• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.57-72
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• 2008

Objectives : The Herb-combined Remedy(HCR) for diabetes mellitus is known as an anti-hyperglycaemic agent. But its exact mechanisms are unclear. The present study was carried out to investigate its anti-hyperglycaemic and anti-oxidative effects in STZ-induced diabetic rats. Methods : Experimental diabetes was induced by injection of STZ(80mg/kg) to ratsvia the peritoneum. The experimental animals were divided into 4 groups : normal group, control group(STZ-induced diabetic rats with no treatment), HCR group(STZ-induced diabetic rats with HCR treatment), MF group(STZ-induced diabetic rats with Metformin treatment). The effects of HCR on STZ-induced diabetes was observed by measuring fasting blood glucose, changes of body weight, food uptake, and water uptake glucose levels in the normal state decline rates in blood glucose levels DPPH free-radical scavenging activity superoxide dismutase in RBC lysate catalase activity in RBC lysate and glutathione reductase activity in RBC lysate. Results : Treatment with HCR regulated blood glucose levels. Treatment with HCR also prevented weight loss in STZ-induced diabetic rats. In addition, oral glucose tolerance decreased following treatment with HCR. Direct anti-oxidative effects on DPPH free-radical scavenging were not observed, but treatment with HCR elevated SOD levels in blood cell lysates from STZ-induced diabetic rats. In addition, the HCR-treatment group showed an elevated tendency to glutathione reductase activity. Conclusions : These results demonstrate that HCR has anti-hyperglycaemic and anti-oxidative effects in STZ-induced diabetic rats.

• BMB Reports
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• v.32 no.2
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• pp.161-167
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• 1999

The role of oxidative stress in the initiation and the complication of diabetes was examined by monitoring blood glucose increase and oxidative DNA damage in rats treated with alloxan or streptozotocin (STZ). Oxidative DNA damage was assessed by quantitating 8-oxo-2'-deoxyguanosine ($oxo^8dG)$ excreted in urine and the $oxo^8dG$ accumulated in pancreas DNA. Both alloxan and STZ treatments resulted in an abrupt increase in blood glucose and significant increases in urinary and pancreatic $oxo^8dG$. Pretreatment of buthionine sulfoximine (BSO), a glutathione-depleting agent, slightly potentiated the increase of blood glucose and urinary $oxo^8dG$ in the alloxan- and STZ-treated rats. Furthermore, the BSO pretreatment caused significant amplification of pancreatic $oxo^8dG$ increase in the rats. On the other hand, pretreatment with 1,10- phenanthroline (o-phen), a chelator of divalent cations, showed different results between alloxan- and STZ-treated rats. The o-phen pretreatment completely blocked diabetes and the increase of $oxo^8dG$ by alloxan treatment, while it potentiated the increase of blood glucose and $oxo^8dG$ by STZ treatment. The results demonstrate that the causative effect of alloxan on diabetes may be the generation of reactive oxygen species through a Fenton type reaction, but that of STZ may not.

• Nutrition Research and Practice
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.34-42
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• 2013

This study investigated the effects of magnetized water supplementation on blood glucose, DNA damage, antioxidant status, and lipid profiles in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats. There were three groups of 4-week-old male Sprague-Dawley rats used in the study: control group (normal control group without diabetes); diabetes group (STZ-induced diabetes control); and magnetized water group (magnetized water supplemented after the induction of diabetes using STZ). Before initiating the study, diabetes was confirmed by measuring fasting blood glucose (FBS > 200 dl), and the magnetized water group received magnetized water for 8 weeks instead of general water. After 8 weeks, rats were sacrificed to measure the fasting blood glucose, insulin concentration, glycated hemoglobin level, degree of DNA damage, antioxidant status, and lipid profiles. From the fourth week of magnetized water supplementation, blood glucose was decreased in the magnetized water group compared to the diabetes group, and such effect continued to the 8th week. The glycated hemoglobin content in the blood was increased in the diabetes group compared to the control group, but decreased significantly in the magnetized water group. However, decreased plasma insulin level due to induced diabetes was not increased by magnetized water supplementation. Increased blood and liver DNA damages in diabetes rats did significantly decrease after the administration of magnetized water. In addition, antioxidant enzyme activities and plasma lipid profiles were not different among the three groups. In conclusion, the supplementation of magnetized water not only decreased the blood glucose and glycated hemoglobin levels but also reduced blood and liver DNA damages in STZ-induced diabetic rats. From the above results, it is suggested that the long-term intake of the magnetized water over 8 weeks may be beneficial in both prevention and treatment of complications in diabetic patients.

