• 대한안전경영과학회지
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• 제10권4호
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• pp.47-56
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• 2008

This study suggest a way to improve duty process of KTX(Korea Train Express) high-speed train driver. A new operating system which based on safety was introduced to operate high-speed train which travel above 300km/h on the high-speed railroad but below 200km/h on the general railroad. There were some studies on the operation of high-speed train which travel on the high-speed railroad and on the general railroad with safety. However they overlooked the elements of human errors. The duty-load of KTX train driver's 14 basic operation processes was measured using NASA-TLX and found four processes with high duty-load. In this paper, critical tasks of the high duty-load processes are determined using a questionnaire. Some suggestions which include the improvement of facilities, operating system and operating skill are proposed to lighten duty-load of the critical tasks. The validity of the proposed new task processes is demonstrated by making question to KTX train driver. To use this results cost-benefit analysis, hazards analysis etc. should be performed additionally.

• 자동차안전학회지
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• 제14권4호
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• pp.100-105
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• 2022

Oblique car to car frontal impact is quite common on the road and series of studies have been done to realize this in the lab. At a certain angle of oblique crash a car (ego) is to travel at a speed of xkm/h to hit the other car(traffic) which is approaching to ego at a speed of ykm/h. Symmetry of the speed of two vehicles, x vs. y, is studied with respect to the impulse of the ego vehicle as well as occupant injury. If there is symmetry of speed of two vehicles, number of case studies needed to analyze the oblique frontal impact may decrease: ex. in the case of 30degree oblique crash 40km/h (ego) / 80km/h (traffic) will show the similar behavior as 80km/h (ego) / 40km/h (traffic) crash.

• 한국철도학회논문집
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• 제4권3호
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• pp.116-122
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• 2001

As freight traffic becomes heavier, the high speed of existing freight cars is essential, instead of the construction of a new railway. The high speed can be achieved by the modifications of freight bogie design. In this paper, an analytical model of freight bogie is developed to decide the critical speed. The dynamic responses of the analytical model are compared with the experimental data from a running test of freight bogie and showed good agreements between them. The analytical model is used to find the design of freight bogie. The parameter studies show that the reduction of wheelset mass ratio and the increase of the axle distance of freight bogie can increase the critical speed, but the primary lateral stiffness has little effects on the critical speed. And this study also shows that smaller wheel conicity deteriorates the running safety of freight car, which means that the overhauling of the wheel of freight bogie should be done regularly.

• 한국안전학회지
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• 제25권6호
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• pp.40-46
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• 2010

To protect press operator from the after-reach hazard, current Ministry of Labor Notification(MOLN) requires the use of a formula for calculating the safe distance away from the point of operation for locating press protective devices, Two Hand Control Devices(THCD) and Active Opto-Electronic Protective Devices(AOPD), on a power press. This formula is based on a same hand speed constant of 160cm/s. While EN standards use different hand speed constant for THCD and AOPD respectively. The objective of this study is to compare two guidelines on the hand speed constant published by MOLN and EN 692, also to propose a proper hand speed constant and validate it experimentally. As a experimental result, it could be known that hand speed constant of Ministry of Labor Notification should be improved as that of EN standards.

• 대한토목학회논문집
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• 제41권4호
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• pp.405-416
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• 2021

최근 전국적으로 시행을 추진하고 있는 안전속도 5030 정책은 이동성의 저하 및 통행 불편 등으로 인해 일부 시민들의 불만이 증가하는 경향을 보여 정책을 성공적으로 추진하기 위해서는 교통사고, 통행속도 등 정량적인 정책평가 기준에서 벗어나 도로를 이용하는 시민들의 다양한 의견을 수렴하는 것이 중요하다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 도로를 이용하는 시민을 운전자 집단과 비운전자 집단으로 분류하고 이를 대상으로 안전속도 5030 정책 시행에 따른 제한속도의 적정성 평가와 도로서비스 질의 만족도 평가(MDS), 중요도-만족도 분석(IPA) 등 시민의식 분석을 실시하였다. 시민의식 분석결과, 도로서비스 질 중에 특히, 이동성, 경제성, 환경성에 대한 만족도가 낮게 나타났는데, 이에 만족도가 낮은 도로를 대상으로 제한속도와 도로서비스 질의 개선방안을 제시하여 안전속도 5030 정책의 성공적 추진을 도모하고자 하였다.

