The korean journal of orthodontics (대한치과교정학회지)

The Korean Association Of Orthodontists (대한치과교정학회)
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Effects of 4-hexylresorcinol on facial skeletal development in growing rats: Considerations for diabetes

  • Hannah Jeong (Department of Orthodontics, College of Dentistry, Gangneung-Wonju National University) ;
  • Jwa-Young Kim (Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Hallym University Kangnam Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University Medical Center) ;
  • Xiangguo Che (Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Cell and Matrix Research Institute, Korea Mouse Phenotyping Center, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University) ;
  • Je-Yong Choi (Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Cell and Matrix Research Institute, Korea Mouse Phenotyping Center, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University) ;
  • Insan Jang (Department of Orthodontics, College of Dentistry, Gangneung-Wonju National University) ;
  • Seong-Gon Kim (Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, College of Dentistry, Gangneung-Wonju National University)
  • Received : 2023.04.25
  • Accepted : 2023.08.29
  • Published : 2023.11.25
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Abstract

Objective: To investigate the long-term effects of 4-hexylresorcinol (4HR) on facial skeletal growth in growing male rats, with a focus on diabetic animal models. Methods: Forty male rats were used. Of them, type 1 diabetes mellitus was induced in 20 animals by administering 40 mg/kg streptozotocin (STZ), and they were assigned to either the STZ or 4HR-injected group (STZ/4HR group). The remaining 20 healthy rats were divided into control and 4HR groups. We administered 4HR subcutaneously at a weekly dose of 10 mg/kg until the rats were euthanized. At 16 weeks of age, whole blood was collected, and microcomputed tomography of the skull and femur was performed. Results: All craniofacial linear measurements were smaller in the STZ group than in the control group. The mandibular molar width was significantly smaller in the 4HR group than in the control group (P = 0.031) but larger in the STZ/4HR group than in the STZ group (P = 0.011). Among the diabetic animals, the STZ/4HR group exhibited significantly greater cortical bone thickness, bone mineral density, and bone volume than the STZ group. Serum testosterone levels were also significantly higher in the STZ/4HR group than in the STZ group. Conclusions: 4HR administration may have divergent effects on mandibular growth and bone mass in healthy and diabetic rats. In the context of diabetes, 4HR appears to have beneficial effects, potentially through the modulation of mitochondrial respiration.

Keywords

Acknowledgement

The animal experiments were supported by Prof. Ji-Hyeon Oh and Dr. Yei-Jin Kang.

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