의 염도가 낮아지는 것으로 나타나, 센터에서 진행하는 교육의 효과를 확인할 수 있었다. 영유아 급식시설에서의 국물음식의 염도 기준은 명확하게 제시되어 있지 않으나, 식품의약품안전처에서는 성인의 경우 0.6% 이하, 영유아 급식시설에서는 이보다 더 낮은 0.5% 이하로 관리하도록 권고하고 있다. 그러나 적정 염도는 음식의 종류에 따라 다르므로 영유아를 위한 주요 나트륨 급원 메뉴의 적정 염도범위를 설정할 필요가 있다. 또한 본 연구에서 3차에 걸쳐 조사된 국물음식의 전체 염도 평균치는 모두 0.5% 미만으로 적절한 범위에서 관리하고 있었으나, 개별 국물음식의 염도는 매우 큰 차이를 나타내었다. 영유아는 미각이 형성되는 시기이며, 염도는 음식에 대한 기호에 영향을 줄 수 있으므로 국물음식의 염도는 일정한 범위 내에서 관리되는 것이 바람직하며, 추후 최고 염도뿐만 아니라, 음식의 맛과 건강을 함께 고려하는 최저 염도에 대한 논의도 함께 이루어져야 할 필요가 있을 것으로 사료된다.

관측과 모델에서 얻어진 열대 대서양에서의 계절별 염분 분포 및 담수 효과 (Observed and Simulated Seasonal Salinity in The Tropical Atlantic ocean, and its Relationship with Freshwater)

  • 유정문
    • 한국해양학회지
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    • 제27권4호
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    • pp.290-302
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    • 1992
  • 기후학적인 관측자료와 담수 효과를 고려한 수치실험에서 얻어진 두가지의 계절별 염분 분포를 열대 대서양 500 m 상층부에 대하여 조사하였다. 해표면 염분의 계절 변 화는 담수의 초과를 가져오는 열대수렴대(ITCZ)의 이동 및 강물 방출 시기에 밀접한 관계가 있었다. 본 연구에서 얻어진 계절별 염분 분포는 Defant (1981)와 Levitus (1982) 등의 이미 존재하는 기후 자료와 대체로 비슷하나, 본 연구의 자료가 온도 분 포에 더 잘 일치하였다. 밀도에 대한 온도 효과와 비교할 때 염분 효과는 100 m 이심 에서는 무시할 만하나 혼합층에서 염분 효과는 상당히 중요하였다. 관측된 염분 분포 와 모델에서 계산된 염분 분포사이에 뚜렷한 차이가 염분값의 위도에 따른 기울기에서 나타났다. 모델에서 유도된 염분은 관측값보다 적도부근의 해양에서 대체로 높게 나타 났으나, 아열대 해역에서는 낮게 나타났다. 남동 대서양 해역과 같은 관측자료가 매우 적은 곳에서 염분 차이는 크게 나타났고, 이런 해역에서 정교한 모델값이 좀 더 정확 한 듯 보인다. 또한 관측값과 모델에서 얻어진 값과의 불일치에 대한 가능한 원인들도 분석하였다.

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Varietal Difference in Salinity Tolerance during Germination Stage of Rice

  • Lee, Kang-Soo;Choi, Sun-Young;Choi, Won-Yul
    • 한국작물학회지
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    • 제43권1호
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    • pp.11-14
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    • 1998
  • This study was conducted to find out a desirable screening condition for the salinity tolerance in germination of rice. Seeds of 33 rice varieties were tested in NaCl solutions with various concentration levels. The germination percentage had a decreasing tendency with increasing NaCl concentration and inhibition concentration of 50% germination was 320mM. Standard deviation of germination percentage was highest (28.6) under 300mM NaCl. There was a highly significant correlation between the 50% germination concentration and the germination percentage at 20th day after seeding in 300mM NaCl. Also in 300mM NaCl, the germination percentage at 20th day after seeding was significantly correlated with the germination percentage at the 6th day after seeding. The salinity tolerance on the basis of germination percentage at 6th day after seeding in 300mM NaCl, was strong in 'Hyangnambyeo', 'Ilmibyeo', 'Kancheogbyeo', and 'Namwonbyeo', while weak in 'Ansanbyeo', 'Odaebyeo', 'Nonganbyeo', 'Dasanbyeo', and 'Namcheonbyeo'.

