• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2007.05a
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• pp.116-120
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• 2007

도시 지역 소규모 단지 개발 후 유출량 증가로 인한 하류지역의 첨두유량의 조절은 도시 호우 관리에서 가장 중요한 고려 대상중의 하나이다. 최적관리를 위한 단지 내 유수지는 오리피스와 위어를 이용하여 높은 첨두율을 개발전의 첨두유량으로 조절하는 역할을 담당 한다. 이 연구에서는 도시 개발에 따른 단지 내 다목적 저류지를 설치하여 첨두유량을 조절하기 위하여 오리피스와 위어가 설치된 저류지를 어떻게 설계하는지 검토하였다. 적용 대상은 전형적인 도시소유역 단지개발지역에 적용하였다. 저류지는 재현기간 2년 10년 그리고 100년 설계 강우에 대한 첨두유량을 조절할 수 있도록 설계되었다. 또한 도시화의 진행으로 인한 불투수면적의 증가에 따른 예민도 분석을 실시하여 유출량의 증가와 하류단에서 나타나는 첨두유량의 변화를 검토하였다. 설계 저류지 모의를 위하여 SWMM 5.0을 사용하였다.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2015.05a
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• pp.396-396
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• 2015

Frequent urban floods affect the human safety and economic properties due to a lack of the capacity of drainage system and the increased frequency of torrential rainfall. The drainage system has played an important role in flooding control, so it is necessary to establish the effective countermeasures considering the connection between drainage system and surface flow. To consider the connection, we selected SWMM5 model for analyzing transportation capacity of drainage system and FLUMEN model for calculating inundation depth and time variation of inundation area. First, Thiessen method is used to delineate the sub-catchments effectively base on drainage network data in SWMM5. Then, the output data of SWMM5, hydrograph of each manhole, were used to simulate FLUMEN to obtain inundation depth and time variation of inundation area. The proposed method is applied to Sadang area for the event occurred in $27^{th}$ of July, 2011. A total of 11 manholes, we could check the overflow from the manholes during that event as a result of the SWMM5 simulation. After that, FLUMEN was utilized to simulate overland flow using the overflow discharge to calculate inundation depth and area on ground surface. The simulated results showed reasonable agreements with observed data. Through the simulations, we confirmed that the main reason of the inundation was the insufficient transportation capacities of drainage system. Therefore cooperation of both models can be used for not only estimating inundation damages in urban areas but also for providing the theoretical supports of the urban network reconstruction. As a future works, it is recommended to decide optimized pipe diameters for efficient urban inundation simulations.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2016.05a
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• pp.321-321
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• 2016

도시화와 토지이용 변화로 인하여 도시지역의 불투수면적이 증가하고 있으며, 이로 인해 발생하는 홍수, 가뭄, 수질악화 등의 해결은 수자원 계획 및 관리에 있어서 중요한 과제이다. 저영향개발(LID, Low Impact Development) 기법은 물 순환 체계를 복원할 수 있는 대안으로 도시지역에서 물 관리를 통해 하천 복원 및 수자원 관리를 가능하게 해주는 기술로써, EPA SWMM의 업그레이드 버전에서는 저영향개발 기술과 관련된 시설의 설계를 통한 유출 모의가 가능해졌다. 그러나 SWMM 모형 내에서 저영향개발 시설을 설계 및 계획하기 위해서는 저영향시설과 관련된 다양한 매개변수들을 입력해야하며, 효과적인 시설의 설계를 위해서는 반복적인 모의 수행이 동반된다. 이에 본 연구에서는 SWMM 모형을 기반으로 저영향개발 시설의 설계를 위한 의사결정지원시스템인 WMAM(Water Management Analysis Module)을 개발하였다. WMAM은 저영향개발 시설과 관련된 다양한 매개변수 중에서 최종 유출량에 영향을 미치는 매개변수의 추출이 가능하다. 또한, 저영향개발 시설의 설계 및 계획 매개변수에 대한 다양한 시나리오를 생성하고, 짧은 시간에 동시에 모의 분석을 수행하여 수문학적 측면에서 효과적인 시나리오를 도출해준다. 본 연구에서는 WMAM의 효과성을 보여주고자 A대학교를 모델링한 SWMM 모형에 저영향개발 시설 중 하나인 침투트렌치의 (1)계획 전과 (2)계획 후, 그리고 (3)WMAM을 적용하였을 경우의 첨두유량과 침투손실 결과를 비교하였다. 침투트렌치 설치 전의 첨두유량은 약 0.48 CMS로 세가지 경우 중 가장 높은 값을 보였으며, 침투트렌치 설지 후와 WMAM을 활용한 경우의 첨두유량은 점차 낮아졌다. 또한, 침투손실량을 보면 설치전에는 약 0.28 m로 가장 낮았으며, 설치 후 그리고 WMAM을 활용하였을 경우는 점차 그 값이 높아졌다. 본 연구를 통해, WMAM이 저영향개발 시설의 설계 및 계획에 있어서 수문학적으로 효과적인 결과를 보이는 것을 확인할 수 있었으며, 향후 보완과 추가 개발을 통해 수자원 계획 및 관리에 있어서 유용한 프로그램이 될 수 있을 것으로 기대된다.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2021.06a
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• pp.339-339
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• 2021

