• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
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• 2010.05a
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• pp.441-443
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• 2010

Techniques for processing continuous queries are required to developing the various types of application services in ubiquitous environment where the real-time data acquisition from a lot of sensors, analysis, and processing are required. In the previous works of the continuous queries, they have represented all of the continuous queries as the interval queries or region queries, and proposed some methods for processing theses queries. The types of continuous queries, however, are very various, and could be presented by combining the attribute conditions, spatial conditions, and temporal conditions. In this paper, I have classify the types of continuous queries, and have proposed the continuous query model which could be presented by combining those conditions. The contributions of this paper include that it proposes the query model representing the continuous queries and suggests future research directions.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Crop Science Conference
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• 2001.05a
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• pp.106-107
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• 2001

• Korean Journal of Agricultural and Forest Meteorology
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• v.26 no.1
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• pp.75-88
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• 2024

It would be advantageous to predict acreage and yield of crops in major grain-exporting countries, which would improve decisions on policy making and grain trade in Korea. A climate suitability model can be used to assess crop acreage and yield in a region where the availability of observation data is limited for the use of process-based crop models. The objective of this study was to determine the climate suitability index of wheat by province in Ukraine, which would allow for the spatial assessment of acreage and yield for the given crop. In the present study, the official data of wheat acreage and yield were collected from the State Statistics Service of Ukraine. The EarthStat data, which is a data product derived from satellite data and official crop reports, were also gathered for the comparison with the map of climate suitability index. The Fuzzy Union model was used to create the climate suitability maps under the historical climate conditions for the period from 1970 to 2000. These maps were compared against actual acreage and yield by province. It was found that the EarthStat data for acreage and yield of wheat differed from the corresponding official data in several provinces. On the other hand, the climate suitability index obtained using the Fuzzy Union model explained the variation in acreage and yield at a reasonable degree. For example, the correlation coefficient between the climate suitability index and yield was 0.647. Our results suggested that the climate suitability index could be used to indicate the spatial distribution of acreage and yield within a region of interest.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.29 no.2
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• pp.343-347
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• 1997

Effect of culture conditions on the fermentation of wheat flour solution by mixed lactic acid bacteria of Lactobacillus brevis, L. fermentum and L. plantarum was investigated. The optimum temperature for the fermentation of wheat flour solution was $35^{\circ}C$ because pH decreased the lowest value and TTA (total titrable acidity) increased the highest value at this temperature. In aerobic condition, fermentor was purged with air at 1.0 vvm and was purged with nitrogen gas at 1.0 vvm in anaerobic condition. The decrease of pH and the increase of TTA in aerobic condition were higher than those in anaerobic condition. In aerobic condition, the optimum condition of oxygen supply was found to be oxygen transfer rate coefficient of $60\;hr^{-1}$ which corresponded to agitation speed of 250 rpm in a 5 L fermentor. Repeated fed-batch cultures were performed using pH-stat in order to increase the productivity of fermented wheat flour. With increasing the repeated fraction of culture volume, mean cycle time increased but maximum operation time decreased. However, the volume of produced broth per culture volume per time and total volume of produced broth per culture volume were maximum at the repeated fraction of culture volume of 20%. In a repeated fed-batch fermentation of wheat flour solution using mixed lactic acid bacteria, the culture condition was optimum at temerature of $35^{\circ}C$, aeration rate of 1.0 vvm, oxygen transfer rate coefficient of $60\;hr^{-1}$, and repeated fraction of culture volume of 20%.

• Journal of Applied Biological Chemistry
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• v.64 no.2
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• pp.185-192
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• 2021

