• Journal of the Korean Society of Radiology
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.11-17
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• 2012

The purpose of this study is to measure and evaluate radiation dose on patients in interventional radiological(IVR) procedures classified by each procedure, and aid as data for safety management. Fluroscopy time(F-time), dose area product(DAP) and number of acquired images from each kind of procedure was checked. Non-vascular procedures showed low value, and vascular procedure showed high value in all procedures except in IVC filter. F-time was longest in EVAR, which showed also the highest DAP value of all procedures. DAP-rate showed high value in TACE. By this result, we attempt to establish standard guideline of radiation dose on patients in IVR procedure.

• Journal of the Korea Safety Management & Science
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.103-109
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• 2015

In this study, we quantitatively analyzed the data by measuring the radiation shielding rate and uniformity in order to evaluate the performance of an Apron. In addition, storage conditions were also evaluated. The uniformity measurement was performed by evaluating the Apron DICOM images using a PACS program. The experiment was intended for 51 Aprons being used in three hospitals in the Daejeon area. The radiation shielding rate and uniformity were measured per lead equivalent for 0.25 mmPb, 0.35 mmPb, and 0.5 mmPb. As a result, the higher lead equivalents were, the greater differences in the non-uniformity between the top part and the bottom part became (p=0.020). In all hospitals, regarding the non-uniformity of four places in Aprons, all showed statistically significant differences (p<0.01). The average value of the transmitted radiation dose showed less difference (p=0.005) in the bottom right than in the upper right but was statistically significant. There have been no marks of manufacturing date or the date of purchase in the Apron.

• Journal of Radiation Protection and Research
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• v.42 no.1
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• pp.1-8
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• 2017

Background: The use of radiation and radioisotopes in Korea has been increasing each year, and its impact on economy and industry is expected to be increasing progressively following the development of industrial technology and the expansion of their usage. To establish and supporting policies for industries using radiation and radioisotopes, it is necessary to check the status of related industries accurately, as well as to gather data required to establish plans for industrial development by studying both revenues and economic scale (contributing to revenue). Materials and Methods: To analyze the status of utilization, surveys were carried out on 6,621 organizations engaged in nuclear operations handling radiation and radioisotopes pursuant to the Nuclear Safety Act as of end 2014, on 33,471 medical institutions using radiation generators for medical and diagnostic purposes pursuant to the Medical Service Act, and on 2,218 organizations using radiation generators for animal diagnostics pursuant to the Veterinary License Act. Results and discussion: The overall status of the domestic radiation market including the number of user organizations, that of employees, and the size of distributions (imports, productions, and exports) with which the scale of domestic radiation market can be judged showed a growth trend compared to the previous year, though the number of employees for radiation operation in industrial sector, research sector, education sector, military sector, and power plants (nuclear power plants) and the size of imports was reduced somewhat. Conclusion: It is expected that data acquired through periodic surveys on the status of utilization would be utilized practically in establishing governmental policies related to the promotion of usage of radiation and radioisotopes, and also be utilized widely in cultivating and developing the industry efficiently to invigorate the related industries.

• Journal of radiological science and technology
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• v.29 no.3
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• pp.185-195
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• 2006

Purpose: This study investigated the status of radiation exposure doses since the establishment of the "Regulations on Safety Management of Diagnostic Radiation Generation Device" in January 6, 1995. Method: The level of radiation exposure in people engaged or having been engaged in radiation-related industries of inspection organizations, educational organizations, military units, hospitals, public health centers, businesses, research organizations or clinics over a 5 year period from Jan. 1, 2000 to Dec. 31, 2004 was measured. The 149,205 measurement data of 57,136 workers registered in a measurement organization were analysed in this study. Frequency analysis, a Chi-square test, Chi-square trend test, and ANOVA was used for data analysis. Results: Among 57,136, men were 40,870(71.5%). 50.3% of them were radiologic technologists, otherwise medical doctors(22.7%), nurse(2.9%) and others(24.1%). The average of depth radiation and surface radiation during the 5-year period were found to decrease each year. Both the depth radiation and surface radiation exposure were significantly higher in males, in older age groups, in radiological technologists of occupation. The departments of nuclear medicine had the highest exposure of both depth and surface radiation of the divisions of labor. There were 1.98 and 2.57 per 1,000 person-year were exposed more than 20 mSv(limit recommended by International Commission on Radiological Protection) in depth and surface radiation consequently. Conclusion: The total exposure per worker was siginifcantly decreased by year. But Careful awareness is needed for the workers who exposed over 20 mSv per year. In order to minimize exposure to radiation, each person engaged in a radiation-related industry must adhere to the individual safety management guidelines more thoroughly. In addition, systematic education and continuous guidance aimed at increasing the awareness of safety must be provided.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic Material Engineers Conference
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• 2009.06a
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• pp.426-426
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• 2009

Diagnostic X-ray system is general and basic medical equipment to be used in mostly medical organizations, but being bombed of radioactivity is a big weak point when irradiates a X-ray to the human body so that ICRP restricted the radiation exposure tolerance of the human body. In order to reduce being bombed, the many research and development is now advanced. A lots of diagnostic X-ray machines have currently used due to the increase of occurrence efficiency of X-ray and precisely the output control by using the inverter which is a high speed switching semiconductors. For getting the confidence of the X-ray machine, the same radiation occurrence, same evaluation, and same irradiation condition are necessary when evaluates X-ray irradiation. It is the most important part for the accuracy of the test result and the patient safety. This paper has produced the high voltage occurrence system of full-wave rectification method by using the LC resonance inverter, and evaluated the irradiation reproducibility in order to use it in diagnosis of the patient.

