• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• 제61권1호
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• pp.42-50
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• 2018

Objective : Massive intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) and major infarction (MI) are devastating cerebral vascular diseases. Decompression craniectomy (DC) is a common treatment approach for these diseases and acceptable clinical results have been reported. Author experienced the postoperative intracranaial pressure (ICP) trend is somewhat different between the ICH and MI patients. In this study, we compare the ICP trend following DC and evaluate the clinical significance. Methods : One hundred forty-three patients who underwent DC following massive ICH (81 cases) or MI (62 cases) were analyzed retrospectively. The mean age was $56.3{\pm}14.3$ (median=57, male : female=89 : 54). DC was applied using consistent criteria in both diseases patients; Glasgow coma scale (GCS) score less than 8 and a midline shift more than 6 mm on brain computed tomography. In all patients, ventricular puncture was done before the DC and ICP trends were monitored during and after the surgery. Outcome comparisons included the ictus to operation time (OP-time), postoperative ICP trend, favorable outcomes and mortality. Results : Initial GCS (p=0.364) and initial ventricular ICP (p=0.783) were similar among the ICH and MI patients. The postoperative ICP of ICH patients were drop rapidly and maintained within physiological range if greater than 80% of the hematoma was removed. While in MI patients, the postoperative ICP were not drop rapidly and maintained above the physiologic range (MI=18.8 vs. ICH=13.6 mmHg, p=0.000). The OP-times were faster in ICH patients (ICH=7.3 vs. MI=40.9 hours, p=0.000) and the mortality rate was higher in MI patients (MI=37.1% vs. ICH=17.3%, p=0.007). Conclusion : The results of this study suggest that if greater than 80% of the hematoma was removed in ICH patients, the postoperative ICP rarely over the physiologic range. But in MI patients, the postoperative ICP was above the physiologic range for several days after the DC. Authors propose that DC is no need for the massive ICH patient if a significant portion of their hematoma is removed. But DC might be essential to improve the MI patients' outcome and timely treatment decision.

• Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
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• 제36권2호
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• pp.37-49
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• 2014

Purpose: This study compares the bone formation ability of tricalcium phosphate (TCP) with and without recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein-2 (rhBMP-2) and assesses TCP as a carrier of rhBMP-2. Methods: Bilateral round defects (diameter: 8.0 mm) were formed in the cranium of eight New Zealand white rabbits. The defects were grafted with TCP only (control group) or with rhBMP-2-coated TCP (experimental group). The animals were sacrificed at 1st week, 2nd week, 4th week, and 8th week postoperatively; two rabbits sacrificed each time. The skulls were harvested and subjected to radiographic and histological examination. Results: Radiologic evaluation showed faster bone remodeling in the experimental group than in the control group. Histologic evaluation (H&E, Masson's trichrome stain) showed rapid bone formation, remodeling and calcification in the 1st and 2nd week in the experimental group. Immunohistochemical evaluation showed higher expression rate of osteoprotegerin, receptor activator of nuclear factor ${\kappa}B$ ligand, and receptor activator of nuclear factor ${\kappa}B$ in the experimental group at the 1st and 2nd week than in the control group. Conclusion: rhBMP-2 coated TCP resulted in rapid bone formation, remodeling, and calcification due to rhBMP-2's osteogenic effect. TCP performed properly as a carrier for rhBMP-2. Thus, the use of an rhBMP-2 coating on TCP had a synergic effect on bone healing and, especially, bone remodeling and maturation.

• 한국축산식품학회지
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• 제37권5호
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• pp.716-725
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• 2017

The objective of this study was to determine the relationship between composition of muscle fiber types and meat quality traits of eight major muscles from Hanwoo steers. Longissimus lumborum (LL), psoas major (PM), semimembranosus (SM), semitendinosus (ST), gluteus medius (GM), triceps brachii (TB), rectus abdominis (RA) and superficialis flexor (SF) muscles were obtained from 9 Hanwoo steers and subjected to histochemical analysis. There were significant (p<0.05) differences in fiber number percentage (FNP) and fiber area percentage (FAP) of fiber types among these 8 major muscles. SF had the highest FNP of type I (55.9%), followed by PM (46.4%), TB (45.4%), RA (38.5%), LD (36.8%), GM (36.0%), SM (22.2%), and ST (18.8%). FAP of type IIB ranged from 9.9% in SF to 58.7% in ST. Meat quality traits, including fat content, myoglobin content, collagen content, CIE $L^*$ and $a^*$, drip and cooking loss, sarcomere length and Warner-Bratzler shear force, were all significantly (p<0.05) different among these muscles. Due to such diversities among these 8 muscles, lack of correlations were found between fiber type composition and meat quality traits. These results suggest that correlation for each individual muscle should be used to improve meat quality and profitability of retail beef cuts.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• 제58권1호
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• pp.37-40
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• 2015

