• Journal of the Korean Institute of Gas
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.22-27
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• 2009

Recently Urban Gas Business Companies have been allowed to construct High Pressure Natural Gas pipelines, if they adopt the Risk Reduction Measures(RRMs) recommended by Korea Gas Safety Corporation(KGS) after safety assessment. This paper presents a Cost Benefit Analysis(CBA) method, when KGS performs safety assessment and recommends RRMs to Safety Appraisal Committee, to help the Committee make judgements on whether the proposed RRMs are reasonably practicable. We carried out quantitative risk assessment to high pressure natural gas pipelines as a case study and analysed cost benefit for the suggested RRMs. In conclusion, we found out the presented CBA method using PF was proper in Korea.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Gas
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• v.16 no.6
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• pp.80-86
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• 2012

From 1982, the Korean Ministry of Employment and Labor has executed the risk assessment regulation for manufacturing industries. When a manufacturing company install, transfer, or modify the major facilities, the program inspects and verifies safety of the working place to ensure safety against risks. This study performed cost-benefit analysis of the program for the eight industrial categories that were free from the program. The cost-benefit analysis is the basic method to estimate the effect of the policy execution, and used to justify the policy effectiveness. As a result, there is the biggest benefit in the manufacture of basic metal products and then motor vehicles, trailers and semitrailers, other manufacturing, other machinery and equipment, wood products of wood and cork, rubber and plastic products, food products, furniture in order. Thus the hazard prevention program should be applied into the 8 industrial categories in order to strengthen national competitiveness, protect labors's safety, reduce the social cost and improve the welfare.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Gas
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• v.8 no.3 s.24
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• pp.37-42
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• 2004

This study established a catastrophic scenario and a likely scenario by qualitative and quantitative risk assessments to consider climate condition with season, and assessed efficiency of safety management cost with scenarios by cost-benefit analysis. As results, the catastrophic scenario was the maintenance error for unsteady state operation, and the likely scenario was the gas release accident at node $\sharp$4 of HAZOP Also, benefit/cost ratios for total safety management cost and effective items of safety management could be assessed at each scenario.

• Journal of Korean Society for Quality Management
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• v.44 no.4
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• pp.869-881
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• 2016

Purpose: The objective of this study is to verify the economic validation of quality management integrated train freight car by analyzing economic evaluation indicators such as benefit and cost, net present value, and inter rate of return. Methods: First, we itemize benefit and cost field by reviewing literatures; Benefit consists of 1)Safety, 2)Operation, and 3)Maintenance; Cost consists of 1)Set-up fee, 2)Wireless internet fee, and 3)Cloud storage using fee. Second, based on these estimated values, we conduct an economic evaluation analysis. Among them, benefit and cost, net present value, and internal rate of return are selected. Results: As a result, all estimated values are highly over criterion of economic validity($$B/C{\geq}_-1$$, $$NPV{\geq}_-0$$, $$IRR{\geq}_-R$$); 1)benefit over cost ratio is 28.22, 2)Net present value is 8,121.66million KRW, and 3)Internal rate of return value is 2272%. Conclusion: The findings of this study will help making a decision when train industry adopts IoT technology for improving the effectiveness.

• Journal of Korean Society of Occupational and Environmental Hygiene
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.134-145
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• 2015

Objectives: An objective of this study was to perform a risk assessment and social cost-benefit analysis for revising permissible exposure limits for seven substances: Nickel(Insoluble inorganic compounds), benzene, carbon disulfide, formaldehyde, cadmium(as compounds), trichloroethylene, touluene-2,4-diisocyanate. Materials and Methods: The research methods were divided into risk and hazard assessment and cost-benefit analysis. The risk and hazard assessment for the seven substances consists of four steps: An overview of GHS MSDS(1st), review of document of ACGIH's TLVs (2nd), comparison between international occupational exposure limits and domestic permissible exposure limits(3rd), and analysis of excess workplace and excess rate for occupational exposure limits based on previous work environment measurement data(4th). Total cost was estimated using cost of local exhaust ventilation, number of excess workplace and penalties for exceeding a permissible exposure limit. On the other hand, total benefit was calculated using the reduction rate of occupational disease, number of workplaces treating each substance and industrial accident compensation. Finally, the net benefit was calculated by subtracting total cost from total benefit. Results: All the substances investigated in this study were classified by CMR(Carcinogens, Mutagens or Reproductive toxicants) and their international occupational exposure limits were stricter than the domestic permissible exposure limits. As a result of excess rate analysis, trichloroethylene was the highest at 11%, whereas nickel was the lowest at 0.5%. The excess rates of all substances except for trichloroethylene were observed at less than 10%. Among the seven substances, the total cost was highest for trichloroethylene and lowest for carbon disulfide. The benefits for the seven substances were higher than costs estimated based on strengthening current permissible exposure limits. Thus, revising the permissible exposure limits of the seven substances was determined to be acceptable from a social perspective. Conclusions: The final revised permissible exposure limits suggested for the seven substances are as follows: $0.2mg/m^3$ for nickel, 0.5 ppm(TWA) and 2.5 ppm(STEL) for benzene, 1 ppm(TWA) for carbon disulfide, $0.01mg/m^3$(TWA) for cadmium, 10 ppm(TWA) and 25 ppm(STEL) for trichloroethylene, 0.3 ppm(TWA) for formaldehyde, and 0.005 ppm(TWA) and 0.02 ppm(STEL) for toluene diisocynate(isomers).