XP-SWMM은 유역의 강우-유출과 1차원 관망 해석 및 2차원 지표면 흐름 해석이 가능하여 도시지역의 침수 모의에 활용도가 높다. 하지만 대부분의 수학적 모형이 그러하듯 XP-SWMM은 많은 입력 변수를 포함하고 있어 사용자의 숙련도에 따라 모의 결과가 달라질 수 있다. 본 연구의 목적은 XP-SWMM을 이용한 침수 모의의 정확도를 향상시키기 위해 침수 모의에 영향을 줄 수 있는 인자를 검토하고, 민감도 분석을 통해 인자별 적정 범위를 제안하는 것이다. 다만, 유역의 강우-유출과 1차원 관망 해석에 사용되는 매개변수는 과거 많은 연구자들이 적정 범위를 제시하였으므로 본 연구에서는 2차원 지표면 흐름 해석에 관한 입력 변수만을 대상으로 하였다. 이를 위해 2차원 계산의 지배방정식인 천수방정식의 매개변수 중 XP-SWMM에서 제어할 수 있는 인자와 XP-SWMM의 사용자 편의환경(graphical user interface; GUI)에서 제어 가능한 인자를 고려하였다. 선정된 인자는 지표면 조도계수, 2차원 계산 시간 간격, 2D 집수유량 계수, Smagorinsky 계수, Wet/dry 깊이이다. 제시된 인자들을 대상으로 침수흔적도의 침수 면적을 기준으로 민감도 분석을 수행하였고, 인자의 변화율을 침수 면적의 변화율로 변화시키는 조건수(condition number)를 활용하여 인자별 민감 여부를 분석하였다. 또한, 영향 인자 변화에 따른 침수 면적과 침수흔적도의 상대오차를 분석하여 영향 인자의 적정 범위를 제안하였다. 그 결과, 지표면 조도계수의 적정범위는 0.02~0.05, 2차원 계산 시간 간격은 0.1-3.5초, Smagorinsky 계수는 0.06~1.0, Wet/dry 깊이는 0.001~0.02 m인 것으로 나타났다. 본 연구는 XP-SWMM을 이용한 2차원 침수 모의에 활용될 수 있는 영향 인자와 적정 범위를 제안한 연구로서, 향후 XP-SWMM을 이용한 많은 침수분석에 참고자료로 활용될 수 있을 것으로 판단된다.

• Korean Journal of Environmental Agriculture
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• v.19 no.5
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• pp.419-425
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• 2000

Rating curve method and SWMM (Storm Water Management Model) were applied to estimate pollutant loading from Hwa-Ong watershed in Kyunggi-Do. Rating curves were derived from sampling sites and applied to the whole watershed. SWMM version 4.4 was calibrated by field data of sampling sites and applied to the whole watershed. The pollutant loading estimated by rating curve was slightly higher than the one by SWMM, but the difference was not significant considering diffuse pollution characteristics of wide variation. Land use effect of the subcatchments could not be incorporated logically in rating curve method and difficulty in extrapolation was experienced, therefore, the estimate by rating curve method was thought to be less confident. SWMM was satisfactory in estimation of pollution loading, and its great flexibility worked well to describe complex nonurban land uses. Neither of them could exactly describe complex natural phenomena, but SWMM was preferred in this study due to its flexibility and logical hydrologic processes including land use effects. Use of reasonable watershed model rather than rating curve method for watershed pollutant loading estimate can be more practical and is recommended.