The presence of a single coronary artery is a rare congenital anomaly; such patients often present with severe myocardial ischemia. We experienced the case of a 13-year-old girl with the right coronary artery originating from the left circumflex artery. She visited our Emergency Department owing to severe chest pain; her cardiac enzyme levels were elevated, but her initial electrocardiogram (ECG) was normal. Echocardiography showed normal anatomy and normal regional wall motion. When she presented with recurrent chest pain on admission, the ECG showed significant ST-segment elevation in the left precordial leads and inferior leads with ST-segment depression in aVR lead, suggesting myocardial ischemia, and her cardiac enzyme levels were also elevated. We performed coronary angiography that showed a single right coronary artery originating from the left circumflex artery without stenosis. We confirmed the presence of a single coronary artery using coronary computed tomography. In addition, the treadmill test that was performed showed normal results. She was discharged from the hospital without any medications but with a recommendation of a regular followup.

• 한국융합학회논문지
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.171-180
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• 2018

본 연구는 배우자지지가 초산모의 산후우울과 자기효능감에 미치는 융합적 효과를 알아보기 위해 37명의 정상만삭아를 분만한 초산모와 그들의 배우자를 대상으로 시행되었다. 배우자는 산후관리와 아기돌봄에 대한 교육자료와 함께 3회의 교육을 받은 후 산후 1주부터 6주까지 산후관리와 아기돌봄을 실천하였다. 산후 1주와 6주에 각각 수집된 자료는 SPSS 20.0으로 분석하였다. 산후 1주와 6주의 산후우울 유병률은 각각 24.3% 와 0% 였다. 배우자의 지지는 초산모의 산후우울을 감소시켰고 자기효능감을 증가시켰으며(p<.001), 산후우울에는 산후도우미, 월수입, 산전우울이, 산후 자기효능감에는 임신 중 입원치료가 영향을 미치는 요인으로 나타났다(p<.05). 본 연구결과는 대상자수를 확대하고 대조군을 설정한 후속연구 후 초산모의 산후우울감소와 자기효능감증진 프로그램개발에 활용될 수 있다.

• 대한한방소아과학회지
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• 제27권3호
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• pp.29-40
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• 2013

Objectives The purpose of this study is to evaluate the effect of hot spring bath in obese children. Methods The study was conducted with 20 obese children whose BMI were over 20 ($kg/m^2$). The hot spring bath program was performed in the hot-spring facilities with temperature of $32{\sim}36^{\circ}C$. The children bathed four times from June to July, 2012. Prior to their bath, their heights, weights, and body compositions were measured every time. They were also confirmed their obesity index and obesity degree during the program. Results After the bathing program, degree of obesity has changed, three obesity judgment index (BMI, RI and OI) of the children have decreased (BMI, RI, OI on the $1^{st}$ day: $25.99{\pm}3.47$, $177.63{\pm}17.43$, $37.74{\pm}13.42$; on the $4^{th}$ day: $25.06{\pm}3.08$, $168.4{\pm}14.8$, $30.60{\pm}12.12$), so have body fat mass and percent body fat (BFM, PBF on the $1^{st}$ day: $21.83{\pm}7.03$, $38.24{\pm}3.36$; on the $4^{th}$ day:$19.55{\pm}6.35$, $34.20{\pm}3.77$), but skeletal muscle mass has increased (SMM on the $1^{st}$ day: $18.37{\pm}4.24$ ; on the $4^{th}$ day: $19.80{\pm}4.44$). Conclusions This study shows that hot spring bath could be an effective way of managing and treating obesity.

• 대한한방내과학회지
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• 제37권5호
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• pp.763-769
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• 2016

Objective: To confirm the immediate gait improvement in a post-stroke gait disturbance patient equipped with a weighted vest. Methods: We selected a patient who was able to walk without another’s help or with tools. The selected patient had an unstable gait because she had only started an independent gait within the past week, so we thought that a weighted vest could be very helpful for her. We first collected gait parameters using a treadmill gait analysis system while the patient walked on the treadmill without the weighted vest. After a 10-minute break, gait parameters were collected again while the patient walked on the treadmill while wearing the weighted vest. The gait parameters we collected included step length (cm), stance phase (%), swing phase (%), SW/ST, and gait line length (mm). For objective evaluation of gait improvement, we calculated the ratio of gait parameters of the right and left limbs. Results: The gait of the post-stroke patient was more symmetrical when wearing the weighted vest than without the weighted vest. Without the weighted vest, her step length ratio was 0.78, stance phase ratio was 0.88, swing phase ratio was 1.50, SW/ST ratio was 1.70, and gait line length ratio was 0.91. With the weighted vest, her step length ratio was 0.88, stance phase ratio was 0.90, swing phase ratio was 1.38, SW/ST ratio was 1.54, and gait line length ratio was 0.98. No side effects were observed due to the weighted vest.

