• 한국조경학회지
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• 제23권2호
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• pp.148-156
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• 1995

This study was conducted to investigate the actual vegetation and plant community structure of the urban forest in Kwangju Metropolitan City. Thirty eight plots in the urban forest were set up by the clumped sampling method. The degree of green naturality, 6 that is artifical planting area covered 10.9% in Kwangju Metropolitan City and Pinus densiflora community covered 48.7% of the actual vegetations of urban forest. Canopy height, Diameter of breast height (DBH) and No. of species in urban forest were 13.5m, 21cm and 24 species, respectively. The soil conditions and community structure of the urban forest were differenced by location of urban and suburban area. The plant communities divided into six groups which were Quercus acutissima community, Q. acutissima-Robinia pseudo-acacia community, Pinus rigida Community, P. rigida-P. densiflora community, P. densifrora-Q. acutissima community and Q, serrata-P. densiflora community. Successional series of the urban forest in the surveyed area were proceeding from P. dinsiflora to Quercus species. The species diversity of plant were high in natural plant community but low in artificial plant community. Tree density in the canopy layer varied from 600ea/ha to 2,800ea/ha.

• Journal of Ecology and Environment
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• 제38권4호
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• pp.405-413
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• 2015

We classified the streamside plant community by phyto-sociological method and analyzed the relationship between environment factors and vegetation structure by using the classification and ordination method. We found that twenty one plant communities were classified according to dominant species at the natural streamside valley forest with surveying the 65 quadrats (10 m × 10 m). From the survey results, the hardwood plant communities were classified as streamside valley forest and the softwood plant communities as riparian forest according to the degree of flooding. The valley forest had a distribution of 17 plant communities which was 65% (42 quadrats) of 65 quadrats: Maackia amurensis community, Betula davurica community, Quercus variabilis community, Pinus densiflora community, Q. serrata community, Prunus sargentii community, and Meliosma oldhamii community etc. The riparian forest had a distribution of four plant communities which was 35% (23 quadrats) of 65 quadrats: Salix koreensis community, S. rorida community, S. purpurea var. japonica community, and S. glandulosa community, etc. From the two-way indicator species analysis (TWINSPAN) analysis, we found indicator species Oplismenus undulatifolius and Lindera obtusiloba for the streamside valley forest and Humulus japonicus, Phragmites japonica, and S. koreensis for the riparian forest. From the results of the canonical correspondence analysis (CCA), coordinates, altitude, and stream structure showed low correlation to the distribution of the plant community. Therefore, it seemed that valley forest and riparian forest were distinguished by the stream gradient and waterway width which determined by the stream water level.

• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제18권5호
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• pp.579-588
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• 2009

The purpose of this study was to explain relationship between community structure and their environment variables in Mt. Hwaak. Samples were collected by 101 plots using ZM phytosociological method and followed by cluster, importance value and canonical correspondence analysis. The forest vegetation classified into 8 community types such as Pinus densiflora community, Berberis amurensis community, Betula ermani community, Betula schmidtii community, Larix leptolepis community, Pinus koraiensis community, Cornus controversa community and Salix koreensis community. Altitude was considered as the highest factor correlated to the community types. Berberis amurensis community and Betula ermani community were located in upper slope area of high elevation, Comus controversa community and Salix koreensis community in valley area, and Pinus densiflora community in ridge area, respectively.

• 한국조경학회지
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• 제20권4호
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• pp.1-11
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• 1993

This study was conducted to investigate the plant community structure and to propose ecological management planning for the urban forest on Sungdongku, Joongku and Yongsanku in Seoul. Field survey was excuted October 1991 and the results were as follows. Robinia pseudoacasia community covered 61.1% and Populus x albaglandulosa covered 3.8% of survey site II and survey site was covered by the deciduous-broad leaf mixtured forest. According to the human impact and inappropriate management impact, survey area was divided into five forest community. As for the analysis of plant community structure which was classified into five forest community, the importance values, ecological diversity, number of species, number of individuals, basal area and crown coverage of the native plant community showed relatively higher than community that vegetation deterioration degree by the human impact showed seriously. In landscape forest of Mt. Daehyun, it showed problems for the planting method and the soil condition. So it was proposed to management guide, vegetation restoration and soil management through ecological management planning based on above results.

• 한국환경생태학회지
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• 제11권1호
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• pp.111-125
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• 1997

민주지산지역의 극상림 산림군집구조를 분석하고 생태계 기초자료를 구축하여 이 지역의 개발압력에 대응하는 생태고나광, 자연학습 등 친환경적 개발에 응용하고자 49개 조사구를 선정하고 군집구조조사를 실시하였다. TWINSPAN분석 결과 각 군집은 소나무-서어나무-졸참나무군집(군집 I), 신갈나무-졸참나무-굴피나무군집(군집 II), 신갈나무군집(군집 III), 들메나무-고로쇠나무군집(군집IV), 층층나무-들메나무군집(군집V), 들메나무-까치박달나무군집(군집 VI) 그리고 들메나무-서어나무군집(군집 VII)으로 분류되었다. 산림의 종조성, 유사도지수, 종다양성분석, 흉고직경분석을 실시한 결과 군집 I~III을 제외하고는 활엽수혼효극상림으로 밝혀졌다.