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Geographic Variation in Shell Morphology of the Rock Shell, Thais clavigera (Gastropoda: Muricidae) According to Environmental Difference in Korean Coasts

  • Son Min Ho
    • 한국수산과학회지
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    • 제36권6호
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    • pp.632-640
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    • 2003
  • Geographic variation in shell morphology of Thais clavigera $(K\"{u}ster)$ (Gastropoda: Muricidae) was investigated using samples collected from 24 sites along the Korean coast. Multivariate statistical analysis was applied to 9 morphometric and 4 categorical variables. The shells of T. clavigera were classified into two distinct morph types (Type-W and -E). Temperature and salinity of the sampling sites were significantly correlated with the incidence of morph types. Relative abundance of Type-W (thin, yellowish brown shell with triangular nodules) was positively correlated with temperature and negatively correlated with salinity. In contrast, relative abundance of Type-E (thick, dark purple shell with round nodules) was negatively correlated with temperature and positively correlated with salinity. Possible correlation between environmental factors (temperature and salinity) and morphological variations in the shells were discussed.

Validation of Salinity Data from ARGO Floats: Comparison between the Older ARGO Floats and that of Later Deployments

  • Youn Yong-Hoon;Lee Homan;Chang You-Soon;Thadathil Pankajakshan
    • 한국지구과학회지
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    • 제26권2호
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    • pp.129-136
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    • 2005
  • Continued observation of ARGO floats for years(about 4 years) makes the conductivity sensor more vulnerable to fouling by marine life and associated drift in salinity measurements. In this paper, we address this issue by making use of floats deployed in different years. Floats deployed in the East Sea and the Indian Ocean are examined to find out float-to-float match-ups in such a way that an older float pops up simultaneously with a newer deployment (with tolerable space-time difference). A time difference of less than five days and space difference of less than 100km are considered for the match-up data sets. For analysis of the salinity drift under the stable water mass, observations of the floats from deepest water masses have been used. From the cross-check of ARGO floats in the East Sea and the Indian Ocean, it is found that there is a systematic drift in the older float compared to later deployments. All drift results, consistently show negative bias indicating the typical nature of drift from fouled sensors. However, the drift is much less than 0.01, the specified accuracy of ARGO program.

가막만 멸치 들망 어장의 해역별 특성 (Environmental Condition of Sea Areas for Anchovy Lift Net in Kamak Bay)

  • 이인원;김동수
    • 수산해양기술연구
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    • 제34권1호
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    • pp.67-73
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    • 1998
  • In order to find out the environmental factors influencing the catch of anchovy lift nets in kamakbay, the three oceanographic factors, i. e., the water temperature, the salinity, the amount of chlorophyll-a were observed respectively from August 1 to 12, 1995 and from September 20 to 26, 1995, and each of them was compared with the catch of anchovy by the lift net. The results obtained are summerized as follow : 1) The water temperature was ranged from 17.3 to 29.6$^{\circ}C$ and its difference between the surface and bottom was 1 to 3$^{\circ}C$. In the three areas, A, B and C, the area A was the hightest in temperature, the area B being a second, and the area C being the lowest. 2) The salinity was ranged from 32.20 to 33.47$\textperthousand$ and its difference between the surface and bottom was not significant. In the three areas, the area A was the highest in salinity, the area B being a second, and the area C being the lowest. 3) The amount of chlorophyll-a was ranged from 0.19 to 5.30mg/m supper(3) and its difference among the three areas was not significant. Daily variation of the amount was very irregulated because the position operated was changed daily. 4) A comparison of the water temperature, the salinity and the amount of chlorophyll-a with the catch gave that the water temperature and the amount of chlorophyll-a had large influence on the catch and the salinity did not so. However, the influence of the amount of chlorophyll-a was larger than that of the water temperature. 5) The catch of anchovy was large respectively during two hours after sun set and during two hours before sun rise.

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간척호 (화옹호) 생성 초기의 수온과 염분의 공간적 구조와 계절적 변화 (Spatial Structure and Seasonal Variation of Temperature and Salinity in the Early Stage of Reclaimed Brackish Lake (Hwaong Reservoir))