• Korean Journal of Occupational Health Nursing
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.99-109
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• 2003

Although occupational accidents caused by presses are found to be the highest in manufacturing industrial groups, there are no study regarding to annulment for periodical inspection of press. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the economic benefit of periodical inspection of press for preventing accidents. The cost-benefit analysis in this study was conducted to evaluate the relative magnitude of benefit to cost. Study samples were 26 and years analysed were 1995, 1996, 1998 and 1999. Personal interviews with safety managers were held from October 7 to November 2, 2002. Costs of the periodical inspection program were compared with the benefit of accident that caused by presses. Costs and benefits were calculated at an discount rate of 5%. The benefit-cost ratio was 5.7. The sensitivity analysis for the discount rate, the number of press, and size of industry showed that every benefit-cost ratios were upper than one(1.0). The results of this study suggested that periodical inspection for press is important program for preventing accident and the regulation for periodical inspection program should be reenforced by government.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Building Construction
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• v.21 no.5
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• pp.409-420
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• 2021

The safety and health ledger system, which gives the responsibility of safety and health management for construction site workers to the construction project owner, was introduced as part of the overall revision of the Occupational Safety and Health Act. There is a need to explain the system's effectiveness in terms of economic feasibility to solve the execution problem of the system caused by low awareness and implementation rate. In this study, the economic effect of implementing the safety and health ledger system was analyzed using cost-benefit analysis based on the data discussed at the time of the introduction of the system. Results show that creating and managing the design safety and health ledger caused additional costs in implementing the system. As a result of comparing the cost of preparation and the direct and indirect benefits caused by the reduction of industrial accidents, the benefits were evaluated higher than the costs. Thus, it is thought that the safety and health ledger system reduces construction work accidents and generates economic effects.

• Journal of Korean Society of Transportation
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• v.24 no.3 s.89
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• pp.95-102
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• 2006

This study develops a methodology on how to assess the traffic safety benefit of advanced vehicular technology for Protecting pedestrian in pedestrian-vehicle collision. Safety benefit is defined here as the reduction of Pedestrian fatality by employing advanced vehicular technology. As an application of the proposed methodology the safety benefit of active hood lift system (AHLS) is assessed. Both actual accident data analysis and simulation experiment are conducted to establish statistical models that are used for estimating the reduction of pedestrian fatality It is believed that the developed methodology and outcomes would be greatly useful in developing various advanced vehicular technologies and establishing more effective traffic safety policies.

• The Journal of The Korea Institute of Intelligent Transport Systems
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.128-141
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• 2018

In this paper, a methodology to analyze the potential safe benefit of six cooperative driver assistance systems via V2V (vehicle-to-vehicle) communications is proposed. Although it is quite necessary to assess social impact with respect to new safety technologies for cooperative vehicles with V2V communications, there are few studies in Korea to predict the quantitative safety benefit analysis. In this study, traffic accident scenarios are classified based on traffic fatality between passenger cars. The sequential collision type is classified for a multiple pile-up with respect to collision direction such as forward, side, head-on collisions. Then movement of surrounding vehicle is considered for the scenario classification. Next, the cooperative driver assistance systems such as forward collision warning, blind spot detection, and intersection movement assistance are related with the corresponding accident scenarios. Finally, it is summarized how much traffic fatality may be reduced potentially due to the V2V communication based safety services.

• Proceedings of the Safety Management and Science Conference
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• 2001.11a
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• pp.175-179
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• 2001