• 한국조경학회지
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• 제28권3호
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• pp.13-24
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• 2000

In urban area, urban forests work as an ecological center that mitigates the environmental pollution of the area. In order to maintain the ecological function of a forest, the management method should be established based on ht through investigation of the vegetation structure of the forest. In this study, the vegetation structure of Namsan in Kyungju area was investigated in order to study the ecological value of Namsan and to suggest a desirable management alternative. 21 plots were selected as survey areas. Using the TWINSPAN technique, the forest of Namsan was classified into four communities: Quercus serrata community(I), Castanea crenata-Q. serrata-Q. mongolica community(II), Pinus densiflora community(III) and P. densiflora-P. rigida-Robinia pseudoacacia community(IV). The survey results were summarized by five: 1) the distribution of vegetation showed 2) P. densiflora was the absolutely dominant species in Namsan, 3) number of the average species was 12.6$^{\circ}$$\pm$3.1, 4) number of individual was 131.1$^{\circ}$$\pm$47.8 per a plot(100$m^2$), 5) the results of annual ring analysis revealed that the age of P. densiflora in Namsan was about 3 0$^{\circ}$~60$^{\circ}$years old. From the above results, it was found out that the forest has two problems. One thing is maintenance of P.densiflora against succession, another is artificial forest dispersion. The problems of Namsan forest management will be solved with further studies related.

• 한국환경생태학회지
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• 제29권1호
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• pp.46-61
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• 2015

The purpose of this study is to investigate a vegetation structure around Tongdosa temple forest and provincial park and to provide preliminary data. In order to look over the vegetation status, an actual vegetation map was drawn around study area. Vegetation structure survey was carried out for 6 representative communities of actual vegetation which were Quercus variavilis community, Carpinus tschonoskii community, Pinus densiflora community, P. densiflora-Broadleaf deciduous Forest community, Q. mongolica community and Broadleaf deciduous Forest community. The area of the Tongdosa district measured $29,202,262m^2$. Actual vegetation type were divided into 35 types, and the ratio of Q. variavilis community was 32.35 % ($9,447,932m^2$). To investigate the structure of 6 representative communities, 58 plots were set up and unit area plots measured $100m^2$. The estimated age of the forest is 50~100-years-old and the oldest tree P. densiflora is 113-years-old.

• 한국환경생태학회지
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.30-41
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• 1995

불갑산지역의 상록활엽수림에 대한 식생구조를 분석하기 위하여 40개 조사구에 대한 TWINSPAN과 DCA Ordination 기법을 적용한 결과 5개 식물군집유형 즉 푸조나무군집, 참식나무-푸조나무-비자나무군집, 낙엽활엽수혼효림군, 갈참나무군집. 굴참나무-갈참나무군집으로 분리되었다. 그러나 불갑산 식생은 천이도중상의 불안정한 식생구조라고 판단된다. 상록활엽수림대에서 극상수종으로 판단되는 참식나무는 푸조나무와 정의 상관관계를, 개서어나무, 굴참나무, 갈참나무와 부의 상관관계를 나타냈다.

• Current Research on Agriculture and Life Sciences
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• 제23권
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• pp.9-18
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• 2005

Vegetation composition and structure of forest community at Mt. Bislsan, Dalseung-Gun, Daegu in Korea, were studied using a qualitative with a quantitative approach and its vegetation types and various ecological characteristics such as the importance values, species diversity of the major component species analyzed. The forest vegetation were classified into 2 community group, 14 community, 6 group, and total of 18 vegetation units. Pinus densiflora distributed mainly from lower at the sea level, while Quercus mongolica tended to distributed upper altitude in Physiognomical vegetation. the species diversity values showed mostly 0.8 and Quercus dentata, Quercus serrato and Cornus controversa Community and so on highly showed to 1.0 and 1.1. According to the results of importance value analysis, the I.V. of pinus densiflora and Quercus mongolica highly showed in the tree and subtree layer, and Rhododendron mucronulatum and Lindera obtusiloba and so on highly showed in the shrub.

• 한국환경복원기술학회지
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• 제17권3호
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• pp.35-51
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• 2014

A phytosociological vegetation survey was conducted in July to September 2011 in order to examine the vegetation community structure in Mt. Ohseo area. It was aimed to provide basic data for the effective vegetation conservation by analyzing the importance, species diversity and community similarity of the forest community in Mt. Ohseo for each layer, followed by the classification of the actual forest vegetation. According to the cluster analysis, the community type of Mt. Ohseo was classified into a total of 4 vegetation communities: Pinus densiflora community, Cornus controversa-Quercus serrata community, Miscanthus sinensis community, and Quercus mongolica community; the vegetation type 4 showed the lowest species diversity index of 0.5236, and vegetation type-2 showed the highest species diversity index of 0.6606. The community similarity between Quercus mongolica community and Pinus densiflora community showed the highest 0.679, and the community similarity between Quercus serrata community and Pinus densiflora community and between Quercus serrata community and Quercus mongolica community showed the levels of 0.5, respectively.