• The Journal of the Acoustical Society of Korea
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• v.16 no.1E
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• pp.9-14
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• 1997

Check valves used in industrial and Nuclear Power Plant safety systems are susceptible to failure modes generally associated with wear of internal parts. Specifically, hinge pins, disc studs, pistons, and other mechanical parts may degrade over time, and in some cases, may which might produce a disabling event leading to plant or process shutdown. The primary diagnostic technique in the past has been to disassemble the valves. This procedure is costly, time consuming, and in the nuclear industry, it can lead to radiation exposure in some situations. Additionally repair and reassembly of a valve does not ensure proper operation. Non-intrusive diagnostic technologies including acoustics and magnetics with a digital signal analysis allow to evaluate check valve performance without a disassembly and is able to help the user detect degraded valve conditions.

• Journal of the Korea Safety Management & Science
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.241-246
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• 2015

Generally a patient who was injected radiopharmaceuticals for nuclear medicine examination is not an object of isolation. Therefore, when the patient uses toilet, we expect surface contamination of a toilet by radioisotope. The measured value is $25.69Bq/cm^2$(a restroom near admission and administration), $19.39Bq/cm^2$(a toilet near department of radiology). The study shows that 9 of 24 locations in controlled area exceed over surface contamination limit. From now on, we should find source of contamination through measurement radioactive nuclide to apply radiation safety management.

• Journal of Radiation Protection and Research
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• v.34 no.1
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• pp.31-36
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• 2009

The purpose of this study is to measure the tube voltage, the tube current/volume, exposure time and exposure dose of diagnostic X-ray unit in each doctor offices, hospitals and general hospitals for evaluating the performance of such device, to learn the method and technology of its measurement and to suggest its importance. Research subjects were total 30 X-ray units and divided into groups of 10 X-ray units each. The tube voltage, the tube current/volume, exposure time and exposure dose were measured using percentage average error, and then reproducibility of exposure dose was measured through calculating coefficient of variation. The results are like followings; The tube voltage correctness examination showed that incongruent devices among total 30 X-ray units were 5 devices (16.7%). The tube current correctness examination showed that incongruent X-ray units were 3 devices (10.0%). The tube current volume correctness examination showed that incongruent X-ray units were 4 devices (13.3%). Finally, according to exposure time correctness examination, incongruent X-ray units were 5 devices (16.7%) and according to reproducibility examination of exposure dose, incongruent X-ray units were 7 devices (23.3%). Above results showed serious problem in performance management based on management regulation of diagnostic X-ray unit; it means that regular checkout and safety management are required, and as doing so, patients will be able to receive good quality of medical service by the reduction of radiation exposure time, image quality administration, unnecessary retake and etc. Therefore, this study suggests that the performance of diagnostic X-ray units should be checked regularly.

• Proceedings of the Safety Management and Science Conference
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• 2004.11a
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• pp.439-445
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• 2004

1895년에 독일 뢴트겐에 의해 발견된 이후 X선은 1896년부터 의료목적으로 사용된 기록이 있으며, 한국에 도입되어 진단용X선발생장치로서 환자 진료에 사용하기 시작한 역사는 1911년경부터 조선총독부의원과 세브란스의원에 도입되어 사용하게 되었다. 최근 의학 및 의용공학의 발전으로 방사선을 이용한 진단 기술의 발전과 건강에 대한 국민의 의료욕구가 증가함에 따라 방사선을 이용한 질병의 진단과 치료 방법에서 새로운 기법이 개발되고 그 이용은 지속적으로 증가되고 있는 추세이다. 방사선의 이용은 진단 및 치료에 중대한 이득을 제공하고 있으나 그 이면에는 최적화 및 정당화 되지 않은 방사선의 피폭으로 장애 및 유해요인이 초래되는 것은 부인할 수 없다. 이와 관련하여 방사선을 이용하여 검사 및 치료를 시행함에 있어 피폭선량 최적화를 위한 기술적 노력은 방사선 관계자의 막중한 의무이다.

• Imaging Science in Dentistry
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• v.54 no.1
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• pp.1-11
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• 2024

Purpose: This study was conducted to investigate the safety of dental imaging in pregnant women with respect to fetal health. Materials and Methods: Searches were conducted of the PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science databases in May 2023. The inclusion criteria encompassed cross-sectional and longitudinal studies that focused on the analysis of diagnostic dental imaging in pregnant women, as well as studies utilizing phantoms to simulate imaging examinations. The exclusion criteria consisted of reviews, letters to the editor, book chapters, and abstracts from scientific conferences and seminars. Results: A total of 3,913 articles were identified. Based on a review of the titles and abstracts, 3,892 articles were excluded, leaving 21 articles remaining for full-text review. Of these, 18 were excluded, and 4 additional articles were included as cross-references. Ultimately, 7 articles underwent quantitative-qualitative analysis. Three retrospective studies were focused on pregnant women who underwent dental imaging procedures. The remaining 4 studies utilized female phantoms to simulate imaging examinations and represent the radiation doses absorbed by the uterus or thyroid. Conclusion: Few dental radiology studies have been conducted to determine the safe radiation threshold for pregnant women. Additionally, the reviewed articles did not provide numbers of dental examinations, by type, corresponding to this dose. Dental imaging examinations of pregnant women should not be restricted if clinically indicated. Ultimately, practitioners must be able to justify the examination and should adhere to the "as low as diagnostically acceptable, being indication-oriented and patient-specific" (ALADAIP) principle of radioprotection.