• Title/Summary/Keyword: Safety Engineering

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A Study on Emission Properties of Green House Gas on Duration Combustion of Constructive Wood Materials (건축용 목재의 연소시 지구온난화 가스의 배출특성에 관한 연구)

  • An, Hyung-Hwan
    • Journal of the Korean Institute of Gas
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    • v.22 no.6
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    • pp.123-128
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    • 2018
  • MDF was treated on the surface of MDF with fire retardant lacquer, water-soluble flame retardant coat and water-soluble wood cover on the MDF wood, and the pyrolysis characteristics and the atmospheric noxious gas generation characteristics were investigated by using the large capacity thermal analyzer. As a result of investigating pyrolysis and combustion gas generation characteristics after treatment of 0.11 / 11.55 g in terms of mass ratio, it was found that combustion starting time was slightly longer than that of pure MDF in the case of treatment with fire retardant lacquer. The combustion temperature was increased from $340^{\circ}C$ to $450^{\circ}C$. The pyrolysis and combustion gas generation characteristics of the MDF wood treated with the aqueous flame retardant coat showed the changes in combustion starting time and temperature from $260^{\circ}C$ to $542^{\circ}C$ for about 26 minutes at the mass ratio of 0.13 / 11g. Also, when the commercially available waterproof wood cover was treated with 0.13 / 11.55 g of MDF, the sudden weight change tended to increase from $300^{\circ}C$ to $370^{\circ}C$ and showed a second change at approximately $500^{\circ}C$.

A study on the field application of high strength steel pipe reinforcement grouting (고강도 강관 보강 그라우팅의 현장 적용성에 관한 연구)

  • Shin, Hyunkang;Jung, Hyuksang;Ryu, Yongsun;Kim, Donghoon
    • Journal of Korean Tunnelling and Underground Space Association
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    • v.21 no.4
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    • pp.455-478
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    • 2019
  • In this paper, we conducted experimental investigation on the field applicability through the verification of reinforcement effect of the steel pipe reinforcement grouting using high strength steel pipe. SGT275 (formerly known as STK400) steel pipe is generally applied to the traditional steel pipe reinforcement grouting method. However, the analysis of tunnel collapse cases applying the steel pipe reinforcement grouting shows that there are cases where the excessive bending and breakage of steel pipe occur. One of the reasons causing these collapses is the lack of steel pipe stiffness responding to the loosening load of tunnels caused by excavation. The strength of steel pipe has increased due to the recent development of high strength steel pipe (SGT550). However, since research on the reinforcement method considering strength increase is insufficient, there is a need for research on this. Therefore, in this study, we conducted experiments on the tensile and bending strength based on various conditions between high strength steel pipe, and carried out basic research on effective field application depending on the strength difference of steel pipe through the conventional design method. In particular, we verified the reinforcement effect of high strength steel pipe through the measurement results of deformed shape and stress of steel pipe arising from excavation after constructing high strength steel pipe and general steel pipe at actual sites. The research results show that high strength steel pipe has excellent bending strength and the reinforcement effect of reinforced grouting. Further, it is expected that high strength steel pipe will have an arching effect thanks to strength increase.

Analyses of Structural Performances for Reinforced Concrete Middle-Rise Residential Building under Construction (중층 규모 철근콘크리트 주거형 건물의 시공 중 구조성능 분석)

  • Ko, Jun-Young;Kim, Jae-Yo
    • Journal of the Korea institute for structural maintenance and inspection
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    • v.23 no.5
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    • pp.96-103
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    • 2019
  • Middle-rise reinforced concrete residential buildings account for a large portion of the Korea, and structural performance analysis are needed for problems that could occur during the construction of such buildings. Thus, a middle-rise reinforced concrete residential building with 25 stories are selected as a sample model for structural performance analysis. The structural analyses are performed by dividing a sample model into the construction stage models of the 5th, 10th, 15th, 20th and 25th floors and the completion stage models with the design completed. For the comparisons of structural performances, Eigenvalue analysis results and lateral-load-resisting capabilities and structural design performances of structural members are analyzed. As a result of analyses, it was confirmed that both the construction and completion stage do not exceed KBC criteria limits at the lateral displacement and story drift ratio, and structural design performances of structural members confirm structural safety in all components except for some members of the wall. Therefore, it was concluded that if structural stability is obtained during the completion stage of a middle-rise reinforced concrete residential building, structural stability is secured under construction.