Psoriasis is a chronic intractable skin disease caused by various inflammatory cytokines such as IL-6, CXCL8, TNF-α, and IFN-γ, as well as IL-17A secreted from Th17 cells and is characterized by hyperkeratosis and chronic inflammation of the epidermis. Brazilin, an active ingredient of Caesalpinia sappan L., is known to exert antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activity, and function in skin barrier improvement. In particular, it was shown as a potential material for treating psoriasis in a tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α-stimulated HaCaT keratinocyte model. However, the direct regulation of the C-C motif chemokine ligand (CCL) 20, a psoriasis-inducing factor, by brazilin has not been reported. Therefore, in this study, we investigated the suppression of CCL20 and the regulatory mechanism by brazilin using a psoriasis-like model. First, brazilin downregulated CCL20 and CXCL8 in IL-17A-stimulated HaCaT cells in a concentration-dependent manner by inhibiting signal transducer and transcription (STAT)3 phosphorylation. In addition, brazilin significantly inhibited the expression of psoriasis-related genes CXCL8, CCL20, IL-1, IL-6, and TNF-α in TNF-α/IL-17A/IFN-γ-stimulated HaCaT cells. Moreover, brazilin also had a positive effect on improving the skin barrier in TNF-α/IL-17A/IFN-γ-stimulated HaCaT cells. The above results indicated that brazilin ultimately downregulated CCL20 expression by inhibiting STAT3 phosphorylation, and also suppressed the expression of psoriasis-induced cytokines. If the efficacy of brazilin in improving psoriasis is verified through animal models and clinical trials in the future, it may represent a potentially therapeutic substance for psoriasis patients.

• Journal of Korean Society of Environmental Engineers
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• v.27 no.3
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• pp.293-301
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• 2005

We conducted several different leaching experiments for assessing the potential environmental risk when utilizing recycled concrete for stabilizing bridge pier. The methods include continuous batch leaching test (DIN 38414-S4), availability test (NEN 7341), pH-stat test (CEN/TC 292/WG6) and tank diffusion test (NEN 7345). The concentration ranges vary depending on the testing method. Nearly all the trace elements were low, some elements recording under detection limit. The maximum concentrations for trace elements leached throughout the whole tests are (as mg/L); Cd (0.029), Cu (0.437), Pb (0.14), Ni, Zn (0.95), Hg (0.005). Although the testing methods we used in this study are much more rigorous than other commonly adapted method including TCLP and domestic testing method for solid waste, the trace elemental concentrations are under the criteria for hazardous material set by the TCLP and domestic method. The result seems to suggest that applying the recycled concrete on stream water will be accepatable practice as for as trace elements are concerned. However, the influence of inorganics such as Ca, Mg, Ni and $SO_4^{2-}$ on aquatic ecology should be further examined.

• 한국생물공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2000.11a
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• pp.356-359
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• 2000

A two-stage fed-batch fermentation was carried out to increase xylitol productivity by Candida tropicalis. The first stage for cell growth was performed in the pH-stat and continuous fed-batch modes. The higher cell growth and lower ethanol production obtained in the fed-batch mode where the growth medium was fed when pH of culture broth increased over 5.7. And also the effect of oxygen transfer on xylitol production was investigated by changing agitation speed under 0.5 vvm of aeration. The maximum xylitol productivity and yield were obtained at 500 rpm of agitation.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.42 no.7
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• pp.1125-1132
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• 2013

In the kimchi manufacturing process, the starter is cultured on a large-scale and needs to be supplied at a low price to kimchi factories. However, current high costs associated with the culture of lactic acid bacteria for the starter, have led to rising kimchi prices. To solve this problem, the development of a new medium for culturing lactic acid bacteria was studied. The base materials of a this novel medium consisted of Chinese cabbage extract, a carbon source, a nitrogen source, and inorganic salts. The optimal composition of this medium was determined to be 30% Chinese cabbage extract, 2% maltose, 0.25% yeast extract, and $2{\times}$ salt stock (2% sodium acetate trihydrate, 0.8% disodium hydrogen phosphate, 0.8% sodium citrate, 0.8% ammonium sulfate, 0.04% magnesium sulfate, 0.02% manganese sulfate). The newly developed medium was named MFL (medium for lactic acid bacteria). After culture for 24 hr at $30^{\circ}C$, the CFU/mL of Leuconostoc (Leuc.) citreum GR1 in MRS and MFL was $3.41{\times}10^9$ and $7.49{\times}10^9$, respectively. The number of cells in the MFL medium was 2.2 times higher than their number in the MRS media. In a scale-up process using this optimized medium, the fermentation conditions for Leuc. citreum GR1 were tested in a 2 L working volume using a 5 L jar fermentor at $30^{\circ}C$. At an impeller speed of 50 rpm (without pH control), the viable cell count was $8.60{\times}10^9$ CFU/mL. From studies on pH-stat control fermentation, the optimal pH and regulating agent was determined to be 6.8 and NaOH, respectively. At an impeller speed of 50 rpm with pH control, the viable cell count was $11.42{\times}10^9(1.14{\times}10^{10})$ CFU/mL after cultivation for 20 hr - a value was 3.34 times higher than that obtained using the MRS media in biomass production. This MFL media is expected to have economic advantages for the cultivation of Leuc. citreum GR1 as a starter for kimchi production.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.22 no.9
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• pp.1243-1253
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• 2012

