• 한국안전학회지
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• 제37권1호
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• pp.78-87
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• 2022

In the risk assessment of urban railway systems, a hazard log is created by identifying hazards from accident and failure data. Then, based on a risk matrix, evaluators analyze the frequency and severity of the occurrence of the hazards, conduct the risk assessment, and then establish safety measures for the risk factors prior to risk control. However, because subjective judgments based on the evaluators' experiences affect the risk assessment results, a more objective and automated risk assessment system must be established. In this study, we propose a risk assessment model in which an adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system (ANFIS), which is combined in artificial neural networks (ANN) and fuzzy inference system (FIS), is applied to the risk assessment of urban railway systems. The newly proposed model is more objective and automated, alleviating the limitations of risk assessments that use a risk matrix. In addition, the reliability of the model was verified by comparing the risk assessment results and risk control priorities between the newly proposed ANFIS-based risk assessment model and the risk assessment using a risk matrix. Results of the comparison indicate that a high level of accuracy was demonstrated in the risk assessment results of the proposed model, and uncertainty and subjectivity were mitigated in the risk control priority.

• 국제학술발표논문집
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• The 7th International Conference on Construction Engineering and Project Management Summit Forum on Sustainable Construction and Management
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• pp.42-51
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• 2017

Due to the high degree of mechanization and the good environmental benefits, the prefabricated buildings are being promoted in China. The construction site layout of the prefabricated buildings has important influence on its safety benefit. However, few scholars have studied the safety problem on it. Firstly, in order to give a follow-up study foreshadowing the characteristics of prefabricated buildings are analyzed, the research assumptions are given and three types of safety buffers are established. And then a mult-objective model for the prefabricated buildings site layout is presented: taking into account the limits of noise, the coverage of the tower crane and the possibility of exceeding boundaries and overlapping, the constraints are and designed established respectively; Based on the improved System Layout Planning (SLP) method, the efficiency\cost\safety interaction matrices among the facilities are also founded for objective function. For the sake of convenience, a hypothetical facility layout case of the prefabricated building is used, the optimal solution of that is obtained in MATLAB with particle swarm algorithm (PSO), which proves the effectiveness of the model presented in this paper.

• Safety and Health at Work
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• 제2권3호
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• pp.260-272
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• 2011

Objectives: The promotion of health and safety (H&S) awareness among hospital staff can be applied through various methods. The aim of this study was to assess the risk level of physical hazards in the hospital sector by combining workers' perception, experts' evaluation and objective measurements. Methods: A cross-sectional study was designed using multiple triangulation. Hospital staff (n = 447) filled in an H&S questionnaire in a general hospital in Athens and an oncology one in Thessaloniki. Experts observed and filled in a checklist on H&S in the various departments of the two hospitals. Lighting, noise and microclimate measurements were performed. Results: The staff's perception of risk was higher than that of the experts in many cases. The measured risk levels were low to medium. In cases of high-risk noise and lighting, staff and experts agreed. Staff's perception of risk was influenced by hospital's department, hospital's service, years of working experience and level of education. Therefore, these factors should be taken into account in future studies aimed at increasing the participation of hospital workers. Conclusion: This study confirmed the usefulness of staff participation in the risk assessment process, despite the tendency for staff to overestimate the risk level of physical hazards. The combination of combining staff perception, experts' evaluation and objective measures in the risk assessment process increases the efficiency of risk management in the hospital environment and the enforcement of relevant legislation.

• 한국화재소방학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국화재소방학회 2008년도 추계학술논문발표회 논문집
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• pp.229-234
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• 2008

Performance based fire engineering design is being adopted around the world as a rationed means of providing efficient and effective fire safety in Building. This development is being supported by the adoption of performance based codes which specify the objective and minimum performance requirements for fire safety traditional design for fire safety which is still practiced in many countries, relies on "prescriptive" codes which specify how a building is to be built, which no statement of objective and little or no opportunity to offer more rational alterative design. It is the aim of this study to investigate and analyze the research direction of structural fire resistance design of steel structures for recommendation of PBD in Korea.

• 한국도로학회논문집
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• 제16권6호
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• pp.191-198
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• 2014

PURPOSES : Safety consciousness can be the first factor to hinder the acceptance of design alternative, which moderates the applied design criteria in order to adapt the road to the natural terrain condition. METHODS : The method which enables to check the safety of design alternative by using design consistency concept is suggested. The method is based on the linked or interactive analysis between terrain and road alignment. Real design example is considered as a guide how to apply the method and the analysis result is discussed with the future research. RESULTS : Suggested method can be used for designers as a tool to review their design outputs can be safe as much as the original design. So, designers have the more objective judgement on their designs and have the confidence on their designs. CONCLUSIONS : The method is expected to be used as a tool to see the safety consciousness in an objective view, so any possible conflicts between designers and design-related personnels caused by the terrain-oriented design can be solved.