A Study on the Electrical Conductivity and Electromagnetic Shielding of High Performance Fiber Reinforced Cementitious Composites(HPFRCC) (고성능 시멘트 복합체의 전기전도도 및 전자파 특성 시험 평가)

  • Lee, Nam-Kon;Park, Gi-Joon;Park, Jung-Jun;Kim, Sung-Wook
    • Journal of the Korea institute for structural maintenance and inspection
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    • v.23 no.2
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    • pp.37-43
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    • 2019
  • This study investigated electrical conductivity, electromagnetic shielding effectiveness, and mechanical property to improve electromagnetic shielding performance of high performance fiber reinforced cementitious composites (HPFRCC). Steel fiber, steel slag and carbon black as a conductive material were incorporated into the HPFRCC mixes. In addition, 2% CNT solution which was produced by dispersing multi-wall carbon nanotube (MWCNT) into water was used as a conductive material. In the test results, electrical conductivity of HPFRCC specimens was very low except for the specimen incorporating 1% carbon black. Micro structure of cement matrix was changed as the curing time increased, which negatively affected the conductive network of HPFRCC. In case of HC1 specimen showing a conductive network (0.083 S/cm), the electrical conductivity of the specimen after being dried at $60^{\circ}C$ for 72 hours to exclude the effect of water on electrical conductivity was significantly reduced to 0.0003 S/cm. The most important parameter of electromagnetic shielding effect was found to be a steel fiber while the effect of carbon black and steel slag was very few. The correlation between electrical conductivity and electromagnetic shielding effect does not seem to be clear.

Shear Strength of SFRC Deep Beam with High Strength Headed Reinforcing Tensile Bars (고강도 확대머리 인장철근을 가지는 SFRC 깊은 보의 전단강도)

  • Kim, Young-Rok;Lee, Chang-Yong;Kim, Seung-Hun
    • Journal of the Korea institute for structural maintenance and inspection
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    • v.23 no.5
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    • pp.111-117
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    • 2019
  • Shear experiments were carried out to evaluate shear performance of SFRC deep beams with end-anchorage of SD600 high strength headed reinforcing tensile bars. The experimental variables include the end-anchorage methods of tensile bars (headed bar, straight bar), the end-anchorage lengths, and the presence of shear reinforcement. Specimens with a shear span ratio of 1 showed a pattern of the shear compression failure with the slope cracks progressed after the initial bending crack occurred. Specimens with end-anchorage of headed bars (H-specimens) showed a larger shear strengths of 5.6% to 22.4% compared to straight bars (NH-specimens). For H-specimens, bearing stress reached 0.9 to 17.2% of the total stress of tensile bars up to 75% of the maximum load, and reached 22.4% to 46%. This shows that the anchorage strength due to the bearing stress of headed bars has a significant effect on shear strength. The experimental shear strength was 2.68 to 4.65 times the theoretical shear strength by the practical method, and the practical method was evaluated as the safety side.

Mechanical Properties and Impact Resistance Review of Carbon Fiber Reinforced Cement Composites with Different Fiber Contents and Fiber Lengths (섬유혼입률 및 섬유길이 변화에 따른 탄소섬유 보강시멘트 복합재료의 역학적 특성과 내충격성 검토)

  • Heo, Gwang-Hee;Song, Ki-Chang;Park, Jong-Gun;Han, Yoon-Jung;Lim, Cae-Young
    • Journal of the Korea institute for structural maintenance and inspection
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    • v.23 no.4
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    • pp.86-95
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    • 2019
  • Recently, the applications of carbon fiber have been broader than ever when it comes to such industrials as automobiles, ships, aerospace, civil engineering and architecture because of their lightweight-ness and high mechanical properties. This study analyzed mechanical properties and flexural behavior of carbon fiber reinforced cement composites(CFRC) with different fiber contents and fiber lengths, and also impact resistance by natural drop test on mortar specimens was compared and examined. In addition, contents of carbon fiber(CF) were varied by 0.5%, 1.0%, 2.0% and 3.0%. Fiber lengths was used for 6 mm and 12 mm, respectively. As a result of the test, the flow value was very disadvantageous in terms of fluidity due to the carbon fiber ball phenomenon, and the unit weight was slightly reduced. In particular, the compressive strength was decreased with increasing carbon fiber contents. On the other hand, the flexural strength was the highest with 12 mm fiber length and 2% fiber content. As the results of the impact resistance test, the specimens of plain mortar takes about 2~3 times to final fracture, while the specimens of CFRC is somewhat different depending on the increase of the fiber contents. However, when the fiber length is 12 mm and the fiber content is 2%, the impact resistance was the highest.

