• Journal of the Korean Society of Safety
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• v.24 no.3
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• pp.47-53
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• 2009

Road is typically constructed along ridge area of mountain because of topographical and economic reasons. Therefore, road may face lots of open cut slope which can easily cause rock falling. This study evaluates the structural safety of newly developed falling rock protection system which has a roof deck plate. The structural performance under self-weight, snow load and load from falling rock was investigated using a finite element numerical analysis method. From the analysis results, the H-beam space was limited not to exceed 2.2m. The deck plate was also safe under the examined loading condition. A hinge and connection in the system were investigated through detailed numerical modelling and analysis. The results showed that the hinge was safe enough and that the connection should strengthened with appropriate stiffeners.

• International Journal of Fuzzy Logic and Intelligent Systems
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.173-180
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• 2016

Fault detection and diagnosis is a task to monitor the occurrence of faults and pinpoint the exact location of faults in the system. Fault detection and diagnosis is gaining importance in development of efficient, advanced and safe industrial systems. Three phase inverter is one of the most common and excessively used power electronic system in industries. A fault diagnosis system is essential for safe and efficient usage of these inverters. This paper presents a fault detection technique and fault classification algorithm. A new feature extraction approach is proposed by using three-phase load current in three-dimensional space and neural network is used to diagnose the fault. Neural network is responsible of pinpointing the fault location. Proposed method and experiment results are presented in detail.

• Tunnel and Underground Space
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• v.4 no.3
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• pp.287-296
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• 1994

Safety-related structures of power plants have to be protected against the effects of possible hazards and natural phenomena. Earthquakes are considered a major dynamic design loading as a requirement of plant design, but the effects of blast-induced vibratons are not. Due to the difficulties of obtaining construction site for new plants, following ones are inevitably being built in the site adjacent to existing power plants. Therefore considerable thought has been recently given to the dynamic loading generated by blasting works near the plants. In this paper, discussed is applicability of existing vibration standards and industrial codes to the blasting works near safety related structures. Also evaluated are the parameters for the safe vibration limits such as measure of vibration level, frequency consideration, structure response, propagation equation, etc.

• Tunnel and Underground Space
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• v.5 no.2
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• pp.89-94
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• 1995

Regression analysis and a comparative study were carried out for 52 blast vibration data which were monitored by changing the monitoring distance and charge per delay. The results are as follows: 1) The square and cube root scalings and general equation which have a confidence level at the point of 90% and 99% are V90=33300(SD)-2.026 , V90=23600(SD)-1.993, V90=26300W0.755 R-2.007 and V99=48400(SD)-2.026, V99=34000(SD)-1.993 , V99=38100W0.755R-2.007, respectively. 2) There is need to decide the allowable max. charge weight per delay considering the cross points comparatively of the nomogram constructed using several predictived equations. 3) It is necessary to derive the predictive equation on the basis of blast vibration level monitored in field and to decide safe vibration level and the confidence level.

• Tunnel and Underground Space
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.38-46
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• 1994

This paper concerns the design of blasts adjacent to structures and facilities. In order to investigate the site characteristics, measurements of in-situ wave propagation and laboratory tests of rock cores taken from the boreholes were carried out. Effects of rock media and delay intervals on ground vibration levels were identified from over sixty measurements of three times of test blasts. For practical use in the field, an empirical propagation equation was derived so as to reflect the characteristics of rock media and delay effects. Safe limits of vibration level for structures were conservatively established based on various suggested criteria. Safe limits for facilities were adopted so that vibration levels induced by blasting should not exceed the allowable limits specified in the manufacturer's installation condition. Suggested were blast pattern and operation to enhance the rock fracturing and to reduce the ground vibration levels under the restricted conditions.

• Journal of Families and Better Life
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.1-12
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• 2003

Day care center for the elderly is an alternative for community care for frail elderly who need social participation and physical cares and services outside the family. The purpose of this study was to identify the present situation of day care center for the elderly and to suggest desirable interior space plans for elderly day care center. Data were collected by two ways; a mail survey and case studies of existing day care centers. Five cases of day care centers were analyzed to find out Physical and space problems, available programs and services. Also, the staffs in 96 day care centers for the elderly in nationwide were selected for a mail survey and 68.8 percentage of all was collected and analyzed. From the result of case studies, narrow space and lack of accessibility features for wheelchair or other prosthetic devices were the major problems. From the result of a mail survey analysis, the elderly users were over 73 years old, and high proportion had suffered from dementia and apoplexy Also, staffing ration was 1:7 In other words, one staff was caring of 7 old people, and supporting staff was insufficient. Therefore, supportive, therapeutic environment Was more important issue to improve quality of care. Separate program room and outdoor space, lounging space, treatment room by gardening, separate counselling room, bedroom, a simple kitchen unit, staff office, separate physical treatment room, resting room for staff was indicated more necessarily. When priority of planning interior space was safety followed by accessability and convenience, it was also reported that sire of each room was generally narrow. The most serious problem in interior space was the lack and narrowness of space, and accessible features for mobility. Based on the literature review and the findings of this study, two types of floor plans for elderly day care center were suggested;‘a mixed type for the elderly with and without dementia’and‘a separate type for the elderly with dementia.’The main goals for designing interior space for two types of elderly day care center were to provide safe environment, encouraging environment for remaining abilities of users, sanitary environment, therapeutic environment, familiar environment, and socially-encouraging environment. The recommendations for further studies were suggested.