• 한국건축시공학회지
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• 제8권4호
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• pp.71-77
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• 2008

Earthwork is very equipment-intensive task and researches related to automated excavation have been conducted. There is an issue to secure the safety for an automated excavating system. Therefore, this paper focuses on how to improve safety for semi- or fully-automated backhoe excavation. The primary objective of this research is to develop the core technology for automated object detection in excavation work. In order to satisfy the research objective, a diverse sensing technologies are investigated and analysed in terms of functions, durability, and reliability. The authors developed detecting algorithm for the objects using laser sensor and verified its performance by several tests. The results of this study would be the basis for developing the automated object detection system.

• 한국안전학회지
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• 제35권1호
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• pp.25-33
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• 2020

In most plant layout optimization researches, MILP(Mixed Integer Linear Programming) problems, in which the objective function includes the costs of pipelines connecting process equipment and cost associated with safety issues, have been employed. Based on these MILP problems, various optimization solvers have been applied to investigate the optimal solutions. To consider safety issues on the objective function of MILP problems together, the accurate information about the impact and the frequency of potential accidents in a plant should be required to evaluate the safety issues. However, it is really impossible to obtain accurate information about potential accidents and this limitation may reduce the reliability of a plant layout problem. Moreover, in real industries such as plant engineering companies, the plant layout is previously fixed and the considerations of various safety instruments and systems have been performed to guarantee the plant safety. To reflect these situations, the two step optimization problems have been designed in this study. The first MILP model aims to minimize the costs of pipelines and the land size as complying sufficient spaces for the maintenance and safety. After the plant layout is determined by the first MILP model, the optimal locations of blast walls have been investigated to maximize the mitigation impacts of blast walls. The particle swarm optimization technique, which is one of the representative sampling approaches, is employed throughout the consideration of the characteristics of MILP models in this study. The ethylene oxide plant is tested to verify the efficacy of the proposed model.

• 한국국방경영분석학회지
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• 제15권2호
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• pp.160-169
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• 1989

This study is concerned with the loss rate calculation for evaluating the safety of aircraft series. The objective of this study is to provide the estimation method of safety for the determination of aircraft series, when the aircraft is directly purchased off-the-shelf or co-produced. Especially, in case the initial operation capabilities of alternative aircrafts are substantially different, this research proposes the modified cumulative average method which can effectively estimate the safety of aircraft.

• 국제학술발표논문집
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• The 6th International Conference on Construction Engineering and Project Management
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• pp.255-258
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• 2015

Scaffolds are frequently used in construction projects. Despite the impact on the entire safety, scaffolds are rarely analyzed as part of the safety planning. While recent advances in BIM (Building Information Modeling) provides opportunity to address potential safety issues in the early planning stages, it is still labor-intensive and challenging to incorporate scaffolds into current manual jobsite safety analysis which is time-consuming and error-prone. Consequently, potential safety hazards related to scaffolds are identified and presented during the construction phase. The objective of this research is to integrate scaffolds into automated safety analysis using BIM. A safety checking system was created to simulate the movements of scaffolds along the paths of crews using the scaffolds. Algorithms in the system automatically identify safety hazards related to activities working on scaffolds. Then, the system was implemented in a commercially available BIM software program for case studies. The results show that the algorithms successfully identified safety hazards that were not noticed by project managers of the projects. The results were visualized in BIM to facilitate early safety communications.

• 한국자동차공학회논문집
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• 제15권4호
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• pp.161-170
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• 2007

As one of the major handling performances of the vehicle and tire, the steering feel is very important in the high speed where safety and refinement is a major concern for the drivers. This paper presents both subjective and objective techniques for the assessment of the steering feel including the on-center feel and steering response. For this, subjective evaluation method of the steering feel was studied at first and then objective parameters were selected by considering the process by which the steering feel is evaluated subjectively. From statistical analysis of subjective and objective data for the several vehicles and professional drivers, it was found that the subjective assessment of the steering feel could be successfully explained by means of the suggested objective parameters. Also, the main objective parameters related to the subjective assessment of the steering feel could be found.