• Safety and Health at Work
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• v.10 no.4
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• pp.409-419
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• 2019

Although the rare earth elements (REEs) recycling industry is expected to increase worldwide in hightech industry, regulations for worker safety have yet to be established. This study was conducted to understand the potential hazard/risk of REE recycling and to support the establishment of regulations or standards. We review the extensive literature on the toxicology, occupational safety, and health issues, and epidemiological surveys related to the REEs, and propose suitable management measures. REE recycling has four key steps such as collection, dismantling, separation, and processing. In these processes, hazardous substances, such as REEs-containing dust, metals, and chemicals, were used or occurred, including the risk of ignition and explosion, and the workers can be easily exposed to them. In addition, skin irritation and toxicities for respiratory, nervous, and cardiovascular systems with the liver toxicity were reported; however, more supplementary data are needed, owing to incompleteness. Therefore, monitoring systems concerning health, environmental impacts, and safety need to be established, based on additional research studies. It is also necessary to develop innovative and environment-friendly recycling technologies, analytical methods, and biomarkers with government support. Through these efforts, the occupational safety and health status will be improved, along with the establishment of advanced REE recycling industry.

• Journal of the Society of Disaster Information
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.50-55
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• 2013

Self-Prevention Plan Review Report and Review Standards Process Safety Management(PSM), Safety Management System(SMS), including the contents of the safety management system audit standards, notices and guidelines on the screening form and were analyzed. Were expected through the interview and screening personnel in the screening process to identify problems prior research so that it can be reflected in the. Also divided into methods such as document review and on-site implementation status of the review written Emergency Preparedness Plan depending on the item proposed. Toxic Chemicals Control Act(TCCA) Self-Prevention Plan Review Regulations. However, the substantial approval process, and do not enable the system performance lacked Self-Prevention Plan Review. Review half configuration to enhance the professionalism and efficiency of the work of this research was performed.

• Clinics in Shoulder and Elbow
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• v.26 no.4
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• pp.423-437
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• 2023

Background: Radiofrequency has seen an increase in use in orthopedics including cartilage lesion debridement in the hip and knee as well as many applications in arthroscopic shoulder surgery. The purpose of this systematic review is to evaluate the safety and usage of radiofrequency in the shoulder. Methods: This systematic review was registered with PROSPERO (international registry) and followed the preferred reporting items for systematic review and meta-analysis protocols (PRISMA-P) guidelines. Embase and PubMed were searched using: "shoulder," "rotator cuff," "biceps," "acromion" AND "monopolar," "bipolar," "ablation," "coblation," and "radiofrequency ablation." The title and abstract review were performed independently. Any discrepancies were addressed through open discussion. Results: A total of 63 studies were included. Radiofrequency is currently utilized in impingement syndrome, fracture fixation, instability, nerve injury, adhesive capsulitis, postoperative stiffness, and rotator cuff disease. Adverse events, namely superficial burns, are limited to case reports and case series, with higher-level evidence demonstrating safe use when used below the temperature threshold. Bipolar radiofrequency may decrease operative time and decrease the cost per case. Conclusions: Shoulder radiofrequency has a wide scope of application in various shoulder pathologies. Shoulder radiofrequency is safe; however, requires practitioners to be cognizant of the potential for thermal burn injuries. Bipolar radiofrequency may represent a more efficacious and economic treatment modality. Safety precautions have been executed by institutions to cut down patient complications from shoulder radiofrequency. Future research is required to determine what measures can be taken to further minimize the risk of thermal burns.

• International Journal of Quality Innovation
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.134-152
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• 2008

Almost every country around the world has been focusing on food safety in intense and multifaceted ways. The use of Hazard Analysis Critical Control Points (HACCP) is widely accepted as a food safety management system. This paper investigates the success factors of HACCP practices with reference to the domains of food production, processing and delivery. A literature review of food safety and management articles was conducted. Using the keywords search, the online Emerald Database was used and a total of 102 journal articles were identified between 1994 and 2007. The study examined a list of 20 success factors. Results show that 'food regulations,' 'role of the industry,' 'government policies and interventions,' 'training on food safety and hygiene,' and 'food contamination and/or poisoning' share the spotlight as being the most critical factors for HACCP practices in organisations. Future research could investigate a holistic paradigm that incorporates the success factors and aligns HACCP measures for attaining safety performance goals.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• v.38 no.8
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• pp.697-732
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• 2006