Seismic Fragility Analysis of Rahmen-type Continuous Bridge Supported by High Piers (고교각으로 지지된 라멘형 연속교의 지진취약도 분석)

  • Kang, Pan-Seung;Hong, Ki-Nam;Yeon, Yeong-Mo
    • Journal of the Korea institute for structural maintenance and inspection
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    • v.23 no.5
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    • pp.84-95
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    • 2019
  • This paper reports the process of seismic fragility analysis for the rahman-type continuous bridge system. The target structure was the five span highway bridge with maximum pier hight of 72m. OpenSees software was used for the nonlinear time history analysis. In this study, 50 ground motions are considered for nonlinear time history analysis. For each ground motion, PGA was scaled from 0.1g to 2.0g with intervals of 0.1g in order to consider a wide range of the seismic intensity measure. In addition, yield displacement and ultimate displacement of each pier were calculated through section analysis. Based on the result of non linear time history analysis and section analysis, damage condition of target bridge was classified according to the definition of damage condition proposed by Barbat et al. As a result, it was predicted that Extensive Damage occurred at P1 when 0.731 g earthquake occurred in the longitudinal direction. Based on the seismic fragility analysis results, it is found that the probability of occurrence of Extensive Damage in the 4,800 - year period earthquake was about 4.2%. Therefore the target bridge has enough safety for earthquake.

A Biomechanics-Based Ergonomic Analysis for Footware Development (풋웨어 개발을 위한 생체역학 기반 인간공학적 분석 : B-boy 신발 개발을 중심으로)

  • Hah, Chong-Ku;Jang, Young-Kwan;Kim, Jin-Hyun
    • Journal of Convergence for Information Technology
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    • v.9 no.8
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    • pp.140-147
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    • 2019
  • The purpose of this study is to find biomechanical parameters for optimal shoes production through an ergonomic usability assessment of five existing types of shoes preferred by B-BOY. Ten experts and ten non-experts participated in the experiment, and 12 infrared cameras (Qualis, Oqus), force plate (Kistler, 9286AA) and foot pressure plate (Zebris Gmbh, Zebris PDM-System) were used to obtain the data. The results of the study are as follows. First, P shoes with a friction coefficient of 0.38 and a free moment of 0.32 N/m/kg are desirable in terms of traction capability and safety. Second, on the cushion, it was found that the N shoes 2.51 N, sec/kg and non-expert, and 2.86 N and sec/kg were suitable. Third, it is deemed appropriate for C shoes with a forefoot average pressure of 10.11 KPa (right), 10.05 KPa (left), and V shoes with a rearfoot average pressure of 8.4 KPa (right) and 8.36 KPa (left). In conclusion, the combination of the structure and material of V shoes should be developed for traction and stability, N shoes for cushion, and walking balance for C and V shoes.

System Software Design of Computed Tomography Radiation Dose Management (컴퓨터 단층촬영(CT) 방사선 노출 관리 시스템 소프트웨어 설계)

  • Yang, Yu-mi;Lee, Kil-hung;Cho, Sang-wook
    • Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
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    • 2014.05a
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    • pp.489-492
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    • 2014
  • This thesis provides the design of system software for the management of radiation dose that is generated using computer tomography(CT). Because radiation exposure is different depending on the difference in sensitivity to each part for each of the patient's body, if we will be able to manage an appropriate amount of radiation, it is possible to estimate the radiation exposure of the patient as a result. Recently, radiation leakage incident of Japanese nuclear power plant was in the news internationally and there is a growing interest not only a nuclear power plant, to medical radiation exposure. In spite of the fact that currently safety management of radiation is under control only the workers of the radiation involved, exposure management of patients until now have been required. Surgery and inspection using the radiation in Korea will increase, due to this medical exposure has increased, but it is a reality that medical institution don't know the level of radiation exposure applied to the patient. Therefore a system for managing the radiation exposure of the patient from the medical institution is required. This paper proposes a design of a software program to manage the radiation exposure of CT is an typical imaging tool to use the radiation in the medical institution. By check the amount of radiation dose and set the limit of dose, we would help to optimize the medical exposure of the patient.

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Analytical Research on Dynamic Behavior of Steel Composite Lower Railway Bridge (강합성 하로 철도교의 동적거동에 대한 해석적 연구)

  • Jeong, Young-Do;Koh, Hyo-In;Kang, Yun-Suk;Eom, Gi-Ha;Yi, Seong-Tae
    • Journal of the Korea institute for structural maintenance and inspection
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    • v.23 no.1
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    • pp.27-35
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    • 2019
  • The existing middle-long span railway bridge has been mainly applied to steel box girder bridges. However, the steel box girder bridges have disadvantages in securing the space under the bridge, and the main girder is made of a thin plate box shape, resulting in a ringing noise due to the vibration. Many complaints about noise have been raised. For this reason, there is a need for the development of long railway bridges that can replace steel box girder bridges. In this paper, the characteristics of the steel composite railway bridge currently developed were introduced and a time history analysis was conducted using MIDAS Civil reflecting the speed of KTX load for 40m and 50m bridges. In addition, from the analysis results, the dynamic behavior of target bridges were verified and it was examined whether they meet the dynamic performance criteria proposed in the railway design standards. As a result, all of the bridges under review satisfied the dynamic safety criteria, however, in case of 40m of span, the vertical acceleration value was very large. In order to solve this problem, authors proposed the improvement plan and corrected the cross section to confirm that the vertical acceleration decreased.