• Journal of Radiation Protection and Research
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• v.28 no.3
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• pp.215-223
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• 2003

Against major release of radioactive material in nuclear power plant, Emergency Planning Zone(EPZ)s are typically established around nuclear power plants to effectively perform the public protective measures. The domestic methodology to determine the size of the EPZ is similar to that of Japan established in 1980, where calculations were based on the conservative accident source term. The objective of this study is to re-evaluate the validity of established EPZ, the area within the radius of $8{\sim}10km$ around domestic nuclear power plants, using the source terms covering full spectrum of accidents obtained from PSA study of ULJIN 3&4. To evaluate the risks of health effects, the computer code MACCS2(MELCOR Accident Consequence Code System2) was used. The result shows that the existing EPZ can reduce the probability of early fatality adequately for most of the source term categories(STCs) except for STC-14 and STC-19. In case of STC-14 and 19, the evacuation distance of 16km and 13km, respectively, are required. These distances can be reduced by improving emergency preparedness since the sensitivity studies for the public protective actions show that the magnitude of early fatality is largely affected by the time delays in notification and evacuation.

• The Transactions of the Korean Institute of Power Electronics
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.191-197
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• 2012

This paper proposes a new synthetic test circuit (STC) to confirm the switching operation of thyristor valve in HVDC converter. The proposed STC uses a 6-pulse thyristor converter with 2-phase chopper as a high-current source to provide turn-on current to the test valve. The operation of proposed STC was verified through theoretical analysis and computer simulations. Based on computer simulations, a hardware scaled model was built and tested to confirm the feasibility of implementing a real-size test facility. The proposed system has an advantage of simple structure and operation over the existing system.

• The Journal of the Acoustical Society of Korea
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• v.25 no.8
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• pp.356-361
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• 2006

We present the performance of differential space-time block decoders. which does not require the channel state information. We suggest the structure of the multiple blocks differential space time decoders. which does not require the channel state information, and analyze the Performances. In quasi-static flat fading channels. the Performance of multiple blocks differential detection (MD-STC) outperforms that of 2 blocks(D-STC) by 1.5dB. But in the time-selective fading channels due to Doppler frequency $(f_d)$, the performance of MD-STC degrades as the vehicular speed is greater than 200km/hr in 802.16e systems, where the data transmission rate is 144kbps.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Physical Medicine
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.83-91
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• 2020

PURPOSE: Postural and structural asymmetry due to muscle imbalances around the lower back and pelvis are the causes of back pain. Muscle imbalances in patients with chronic low back pain affect the pelvic tilt and movement, and it is necessary to assess the pelvic movement ability using the appropriate tools to determine the mediating effects of lower back pain. This paper reports the reliability and validity of the Sensbalance Therapy Cushion (STC) for pelvic movement and proprioception. METHODS: In this study, the Wii balance board (WBB) was used as a golden standard for pelvic movement measurements. FABQ, KODI, Myovision, and Pelvic movement were measured in 50 patients with chronic low back pain. The correlation between the lower-back muscle activity and pelvic movement was checked. The pelvic movement parameter was measured twice to determine the intra-rater reliability. RESULTS: The STC showed high test-retest reliability in the pelvic tilt measurements (ICC = .672 - .809). The test-retest reliability of proprioception measurements (ICC = .588 - .859) and reaction time measurements (ICC = .542 - .836) were also high. The relationship between the WBB and STC showed a significant positive correlation with the pelvic tilt test (p < .01). The posterior pelvic tilt and lower-back muscle activity showed a significant negative correlation (p < .01). The pelvic left tilt and lower-back muscle activity showed a significant negative correlation (p < .05). CONCLUSION: The results revealed the high reliability and validity of the STC. Therefore, the STC can be used as an objective measuring device for evaluating pelvic tilt, proprioception, and reaction time in low back pain patients.

• Proceedings of the IEEK Conference
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• 2000.09a
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• pp.123-126
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• 2000

STC(Sinusoidal Transform Coding) 방식은 음성신호의 주파수 영역에서 스펙트럼 피크치들을 정현파로 모델링하여 합성하는 방식을 말한다. 저전송률 STC 방식에서는 전송되는 정보량을 줄이기 위해 스펙트럼 피크를 대신해 음성신호의 스펙트럼 포락선 정보와, 피치정보를 이용하여 얻어지는 고조파 성분들을 정현파로 모델링하여 음성을 합성한다. 본 논문에서는 음성신호의 정현파 모델에 기반하여 2.4kbps 전송속도를 갖는 음성부호화 알고리즘을 제안하였으며, 실험결과로 합성음의 파형과 스펙트럼 특성, 위상특성, 그리고 MOS(Mean Opinion Score) 테스트를 이용한 합성음의 음질을 비교/분석 하였다.

• Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.46 no.1
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• pp.70-76
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• 2013

Some fish live in aquatic environments with low or temporally changing $O_2$ availability. Variation in dissolved oxygen (DO) levels requires behavioral, physiological, and biochemical adaptations to ensure the uptake of sufficient $O_2$. Several species are relatively well adapted to tolerate low $O_2$ partial pressures (hypoxia). The medaka (Oryzias dancena ) is an important model organism for biomedical research that shows remarkable tolerance to hypoxia. We investigated the regulation and role of hypoxia-inducible factor-1 (HIF-$1{\alpha}$) as a general hypoxia-response gene and stanniocalcin-2 (STC2), which is one of the genes regulated by HIF-$1{\alpha}$ in mammals under hypoxia. We subjected adult male medaka to the following three acute hypoxia regimes: 1, 24, and 72 h at DO = $1.8{\pm}0.5$ ppm. The changes in STC2 and HIF-$1{\alpha}$ mRNA were monitored using quantitative real-time reverse-transcription PCR. We found strong upregulation of HIF-$1{\alpha}$ mRNA in the livers of fish exposed to hypoxia. Hypoxia rapidly upregulated STC-2 mRNA expression in muscle, but not in the brain, gills, liver, or intestine. Therefore, unlike in mammals, hypoxia might regulate O. dancena STC-2 expression in an HIF-$1{\alpha}$-independent manner.

• Journal of Satellite, Information and Communications
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.27-34
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• 2007

A mobile satellite broadcasting service including an ancillary terrestrial component (ATC) takes advantage of the satellite's inherent capability to provide broadcast service over global coverage. We consider the downlink transmission concept using ATC with space=time code (STC) for the mobile satellite communication. We do not regard ATC as simply a repeater but consider it as an antenna for STC. First transmission scenarios for an application of STC are represented. Next, we apply STC in the mobile satellite system including ATC and compare the system performance in the proposed architecture of ATC to that in the conventional structure. The simulation results are compared to the conventional downlink transmission concept for the mobile satellite broadcasting service.

• Proceedings of the KIPE Conference
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• 2011.07a
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• pp.216-217
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• 2011

HVDC System의 핵심 구성요소인 대용량 전력변환장치의 신뢰도를 확보하기 위해서는 시스템 설치 전에 전력변환장치를 구성하는 각 Thyrister Valve의 동작성능 검증이 매우 중요하다. 이러한 검증은 모든 Thyrister Valve를 대상으로 한 전수검사를 기본으로 하므로 Thyrister Valve의 성능시험장치 개발이 필요하다. 이 논문에서는 Full Power 시험과 유사한 특성을 얻기 위한 시험장치의 용량을 최소화하기 위하여 STC(Synthetic Test Circuit)기법을 사용한 2kV, 200A급의 STC를 Simplorer6.0프로그램을 이용하여 구현하였으며, STC의 동작특성을 모의 하였다.

• Proceedings of the PSK Conference
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• 2002.10a
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• pp.276.1-276.1
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• 2002

It is well known that cisplatin. one of chemotherapeutic agents. induces DNA damage and kill cancer cells mainly by apoptosis. We recently synthesized a novel Pt(IV)-based anticancer agent. trans.cis-Pt(acetato)2C12(1.4-butanediamine) (K101) with octahedral structure. To evaluate antitumor activity about human cancer of K101, we have performed histoculture drug response assay in 35 cases of colorectal cancer patients. (omitted)

• Speech Sciences
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• v.9 no.4
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• pp.113-130
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• 2002

Measurements were made of pressure rise time (PoRT), voice cessation time, flattened peak intraoral air pressure (Po), pressure static time (PoST), pressure-fall time and the duration of oral closure as four English speakers uttered isolated nonsense $V_{1}CV_{2}$ words containing /b/ and /p/ ($V_{1}=V_{2}$ and the V was /$\alpha$/), with stress on either $V_{1}orV_{2}$ alternately. The hypothesis tested was: The tense stop consonant. will be characterized either by a higher Po or a longer PoST, and/or by both against lax. Findings: (1) PoRT was significantly greater in /b/ than /p/, (2) the voiceless stop /p/ produced generally greater mean Po, averaged across five tokens, than its voiced counterpart /b/, but statistically insignificant, and (3) altogether, across stress, tokens and subjects, the difference in the calculated pressure static time (PoSTc), i.e., PoST + PoRT, between /p/ and /b/ was highly significant (p $\leq$ 0.003). Although further investigations remain to be taken, the results strongly supported the linguistic hypothesis of tense-lax distinction, with /b/ being lax and /p/ tense. Airflow resistance at the glottis and supraglottal air volume are assumed to be responsible for much of difference in PoRT between /p/ and /b/. The PoSTc reflecting, although indirectly, the respiratory efforts during the oral closure of a stop, was a convincing phonetic parameter of the consonantal tenseness based on respiratory efforts. The effects of stress on Po and PoSTc were inconsistent, and the shorter PoRT than consonantal constriction interval was always accompanied by Po and PoST.