In this paper, a historical review of the developments in the safety of LWR power plants is presented. The paper reviews the developments prior to the TMI-2 accident, i.e. the concept of the defense in depth, the design basis, the large LOCA technical controversies and the LWR safety research programs. The TMI-2 accident, which became a turning point in the history of the development of nuclear power is described briefly. The Chernobyl accident, which terrified the world and almost completely curtailed the development of nuclear power is also described briefly. The great international effort of research in the LWR design-base and severe accidents, which was, respectively, conducted prior to and following the TMI-2 and Chernobyl accidents is described next. We conclude that with the knowledge gained and the improvements in plant organisation/management and in the training of the staff at the presently-installed nuclear power stations, the LWR plants have achieved very high standards of safety and performance. The Generation 3+LWR power plants, next to be installed, may claim to have reached the goal of assuring the safety of the public to a very large extent. This review is based on the historical developments in LWR safety that occurred primarily in USA, however, they are valid for the rest of the Western World. This review can not do justice to the many fine contributions that have been made over the last fifty years to the cause of LWR safety. We apologize if we have not mentioned them. We also apologize for not providing references to many of the fine investigations, which have contributed towards LWR safety earning the conclusions that we describe just above.

• Journal of Sport and Applied Science
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.1-4
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• 2022

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to provide implications for virtual golf safety management in Korea through the literature review of current safety issues of virtual golf industry. Research design, data, and methodology: This study employed a qualitative approach to review prior studies and related documents presenting current safety perspectives of virtual sports facility management. First, the study reviewed the experiences of virtual golf players and safety criteria suggested from previous literatures. Second, two experts in sport facility management reviewed the manuscript including implications and provided their opinions including major implications and insights for virtual sport industry. Views of experts were added to the final manuscript. Results: This study found that installation standards and safety and hygiene standards by industry are enacted for the safety management of sports facilities, however, there is a need for standards to be adjusted because the contents are general, abstract, and lack detail, thus causing difficultly to secure effectiveness. Conclusions: For virtual golf courses, it is necessary to develop a safety inspection checklist that suits the characteristics of indoor virtual golf. In this line, safety criteria need to be developed with the consideration of characteristics of screen golf to establish an efficient safety management system and create a safe use environment.

• Proceedings of the Korean Nuclear Society Conference
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• 2004.10a
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• pp.1331-1332
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• 2004

• Proceedings of the Korean Nuclear Society Conference
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• 2004.10a
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• pp.1319-1320
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• 2004

• Proceedings of the Korean Radioactive Waste Society Conference
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• 2003.11a
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• pp.455-462
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• 2003

According to Korean nuclear code requires Periodic Safety Review(PSR) every 10 years should be perform for operating reactor, and selects the eleven PSR safety factors. Among them the review objective of the environmental impact is to determine whether the operator has an adequate programme for surveillance of the environmental impact of the nuclear power plant based on current safety standards. In this paper, the environmental impact in PSR of Wolsong Unit 1 was reflected current safety standards as of the evaluation date. As a result, all items generally satisfied the standards, and the staff also verified that the population dose due to the operation of Wolsong Unit 1 was controlled safely as of the evaluation date.

• Safety and Health at Work
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.37-42
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• 2010

Over years it has been increasingly concerned with how upper extremity musculoskeletal disorders (UEMSDs) are attributed to psychosocial job stressors. A review study was conducted to examine associations between UEMSDs and psychosocial work factors, and to recommend what to consider for the associations. For studies in which the job demand-control-support (DCS) model or its variables were specifically employed, published papers were selected and reviewed. A number of studies have reported relationships between UEMSDs symptoms and psychosocial exposure variables. For example, the findings are: higher numbness in the upper extremity was significantly attributed to by less decision latitude at work; work demands were significantly associated with neck and shoulder symptoms while control over time was associated with neck symptoms; and the combination of high psychosocial demands and low decision latitude was a significant predictor for shoulder and neck pain in a female working population. Sources of bias, such as interaction or study design, were discussed. UEMSDs were shown to be associated with psychosocial work factors in various studies where the job DCS model was addressed. Nonetheless, this review suggests that further studies should be conducted to much more clarify the association between UEMSDs and psychosocial factors.