  • 신재기;윤춘경;황순진
    • 생태와환경
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    • 제39권3호통권117호
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    • pp.352-365
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    • 2006
  • 본 연구는 간척호 조성 초기 단계에 있는 화옹호를 대상으로 수환경의 변화를 파악하고자 2002년 6월부터 2006년 1월까지 수행하였다. 화옹호는 해양환경을 담수화시키는 과정에 있으므로 다양한 환경요인 중에서 강수량, 수온 및 염분도의 월 변동을 중심으로 하였다. 수온의 범위와 평균값은 각각 $-0.7{\sim}33.4^{\circ}C$, $13.6^{\circ}C$이었다. 상류부의 수온은 봄철${\sim}$여름철과 여름철${\sim}$가을철로 전이될때 빠르게 증가 또는 감소하였으나 하천 유입량이 많은 시기에는 일시적으로 다소 급감하는 현상을 보이기도 하였다. 반면에, 겨울철에는 상류부 저층의 경우 표층이나 하류부보다 수온이 다소 높은 양상을 보이기도 하였다. 염분의 범위와 평균값은 각각 0.3${\sim}$32.3 psu, 25.3 psu이었다. 염분은 수층에 따른 상하 수직적 차이가 현저하여 중층과 저층보다 표층에서 증감 변동이 매우 심하였다. 남양천이 유입되는 상류부의 저층을 제외하고는 전 정점에서 현격한 차이를 보이지 않았다. 이것은 저수지내 염분의 수직적 구배가 뚜렷하게 유지되고 있음을 의미하였다. 염분은 여름철 강우기에 해당하는 6${\sim}$10월에 변동폭이 매우 컸고, 표층의 경우 저염수가 상류에서 하류로 확장되는 현상이 뚜렷하였다. 이 시기에 표층의 수색은 황토색으로서 하천으로부터 유입 후 공급 이동된 저염수의 탁수층(turbidity plume)으로 뒤덮는 양상이 전개되었다. 저수지내 수온의 상 ${\cdot}$ 하 차이에 대한 범위는 $-10.6{\sim}9.7^{\circ}C$이었다 또한, 표층과 저층의 염분 차이는 $-27.1{\sim}30.0$ psu 범위이었다. 염분 농도의 차이가 큰 경우는 담수의 유입량이 크거나 배수갑문의 조작에 의한 해수유입이 많은 상태에서 나타났다. 수온과 염분의 관계는 음의 상관성을 보여, 즉 수온이 높을수록 염분 농도가 낮은 특성을 보였다.

토마토에 염류 내성을 유도하는 바실러스 균주 처리 후 근권 미생물 군집 구조 연구 (Assessment of Rhizosphere Microbial Community Structure in Tomato Plants after Inoculation of Bacillus Species for Inducing Tolerance to Salinity)

  • 유성제;이신애;원항연;송재경;상미경
    • 한국환경농학회지
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    • 제40권1호
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    • pp.49-59
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    • 2021
  • BACKGROUND: Soil salinity causes reduction of crop productivity. Rhizosphere microbes have metabolic capabilities and ability to adaptation of plants to biotic and abiotic stresses. Plant growth-promoting bacteria (PGPB) could play a role as elicitors for inducing tolerance to stresses in plants by affecting resident microorganism in soil. This study was conducted to demonstrate the effect of selected strains on rhizosphere microbial community under salinity stress. METHODS AND RESULTS: The experiments were conducted in tomato plants in pots containing field soil. Bacterial suspension was inoculated into three-week-old tomato plants, one week after inoculation, and -1,000 kPa-balanced salinity stress was imposed. The physiological and biochemical attributes of plant under salt stress were monitored by evaluating pigment, malondialdehyde (MDA), proline, soil pH, electrical conductivity (EC) and ion concentrations. To demonstrate the effect of selected Bacillus strains on rhizosphere microbial community, soil microbial diversity and abundance were evaluated with Illumina MiSeq sequencing, and primer sets of 341F/805R and ITS3/ITS4 were used for bacterial and fungal communities, respectively. As a result, when the bacterial strains were inoculated and then salinity stress was imposed, the inoculation decreases the stress susceptibility including reduction in lipid peroxidation, enhanced pigmentation and proline accumulation which subsequently resulted in better plant growth. However, bacterial inoculations did not affect diversity (observed OTUs, ACE, Chao1 and Shannon) and structure (principle coordinate analysis) of microbial communities under salinity stress. Furthermore, relative abundance in microbial communities had no significant difference between bacterial treated- and untreated-soils under salinity stress. CONCLUSION: Inoculation of Bacillus strains could affect plant responses and soil pH of tomato plants under salinity stress, whereas microbial diversity and abundance had no significant difference by the bacterial treatments. These findings demonstrated that Bacillus strains could alleviate plant's salinity damages by regulating pigments, proline, and MDA contents without significant changes of microbial community in tomato plants, and can be used as effective biostimulators against salinity stress for sustainable agriculture.

Behavior Characteristics of Density Currents Due to Salinity Differences in a 2-D Water Tank

  • Lee, Woo-Dong;Mizutani, Norimi;Hur, Dong-Soo
    • 한국해양공학회지
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    • 제32권4호
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    • pp.261-271
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    • 2018
  • In this study, a hydraulic model test, to which Particle Image Velocimetry (PIV) system applied, was used to determine the hydrodynamic characteristics of the advection-diffusion of saltwater according to bottom conditions (impermeable/permeability, diameter, and inclination) and the difference of the initial salt. Considering quantitative and qualitative results from the experiment, the characteristics of the density current were discussed. As an experimental result, the advection-diffusion mechanism of salinity was examined by the shape of saltwater wedge and the flow structure of density currents with various bottom conditions. The vertical salt concentration obtained from the experiment was used as quantitative data to calculate the diffusion coefficient that was used in the numerical model of the advection-diffusion of saltwater.