• 한국식품과학회지
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• 제16권1호
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• pp.90-94
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• 1984

Malo-alcohol 발효효모(醱酵酵母) Schizosaccharomyces japonicus var. japonius St-3에 의한 사과산의 대사경로(代謝經路)를 검토한 결과는 다음과 같다. Schiz, japonicus var. japonicus St-3의 조효소(粗酵素)의 활성(活性)을 측정(測定)한 바, malic enzyme(EC1. 1. 1. 40)의 효소활성(活性)이 malate dehydrogenase(EC1. 1. 1. 37)보다 약 4배 높았으며 양효소(兩酵素)의 기질(基質)인 L-malate에 대한 Km치(値)는 malic enzymed l 3. 125mM, malated dehydrogenase는 4. 761mM로써 기질에 대한 친화성(親和性)에 있어서 malic enzyme 쪽이 훨씬 컸다. malo-alcohol발효(醱酵)과정중 사과산이 소시(消矢)되어 pyruvate가 생성(生成)됨을 확인(確認)할 수있었으며 $Mn^{2+}$에 의해 malic enzyme의 활성(活性)이 촉진(促進)되었다. 이상의 결과(結果)로 미루어 본(本) 공시균(供試菌)에 의한 사과산 대사(代謝)의 주경로(主經路)는 $malate{\rightarrow}pyruvate{\rightarrow}acetaldehyde{\rightarrow}ethanol$의 경로(經路)를 거치는 것으로 추정(推定)할 수 있었다.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• 제37권5호
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• pp.364-369
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• 2005

Objective: Spinal instrumentation without fusion often fails due to biological failure of intervertebral joints (spontaneous fusion, degeneration, etc). The purpose of this study is to investigate the influence of fixation rigidity on viability of intervertebral joints. Methods: Twenty pigs in growing period were subjected to posterior segmental fixation. Twelve were fixed with a rigid fixation system(RF) while eight were fixed with a flexible unconstrained implant(FF). At the time of the surgery, a scoliosis was created to monitor fixation adequacy. The pigs were subjected to periodic radiological examinations and 12pigs (six in RF, six in FF) were euthanized at 12-18months postoperatively for analysis. Results: The initial scoliotic curve was reduced from $31{\pm}5^{\circ}$ to $27{\pm}8^{\circ}$ in RF group (p=0.37) and from $19{\pm}4^{\circ}$ to $17{\pm}5^{\circ}$ in FF group (p=0.21). Although severe disc degeneration and spontaneous fusion of facet joints were observed in RF group, disc heights of FF group were well maintained without major signs of degeneration. Conclusion: The viability of the intervertebral joints depends on motion spinal fixation. Systems allowing intervertebral micromotion may preserve the viability of intervertebral discs and the facet joint articular cartilages while maintaining a reasonably stable fixation.

• 보존과학회지
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• 제37권4호
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• pp.322-339
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• 2021

This paper focuses on the dating and provenance of two paintings, Climbing the hill and View from St. John's Fort by the prominent Singaporean artist Liu Kang (1911-2004). Climbing the hill, from the National Gallery Singapore collection, was believed to have been created in 1937, based on the date painted by the artist. However, a non-invasive examination unveiled evidence of an underlying paint scheme and a mysterious date, 1948 or 1949. These findings prompted a comprehensive technical study of the artwork in conjunction with comparative analyses of View from St. John's Fort (1948), from the Liu family collection. The latter artwork is considered to be depicting the same subject matter. The investigation was carried out with UVF, NIR, IRFC, XRR, digital microscopy, PLM and SEM-EDS to elucidate the materials and technique of both artworks and find characteristic patterns that could indicate a relationship between both paintings and assist in correctly dating Climbing the hill. The technical analyses were supplemented with the historical information derived from the Liu family archives. The results showed that Climbing the hill was created in 1948 or 1949 on top of an earlier composition painted in Shanghai between 1933 and 1937. As for the companion View from St. John's Fort from 1948, the artist reused an earlier painting created in France in 1931. The analytical methods suggested that Liu Kang used almost identical pigment mixtures for creating new artworks. However, their painting technique demonstrates some differences. Overall, this study contributes to the understanding of Liu Kang's painting materials and his working practice.