• 한국철도학회논문집
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• 제12권6호
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• pp.983-988
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• 2009

기존선 속도향상 시에 주행안전성을 고려한 기존선 구간별 최대 운행가능속도에 대한 실용적인 기준 을 제시하여 기존선의 곡선부 및 완화곡선부 통과 시 속도를 향상시켜야 한다. 본 연구에서는 탈선의 위험도가 높은 곡선부 통과하는 열차의 고속향상을 도모하기 위하여 실제 선로조건인 남성현-청도 상 하행 구간에서의 곡선부 구간별 통과시 주행안전성에 미치는 영향을 살펴보았다. 곡선반경별 주행속도를 실제 선로 조건에서의 기존 속도 대비 5-20% 향상시켜 주행안전성 해석을 수행하였다. 주행안전성 해석 결과, 기존 주행속도 대비 약 15% 이하의 속도조건에서는 탈선 계수와 윤중감소율이 허용기준 이내로 나타나 남성현-청도 상 하행 전 구간 내에서 속도 향상의 가능성을 확인할 수 있었다.

• 한국안전학회지
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• 제34권1호
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• pp.90-97
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• 2019

This study is aiming to compare stair ascent transportation speed and physical burden of evacuation supporters according to the types of stair ascent transportation for vulnerable people experimentally. In this study, we measured heart rate of the supporters to indicate physical burden during the transportation. The subjects of this experiment were male students, age of 20-26. Experimental conditions were the ways of stair transportation and the weight of vulnerable people. The types of stair transportation were giving a piggyback ride and carrying a wheelchair. Each experimental trial was video-recorded for measurement of ascent speed and observing supporters movement. As a result of the experiment, as for the ascent transportation speed by piggyback ride from the first floor to the fourth floor, the average speed of the light case is 31 seconds and for the heavy case is 43 seconds. When it comes to the average speed of wheelchair transportation's average speed the light case is 1 minute and 11 seconds and the heavy case is 1 minute and 49 seconds. Therefore, it was indicated that when the weight of a vulnerable people is lighter, the transportation speed is faster. The heart rates of evacuation supporters are different depending on transportation methods or individual's condition but as repetitive transportation increases, they tend to reach the maximum heart rates.

• 한국철도학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국철도학회 2011년도 춘계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.132-139
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• 2011

ATP(Automatic Train Protection) system in railroad signalling system is on-board signalling system which is controlled by train control information such as location and speed of trains. Safety is ensured by transmitting the train control information between on-board and wayside device in the ATP system. When an engineer disregards the speed limit on a tachometer, the train is automatically stopped by the on-board device. Recently, the studies of increasing speed of the train have been developed. Eurobalise in ERTMS/ETCS system is used in case that speed of trains is up to 500[km/h]. A study of safety braking distance is needed by increasing the speed of train in the ATP system. Train data and track data are required to calculate the safety braking distance. The train data includes formations of trains, length of trains, service brake and emergency brake etc. Also, the track data includes slope of track, curve of track, length of track, speed limit etc. In this paper, the speed profile is computed by analyzing the train and track data in the ATP system. It is demonstrated by applying to subway line 2 in Seoulmetro through the on-site test.

• 해양환경안전학회지
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• 제28권2호
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• pp.254-261
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• 2022

모든 선박은 충돌을 피하기 위해 안전속력을 준수하여야 하고, 우리나라 영해 및 내수에서 속력의 제한규칙을 준수하여야 한다. 그리고 선박교통관제사는 선박이 안전속력과 속력의 제한규칙을 준수하도록 적절히 관제하여야 한다. 국제해상충돌예방규칙에서 안전속력은 선박이 명시적으로 몇 노트의 속력으로 항행하여야 하는지 규정하고 있지 않다. 반면에 국내법에서는 교통안전특정해역 등에서 제한속력을 지정하여 이를 준수하도록 하고 있다. 이 속력의 제한규칙은 주로 대지속력을 기준으로 하고 있으나, 대수속력을 기준으로 하는 곳도 있다. 이 논문은 최근 5년간 발생한 해양사고와 제한속력 위반율에 대해 분석하였고, 국제해상충돌예방규칙상 안전속력, 국내외법상 속력의 제한규칙 및 해양안전심판원 재결 중 안전속력을 준수하지 아니한 사례에 대해 살펴보았다. 그 결과, 이 논문에서는 국내법상 속력의 제한규칙이 선박에서 해양사고 예방을 위해 반드시 준수되어야 한다는 것과 선박이 이 규칙을 준수하기 쉽고, 선박교통관제사가 선박을 적절히 관제할 수 있도록 대수속력으로 규정된 속력의 제한규칙을 대지속력으로 개정할 필요가 있다는 것을 제시하였다.

