• 경영과정보연구
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• 제22권
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• pp.1-23
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• 2007

This paper investigates the relationships between exports, firm size, and firm dynamics. It is based on a longitudinal data covering listed firms in the Korean manufacturing industry. We found the stylized fact that the probability that a firm is exporter increases with firm size. A regression model for the determinant of export/sales ratio including dynamic adjustment process is tested on a cross-section sample for the year 2001. Empirical findings suggest that there is a positive and inversely U-shaped relationship between firm size and export/sales ratio, just for basic material and capital good industry. Except for firm size, the hypotheses concerning human capital intensity, physical capital intensity, R&D intensity, and patent are rejected. Using Granger causality test, we found that the rate of growth of total sales influences the change of the export/sales ratio with time lag for medium-sized firms. Finally, some policy implications are presented.

• 대한안전경영과학회지
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• 제26권3호
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• pp.29-38
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• 2024

The purpose of this study is to use an evacuation simulation program to measure the change in evacuation time according to the width of the evacuation route due to the installation of an intermediate sales counter and the placement of a shopping cart between the sales counters of a large supermarket and to analyze the results. Currently, the "Distribution Industry Development Act" does not regulate the size and installation method of intermediate sales counters installed between sales counters that serve as practical evacuation routes in the event of a fire at a large supermarket, the size of shopping carts, etc. Considering this, we set evacuation route widths of 40, 50, 60, 70, 80, and 100 cm and compared and analyzed evacuation times according to various variables in the facility space. As a result of the experiment, as the width of the evacuation route was expanded, there was a significant difference in the evacuation time, from a maximum of 468.3 seconds to a minimum of 320.8 seconds. Considering the safety of evacuees in large supermarkets used by many people, it is time to regulate the size of intermediate sales stands installed between sales counters in large supermarkets and shopping carts that can become obstacles in an emergency.

• Asian Journal of Business Environment
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• 제1권1호
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• pp.9-12
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• 2011

This study aimed to predict retail sales of local markets in Jinan city of China with the Huff model. Using the Huff Model, we examined whether the predicted retail sales of local markets may be different in Jinan, China, from the department stores, supermarkets, shopping centers/shopping malls, and home appliance stores. The probability that a customer shops at location depends upon the store size and the travel time factors calculated by the Huff Model. We found that the predictedretail sales of shopping malls have a greater value than others. People who live in a mid-sized city may have easier access to any stores within the city boundary than people in metropolitan areas. Therefore, people in a mid-sized city are more sensitive to store size, because a bigger store size means greater opportunities, incentivizing consumers to travel further to competing stores after passing by nearer, smaller stores. This study has some limitations. First, the data is somewhat restricted in that the subject stores do not represent all of the stores in Jinan. Second, we cannot compare the estimated market share of the stores and the actual sales data. It is further suggested in this study that more databases be developed throughout such East Asian countries as Korea and Japan and that a different parameter λ value in the Huff Model be utilized for mid-sized cities.

• 산업경영시스템학회지
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• 제38권2호
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• pp.72-81
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• 2015

This paper studied the differences of the inventories asset turnover change ratio and several characteristics variable between large and small manufacturing firm group. Large and small firm group were determined based on number of labors and asset size. Several characteristics variable of firms such as assets size, sales growth rate, return on assets, leverage ratio, credit rating and age of firm were used to find out the differences of firm group. As a result, the inventory asset turnover change ratio of large firm was 5.16% and that of the middle and small firm was 9.3%. For the large firm, sales growth rate, ROA and credit rating affect inventory assets turnover change ratio. For the middle and small sized firm, Assets size, sales growth rate and credit rating affect inventory assets turnover change ratio. Using this result, we can say that manufacturing company need to consider their firm size and their characteristics to make their own operation strategy of inventory.

• The International Journal of Costume Culture
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• 제7권2호
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• pp.112-122
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• 2004

A brassier supports and protects breasts and makes a better shape of the upper half of the body through shaping breasts. A brassier, therefore, is recognized as the key underwear for female. Recently, the distribution structure and channels of the brassiere industry is diversified from conventional type of markets to department stores, convenience stores, and internet shopping mall. Studies on the sales of brassieres via internet, however, is not sufficient even though the market size has been dramatically increased thursdays. The study on the size structure (including the size and the materials fabric of brassieres circulating via internet) is especially rare. Therefore, this study tries to comply with increasing requests of consumers through comparing brassier brands on internet. In depth, this study compares cases of Korea and Japan in terms of availability of website on sales, quality indication like materials and functions, and size. The results indicated that there were three companies in Korea which run a website and make a sale through a website. All three Japanese companies operate a website and make sales on a website as well. In terms of size, Korean companies diversify their size of products in two ways. It varies from A cup to D cup based on cup size, and 65 to 100 according to its entire size. On the other hand, Japanese companies use AA, A to I to measure cup size, and 65 to 100 for entire size.