• The Korean Journal of Physiology
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• v.30 no.2
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• pp.231-236
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• 1996

In our previous study (Kim et al, 1991), GLUT 4 protein content correlated negatively with plasma glucose levels in skeletal muscles of STZ-induced diabetic rats. Thus, in this study, to confirm whether expression of GLUT 4 correlate negatively with degree of hyperglycemia, we measured levels of GLUT 4 mRNA in red and white gastrocnemius muscles in STZ-induced mild and severe diabetic rats. Rats were randomly assigned to control, mild, and severe diabetic groups, and the diabetes was induced by intraperitoneal administration of STZ. The experiment was carried out 10 days after STZ administration. Gastrocnemius red and white muscles were used fur the measurement of GLUT 4 expression. Plasma glucose levels of mild and severe diabetic rats were increased compared to control rats (control, mild, and severe diabetes; $6.4{\pm}0.32,\;9.4{\pm}0.68,\;and\;22.0{\pm}0.58$ mmol/L, respectively). Plasma insulin levels of mild and severe diabetic rats were decreased compared to control rats (control, mild, and severe diabetes; $198{\pm}37,\;l14{\pm}14,\;and\;90{\pm}15$ pmol/L, respectively). GLUT 4 mRNA levels of gastrocnemius red muscles in mild and severe diabetic rats were decreased compared to control rats ($64{\pm}1.2%\;and\;71{\pm}2.0%$ of control, respectively), but GLUT 4 mRNA levels in gastrocnemius white muscles were unaltered in diabetic rats. In summary, GLUT 4 mRNA levels were decreased in STZ-induced diabetic rats but did not correlated negatively with degree of hyperglycemia, and this result suggest that the regulatory mechanisms of decreased GLUT 4 mRNA levels are hypoinsulinemia and/or other metabolic factor but not hyperglycemia. And regulation of GLUT 4 expression in STZ-induced diabetes between red and white enriched skeletal muscles may be related to a fiber specific gene regulatory mechanism.

• The Korean Journal of Community Living Science
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• v.27 no.1
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• pp.19-29
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• 2016

This study examined the anti-diabetic effects of young barley leaf powder in rats with streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetes. Male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into the non-diabetic (N) and diabetic groups, and fed the following for four weeks. The diabetic groups were further subdivided into three experimental groups: a diabetic control group (STZ), a diabetic group fed 5% barley leaf powder (STZ-BL), and a diabetic group fed 10% barley leaf powder (STZ-BH). Food and water intakes were higher in the diabetic groups than in the N group. Body weight gain was higher in the STZ-BL and STZ-BH groups compared with the STZ group, but there were no significant changes in body weight gain between the diabetic groups. The serum glucose and fructosamine levels were lower in the STZ-BL and STZ-BH groups than in the STZ group. The levels of serum insulin were higher in the STZ-BL and STZ-BH groups than in the STZ group. Serum ALT, AST and ALP activities decreased in the STZ-BL and STZ-BH groups compared with the STZ group, but there was no difference. These results indicate that dietary supplementation of barley leaf powder can attenuate clinical symptoms of diabetes in rats with STZ-induced diabetes.

• The korean journal of orthodontics
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• v.53 no.6
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• pp.393-401
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• 2023

Objective: To investigate the long-term effects of 4-hexylresorcinol (4HR) on facial skeletal growth in growing male rats, with a focus on diabetic animal models. Methods: Forty male rats were used. Of them, type 1 diabetes mellitus was induced in 20 animals by administering 40 mg/kg streptozotocin (STZ), and they were assigned to either the STZ or 4HR-injected group (STZ/4HR group). The remaining 20 healthy rats were divided into control and 4HR groups. We administered 4HR subcutaneously at a weekly dose of 10 mg/kg until the rats were euthanized. At 16 weeks of age, whole blood was collected, and microcomputed tomography of the skull and femur was performed. Results: All craniofacial linear measurements were smaller in the STZ group than in the control group. The mandibular molar width was significantly smaller in the 4HR group than in the control group (P = 0.031) but larger in the STZ/4HR group than in the STZ group (P = 0.011). Among the diabetic animals, the STZ/4HR group exhibited significantly greater cortical bone thickness, bone mineral density, and bone volume than the STZ group. Serum testosterone levels were also significantly higher in the STZ/4HR group than in the STZ group. Conclusions: 4HR administration may have divergent effects on mandibular growth and bone mass in healthy and diabetic rats. In the context of diabetes, 4HR appears to have beneficial effects, potentially through the modulation of mitochondrial respiration.