• Child Health Nursing Research
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• 제7권1호
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• pp.118-140
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• 2001

The purpose of this study was to measure the effect of safety education program in preschool children for accident prevention and improve their health through more systematic method. Data were collected from 584 preschoolers(247 preschooler are assigned to experimental group and 337 preschoolers are assinged to control group) from 4 to 6 years old using APP paper test which consists of questions and drawings. To experimental group, safety education were done 4 times within the time of 30 minutes per 1 time using education books, drawings, OHP. The findings of this study are as follows: 1. There were significant difference in movement(χ²=18.732, p=.0000), behavioral character(χ²=27.785, p=.000), synthetic judgement(χ²=12.02, p=0.002). So, safety education program have effect on preschooler. 2. In the accident proneness on preschooler between experimental group and control group according to general characteristics, it proved significant difference in the case of accident prevention education were done, reasoning power(χ²=10.48, p=.005), movement speed(χ²=7.341, p=.025) and behavioral character(χ²=18.86, p=.000), in the case of housing pattern is private house(individual house, yard?), reasoning power(χ²=6.683, p=.035), movement speed(χ²=12.76, p= .002) and behavioral character(χ²=12.24, p=.002), in the case of housing pattern is mixed-type, movement speed(χ²=6.935, p= .031) and behavioral character(χ²=10.816, p=.004), in the case of housing pattern is over six stories, movement speed(χ²=7.543, p=.023), in the case of subjects' age is 4 years old, movement speed(χ²=16.5, p= .000) and behavioral character(χ²=12.18, p=.002), in the case of subjects' age is 5 years old, movement speed(χ²=7.519, p= .023), watchfulness(χ²=6.372, p=.041), behavioral character(χ²=14.74, p=0.001) and synthetic judgement(χ²=14.5, p=.001), in the case of subjects' sex is male, life safety(χ²=6.406, p=.041), movement speed(χ²=22.86, p= .000), behavioral character(χ²=13.72, p= .001) and synthetic judgement(χ²=13.82, p=.001), in the case of subjects' sex is female, reasoning power(χ²=12.57, p=.002) and behavioral character(χ²=13.16, p= .001), in the case of childrens have past accidental experience, traffic safety(χ²= 6.683, p=.035), in the case of childrens have no past accidental experience, reasoning power(χ²=8.384, p=.015), movement speed(χ²=20.6, p=.000), behavioral character(χ²=25.1, p=.000) and synthetic judgement(χ² =10.79, p=.005), in the case of children's order is first, reasoning power(χ²=11.15, p=.004), movement speed(χ²=11.92, p= .003) and behavioral character(χ²=7.003, p=.030), in the case of children's order is second, movement speed(χ²=6.694, p= .035), behavioral character(χ²=26.9, p= .000) and synthetic judgement(χ²=14.3, p= .001), in the case of nuclear family, reasoning power(χ²=8.777, p=.012), movement speed(χ²=19.0, p=.000), behavioral character (χ²=26.4, p=0.000) and synthetic judgement (χ²=9.999, p=.007), in the case of mothers' school career is under high school graduate, life safety(χ²=8.023, p=.018), movement speed(χ²=10.99, p=.004) and behavioral character(χ²=6.777, p=.034), in the case of mothers' school career is beyond college graduate, reasoning power(χ²=6.717, p= .035), movement speed(χ²=8.963, p=.011), behavioral character(χ²=25.03, p=.000) and synthetic judgement(χ²=15.19, p=.001), in the case of mothers' age ranged 31-34, movement speed(χ²=12.29, p=.002) and behavioral character(χ²=14.17, p=.001), in the case of mothers' age ranged 35-39, movement speed(χ²=9.859, p=.007), behavioral character(χ²=9.095, p=.011) and synthetic judgement(χ²=7.810, p=.020), in the case of mothers' age is over 40, life safety(χ² =5.593, p=.025), in the case of mothers' job is full-time, traffic safety(χ²=6.032, p=.049) and reasoning power(χ²=8.502, p= .014), in the case of mothers' job is part- time., movement speed(χ²=10.99, p=.004) and behavioral character(χ²=7.895, p= .019), in the case of mothers have no job, movement speed(χ²=6.410, p=.041), movement stability(χ²=6.879, p=.032), behavioral character(χ²=27.72, p=.000) and synthetic judgement(χ²=18.11, p=.000). The difference of accident proneness between experimental group and control group according to general characterists, it also showed that there were significant difference in behavioral character compared to other area.. From this findings, we can guess that safety education program change and guide preschoolers' behavioral character to desirable direction.