• 대한가정학회지
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• 제40권10호
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• pp.113-121
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• 2002

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of the depth of fashion product line on sales. The depth of the fashion product line was defined as the variety of style, color, and size in the outwear line for this study. Data were collected from the 98 brands in 4 department stores located in Seoul and Pusan. The result showed the significant impact of the variety of the outwear style on sales. Even after controlling the effect of advertising and the level of price in each brand, significant effect of the variety of outwear style were noticed on sales.

• 농업과학연구
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• 제51권3호
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• pp.351-359
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• 2024

Under the global economic system, farmers are developing various sales channels in addition to traditional sales channels due to continuous changes in the market environment and consumer behavior. As a result, many farmers have started direct marketing, and the government is implementing policies to support direct transactions to secure farm income. The purpose of this study is to identify factors affecting the selection of sales channels such as wholesale, farmsite sales, and store sales of mulberry fruit farmers using a multinomial logit model, and to present basic data for a difference in revenues by sales channel. As a result of analyzing the factors influencing the selection of sales channels of mulberry fruit farmers, it was found that the number of family members, the presence of successors, and the size of the mulberry fields have more impact than demographic characteristics such as the age and farming experience of farm owners. In addition, as a result of comparing the revenues of mulberry fruit farms by sales channel, it was found that farms with store sales as their main sales channel earned statistically significantly more revenues than farms with farm sales as their main sales channel. Based on these results, there were some suggestions for selection of sales channel for mulberry fruit farms.

• 한국의류학회지
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• 제33권3호
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• pp.489-499
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• 2009

The spread of internet brought the rapid development of on-line shopping mall, but the information of clothing-related products especially underwears in on-line shopping mall is still poor. Thus, in this paper, we investigated the dimension status and problems of brassieres selling at on-line shopping malls and suggest improving solutions. We surveyed the sales sizes and sales status of brassieres for four top-sales on-line malls and analyzed them based on both of Korean Standards and SizeKorea2005, the measurement data of Korean women's sizes. The results showed that almost of brassieres were for adults(98.8%), and for general purpose(97.8%) while the sales rates of specially targeted products for teen-ager or functional products for nursing mom were very low. Also, we noticed that Korean Standards covers most of SizeKorea measurements of women, but brassieres of only a small portion of size in Korean Standards were manufactured and sold at on-line shopping mall. It means that consumers who do not belong to the sector of most frequent body measurement range suffer difficulties in purchase of brassieres by on-line shopping. Thus, it is required to gather more accurate information about body size of potential consumers and to offer wider range of sizes and target-specific products for the activation of on-line shopping.

• KDI Journal of Economic Policy
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• 제41권2호
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• pp.59-79
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• 2019

This study analyzes whether mutual fund distributors are more likely to recommend products with higher sales compensation to maximize their profit. The lists of the 'fund of the month' on their webpages are utilized from April of 2015 to August of 2015. A simple comparative analysis shows that the average sales fees and the average front-end load are significantly higher in the recommended funds among the A share class of domestic equity funds. The results of a regression analysis confirm that funds with high sales compensation levels are more likely to be recommended. This holds true for both domestic equity funds and hybrid bond funds even after controlling for fund age, fund size, and past returns.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• 제3권4호
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• pp.25-37
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• 2016

This study aims to investigate the determinants of dividend payout of Oil and Gas industry of Pakistan using secondary data from published annual reports from 2008 to 2014 listed on KSE (Karachi Stock Exchange). Dividend payout can be affected by profitability, firm size, financial leverage, sales growth, investment opportunities, liquidity, business risk, and ownership structure. Panel data technique used due to panel characteristics of available data with ordinary least square regression model to find out the impact of set of explanatory variables on the dividend payout using the Stata. Financial leverage, sales growth and business risks are the most significant variables of the study where financial leverage and business risk have significant negative effect on dividend payout while sales growth has favorable positive impact on dividend payout. Results revealed significant positive link of profitability and firm size with dividend payout whereas government ownership is negatively associated with dividend payout. Investment opportunities, liquidity and managerial ownership showed insignificant relationship with dividend payout. This Suggests that dividend payout policy is dependent on business strategies including both investment and financing decisions. Financial managers should consider these factors while formulating dividend policy of the firm.