The production and secretion of growth hormone (GH) in the anterior pituitary gland can be induced by several natural products to control cell proliferation, differentiation, and migration. To investigate whether Chungkookjang (CKJ) produced by the fermentation process affects GH-related metabolism, the secretion and the response of GH were observed in pituitary cells and GH target cells. Among six CKJs manufactured by different strains of glycine max, only three CKJs, including Daewon (DW), Daepung (DP), and Taegwang (TG), induced GH secretion from GH3 cells at 5.0 mg/ml concentration. There were no significant changes detected in the viability of any of the cells treated with these CKJs. In addition, the increase in GH secretion from the GH3 cells was dependent on the concentration of the three types of CKJs. The proliferation of cell lines, including MG63 and HepG2 cells, that originated from those derived from the GH target organs was significantly activated by treatment with the GH-containing conditional medium (GCM) harvested from the three CKJ-treated GH3 cells, although their induction rate was different from each other. In these cells, p-STAT5 was maximally translocated into the nucleus of MG63 cells 30 min after DW treatment, while it was translocated in HepG2 cells at 60 min. These results suggest that these three types of CKJ could enhance the secretion of GH, as well as the GCM-derived response, in the two target organs.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Embryo Transfer Conference
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• 2002.11a
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• pp.82-82
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• 2002

Catalase(CAT)는 주요한 활성산소(ROS)의 일종인 과산화수소($H_2O$$_2$)가 Hydroxyl 유리기 생성에 관여하지 못하도록 $H_2O$$_2$를 $H_2O$ 및 $O_2$로 대사시켜 주는 효소계 항산화제의 한 종류이다. 따라서 본 실험에서는 CAT가 5% $O_2$및 20% $O_2$조건하에서 1-세포기 돼지체외수정란의 배발달에 미치는 영향을 조사하였다. 돼지난포란을 10% PFF, 0.1mg/ml cysteine, 10IU/m1 PMSG, 10IU/m1 hCG 및 10ng/m1 EGF가 첨가된 NCSU23 배양액에서 22시간 동안 배양을 실시하고, 성선자극호르몬이 배제된 배양액에서 추가로 22시간을 배양하여 체외성숙을 유도하였다. 체외성숙이 유기된 난자는 난구세포를 제거하고, 2.5mM caffeine과 0.1% BSA가 첨가된 mTBM 배양액에 정자를 1.25 $\times$ $10^{5}$cells/ml의 농도로 5-6시 동안 공동배양을 실시하여 체외수정을 유도하였다. 체외수정후 1-세포기의 수정란을 0.4mg/ml BSA가 첨가된 NCSU23 배양액에 CAT를 각각 0, 100, 500 및1,000uni1 첨가하여 30 embryos/ 50u1 소적으로하여 38.8$^{\circ}C$, 5% $CO_2$및 5%$CO_2$, 5% $O_2$90% $N_2$조건하의 배양기에서 각각 7일간 배양을 실시하였다. 조사된 결과는 SAS/STAT 6.03 Package를 이용하여 통계분석을 실시하였다. 체외배양 48시간에 난할률을 조사하였을 때, 대조구와 처리구간 차이가 인정되지 않았으나, 배양 7일째 배반포형성률에 있어서는 각각 22.7$\pm$2.7, 22.1$\pm$3.9, 18.7$\pm$4.9, 및 15.1$\pm$2.5%로서 처리구가 대조구보다 유의적으로 낮은 결과를 나타냈다. 그리고 산소농도에 따른 배반포형성률은 5% $O_2$ 조건(22.1$\pm$2.4%)이 20% $O_2$조건(17.2$\pm$2%)보다 유의적(P<0.05)으로 높은 것으로 나타났다. 총세포수에 있어서는 각각 44.4$\pm$4.0, 43.3$\pm$36, 25.4$\pm$2.4 및 13.4$\pm$1.5로서 처리구가 대조구보다 세포수가 적은 것으로 나타났으며, 산소농도에 따른 차이는 인정되지 않았다. 따라서, 체외생산된 돼지초기수정란을 배양할 때, CAT의 첨가는 효과가 없는 것으로 나타났다.다.