• The Journal of Sustainable Design and Educational Environment Research
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• v.12 no.3
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• pp.58-67
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• 2013

This study is to analyze the satisfaction and the image evaluation of landscape elements in outdoor space by types of the university campus. The results are as follows. 1) Out of outdoor elements at university campus, planting area, resting area, access road, and water feature are recognized as major landscape elements. Among them, planting area and access roads are evaluated low in terms of satisfaction levels, therefore, improvement on these elements are required. 2) In outdoor space image evaluation, university campus has image such as 'simple', 'clear', and 'safe'. By scale of universities, both 'A' university, which is the biggest in terms of size of campus, and 'B' university, which has a medium sized campus, have a positive image. However, 'C' university, which is the smallest in terms of size of campus, has a passive and negative image. 3) 6 factors are extracted through Factor Analysis for image evaluation. All of the universities show positive image in the categories of 'clarity' and 'familiarity', however, 'B' university and 'C' university show negative image in the category of 'scale'. 4) In Correlation Analysis between landscape elements satisfaction level and image evaluation, it is showed that the group of landscape facility becomes a relation factor of overall image evaluation. As a result, the higher satisfaction level goes, the better image evaluation of overall outdoor space at university campus is.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• v.23 no.3
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• pp.181-192
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• 2014

Recently, urban mixed-use commercial facilities have been required to raise a safe environment in public areas. So, this study focuses on analyze planning factors selected through the precedent research for Pedestrian safety and environment of urban mixed-use commercial facilities. The first purpose of this study is to analyse the applicative estimation of environmental plan to support pedestrians in public space of urban mixed-use commercial facilities in Seoul. And the second purpose of this study is to propose the directions of environmental planning for creating a pedestrian-friendly environment in public space of urban mixed-use commercial facilities. In order to accomplish this purpose, the environmental planning factors for supporting pedestrians and guidelines for disabled shown in the precedent studies are drawn. A survey of research subjects are 4 urban mixed-use commercial facilities located in downtown Seoul. And then a questionnaire survey is performed on architecture and interior design students to evaluate the importance. As a result of the study, the following conclusion are drawn. The pedestrian-friendly environment in urban mixed-use commercial facilities requires planning to strengthen accessibility, supporting and safety of public space.

• Journal of Environmental Science International
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• v.26 no.1
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• pp.97-107
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• 2017

In the recent trend where crime types are being diversified along with urban expansion, we are facing the reality of a 'taking-it-out-on-somebody' crime, which targets the public rather than a specific person with criminal intent, like a 'random target crime.' A park, which is a public space for urban dwellers' and residents' leisure and rest in the midst of social changes, can be called the spot where various crimes occur. This is because it is a space without boundaries, available for the influx of many and unspecified persons, thus making it difficult to specify users. For the purpose of keeping a park safe from crime and providing users with psychological stability, this study carried out its research to get basic knowledge of the introduction of CPTED (Crime Prevention Through Environmental Design) concept in park development. The park development guideline contents are analyzed based on the six principles of CPTED theory as per the space composition element of a park. As a result, this study found out a problem was that most guidelines applied to the space composition element of a park were fragmentary in applying the six principles of CPTED theory, and were focused on arrangement and installation of facilities.

• Journal of Climate Change Research
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• v.6 no.4
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• pp.345-355
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• 2015

In this study, we researched a space allocation method of emissions from domestic coastal shipping (passenger ship, cargo ship, fishing boats). We were building a geographic information data that is used in GIS for emissions of space allocation, and presented a methodology capable of performing the space allocated for each grid by calculating the emissions. Passenger ships were assigned emissions of routes each the ship that operated at a fixed. Emissions of crusing mode of cargo ship, was equally assigned to the safe operation line, which is defined for domestic cargo ship. Also, Emissions of maneuvering (moving into or out of port) and hoteling (operations while stationary at dock), was assigned in consideration of anchorage in the major port. Fishing boat was evenly allocated monthly emissions in the country every month fishing grounds formation zone. Based on these results, it tries to provide the basic data that can be used when you want to create a local government measures to reduce scenario in the future.