• Proceedings of the KSR Conference
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• 2008.06a
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• pp.143-146
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• 2008

With unexpected torrential rainfall, flash flooding is occurring frequently and its impacts are tremendous. Thus proper natural disaster management plans are required. The disaster management system of the Bimodal tram utilizes the SWMM as a core engine to simulate runoff and urban sewer networks for flooding simulation. To develop the efficient Bimodal tram disaster management system, very detailed subcatchment boundaries and flow networks have to be developed in a GIS data format. Thus the objective of this study is to develop ArcView GIS based module (AV2SWMM) for easy preparation of model input for the tram disaster management system. With the AV2SWMM module, very detailed subcatchment boundaries and flow networks can be developed for accurate simulation of flash flooding at the study site, which were not/hardly possible with SWMM 5.0 interface. The AV2SWMM can be used in developing accurate model input for other regions where the Bimodal tram system is expected to be introduced.

• Journal of Environmental Impact Assessment
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• v.12 no.5
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• pp.349-358
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• 2003

Water pollution of Hwanggujicheon stream is severe because urban area of Suwon City is included in the basin. A countermeasure for water quality prevention of the stream is necessary. In this study, nonpoint pollutant load of BOD, SS, TN and TP are estimated using SWMM. The result indicates that BOD, SS, TN and TP loads during 3 months from July to September are 67.0%, 60.8%, 54.7% and 74.5% of the annual total load, respectively. We can see that most of nonpoint pollutant loads are generated in the rainy season. Annual nonpoint pollutant loads of BOD, SS, TN and TP in the Hwanggujicheon stream are 342 ton, 1,500 ton, 480 ton and 12.6 ton, respectively.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.15 no.9
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• pp.5813-5819
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• 2014

LID planning and application has been actively developed to reduce the runoff volume at increased impervious areas due to rapid urbanization. In this study, a performance and applicability evaluation was performed in an infiltration trench using the SWMM model, based on the experimental conditions for infiltration trenches. The infiltration trench application area was applied to 5~15% of the drainage area. The SWMM results of discharge and the BOD reduction efficiency were analyzed at a peak discharge of 45.7~61.9%, total discharge of 47.2~62.3%, and BOD load of 52.3~55.3. The discharge and BOD was estimated to be 12~24% higher and 37~38% smaller than the experimental results. This study can help in the application and performance evaluation of infiltration trenches.

• Journal of Korean Society on Water Environment
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• v.24 no.6
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• pp.806-816
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• 2008

In recent years, increases in impervious areas with rapid urbanization and land use changes are causing numerous hydrologic and environmental problems. In this study Low Impact Development (LID) was applied to investigate changes in runoff and peak runoff with LID plans. SWMM 5.0 was used to simulate LID Integrated Management Practices (IMPs) at study area. The SWMM estimated total runoff volume with conventional land use planning is (82.3%, 46.44 mm), (99%, 73.16 mm) greater than total runoff before urbanization, while total runoff with LID is (11.1%, 46.44 mm), (49%, 73.16 mm) greater than those before urbanization. With the LID adoption in land use planning, pervious area increases by 49.8% compared with that from the conventional urban land use planning, resulting in (32.7%, 46.44 mm), (23.6%, 73.16 mm) decrease in total runoff, and (32.6%, 46.44 mm), (18.5%, 73.16 mm) decreases in peak rate runoff. The results obtained from this study indicate that peak rate runoff, time to peak, and total runoff can be reduced with the LID in urban land use planning because the LID secures pervious areas with various LID IMPs. The SWMM simulated result using design storm data and the US EPA suggested CN values for various LID IMPs implies that how environment-friendly urban land use planning with the LID adoption is important for sustainable development at urbanizing watershed.

• Journal of Korea Water Resources Association
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• v.32 no.4
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• pp.479-488
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• 1999

The flood damage has being increased because of urbanization due to the industrialization and the growth of population. Therefore, the hydrologic properties such as increasing the peak flow and decreasing the concentration time of the peak flow have been changed. Hence, the interest of an urban prevention against flood disasters has been centralized at the present day. The objectives of this study is to develop the suitable models to calculate the runoff characteristics from an urban basin. This study describes the properties of each urban hydrologic model and to determine suitable basin model using the ILLUDAS and SWMM models in the urban runoff models in the Yong-Ahm area at Chungju. The peak flow, concentration time and total runoff value of this area are compared and analyzed with regard to calculated and real values. After obtaining values appropriated from the ILLUDAS and SWMM models using 5 rainfall events in this areas, the peak flows, concentration times and total runoff values are compared with real values. As a result of this study, the Transport block of the SWMM is closely shown to real values.