• The Korea Journal of Herbology
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• v.28 no.6
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• pp.71-77
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• 2013

Objectives : This study aimed to compare the anti-diabetic efficacy of Lycii Radicis Cortex (Lycium chinense Mill.) and Corni Fructus (Cornus officinalis) on streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetes in rats. Methods : Male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into four groups; normal, STZ-control, Lycii Radicis Cortex extract-administrated group (LRC) and Corni Fructus extract-administrated group(CF). Diabetes in rats was induced by intraperitonal injection with streptozotocin (STZ) at doses of, 30 mg/kg (body weight) for 5 days (once per a day). STZ-induced diabetic rats were orally administrated LRC and CF extract daily for 4 weeks at doses of 300 mg/kg. Fasting blood glucose, total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and creatinine were measured in sera of rats. Histopathological changes of kidney, liver and lung tissues were observed by microscope after H&E staining. Results : There were no differences in body and kidney weights, food intake and water intake in LRC- and CF-administrated groups compared with STZ control group. However, glucose, TC and TG levels in serum were significantly decreased in LRC-administrated groups compared with STZ-control group. In histopathological analysis of kidney, liver and lung, both LRC- and CF-administrated groups showed the inhibition of morphological damage. Conclusions : These results suggest that LRC and CF have a biological action on STZ-induced diabetes in rats via decreasing the serum TG and TG levels and may protect the morphological changes of kidney, liver and lung.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine Ophthalmology and Otolaryngology and Dermatology
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• v.20 no.1 s.32
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• pp.154-168
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• 2007

Objective : The present study was carried out to investigate the preventive effect of Agrimonia pilosa Ledebour on Streptozotocin(STZ)-induced Diabetes mellitus. Method : Agrimonia pilosa Ledebour was given to rats with oral administration. The experimental animals were divided into 3groups : normal group of rats, control group of STZ-induced diabetic rats, sample group with Agrimonia pilosa Ledebour. The effect of Agrimonia pilosa Ledebour on STZ-induced diabetes was observed by measuring the survival rate of rats, weight of rats, FER, blood glucose, each organ weight of rat, total cholesterol, HDL, GOT, GPT & creatinine. Result : STZ caused hyperglycemia and hypoinsulinemia by a selectively destroying pancreatic ${\beta}-cell$. Agrimonia pilosa Ledebour treatment don't protected them from hyperglycemia and hypoinsulinemia. Organ weight only liver weight decreased but kidney, heart & spleen shows no significant changes. Agrimonia pilosa Ledebour significantly don't recoverd the increase of several biochemical parameters such as blood glucose, total cholesterol, HDL, GOT, GPT & creatinine is vice versa. Conclusion : Agrimonia pilosa Ledebour extract group did not show significant difference compared with STZ-induced Diabetes Mellitus group.

• Food Science and Preservation
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• v.21 no.4
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• pp.549-559
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• 2014

This study investigated the hypoglycemic effects of mulberry leaf (M), green tea (G), and a mixture of mulberry leaf and green tea (MG) in rats with streptozotocin-induced diabetes. Male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into the non-diabetic (N) and diabetic groups. The experimental animals were divided into four groups and fed the following for four weeks: a normal diet (N), the STZ+normal diet (STZ), the STZ+5% mulberry leaf (STZ-M), STZ+5% green tea (STZ-G), and the STZ+5% mixture of mulberry leaf and green tea (STZ-MG). The whole blood glucose level of the STZ-M, STZ-G and STZ-MG groups significantly decreased compared to the STZ group two weeks later. The serum glucose and fructosamine, and urine glucose levels in the STZ-M, STZ-G and STZ-MG groups were lower than in the STZ group. The levels of serum insulin were higher in the STZ-M, STZ-G and STZ-MG groups than in the STZ group. However, serum glucose, fructosamine and insulin levels, and urine glucose levels were not significantly different among the STZ-M, STZ-G and STZ-MG groups. These results indicate that mulberry leaf, green tea, and their mixture help prevent or attenuate the progression of diabetes in rats with STZ-induced diabetes.

• The Korea Journal of Herbology
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• v.30 no.6
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• pp.47-53
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• 2015

Objectives : This study was performed to investigate the anti-diabetic effect of the fruit extract of Lycium chinense Mill(Lycii Fructus, LF) on multiple low-dose streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats.Methods : Male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into three groups; normal, STZ-control, Lycii Fructus extractorally administrated 300 ㎎/㎏ group (STZ-LF). Diabetes was induced in rats by consecutive injection of streptozotocin (STZ) at doses of 30 ㎎/㎏ for 5 days. After 4 weeks, all rats were sacrificed, Fasting blood glucose, total cholesterol (CHO), triglyceride (TG) and HDL-Cholesterol were measured in sera of rats. Histopathological changes of pancreas, kidney, liver and lung tissues were observed by microscope after H&E, Periodic acid-Schiff (PAS) and Masson's trichrome staining. The changes of body weight, blood glucose, and food and water intake were also measured.Results : There were no differences in body, food intake and water intake in LF-administrated groups compared with STZ control group. However, LF extract significantly decreased the levels of serum glucose, CHO, TG and HDL-Cholesterol in diabetic rats. In histopathological analysis of kidney, liver and lung, LF-administrated groups showed the inhibition of morphological damage.Conclusions : These results suggest that LF have a biological action on multi low-dose STZ-induced diabetes in rats via decreasing the serum glucose, TG and TG levels and may protect the morphological changes of kidney, liver and lung.