• 대한의용생체공학회:의공학회지
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• 제28권5호
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• pp.601-608
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• 2007

2 Dimensional Gel Electrophoresis(2DGE) is an essentialmethodology for analysis on the expression of various proteins. For example, information for the location, mass, expression, size and shape of the proteins obtained by 2DGE can be used for diagnosis, prognosis and biological progress by comparison of patients with the normal persons. Protein spot matching for this purpose is comparative analysis of protein expression pattern for the 2DGE images generated under different conditions. However, visual analysis of protein spots which are more than several hundreds included in a 2DGE image requires long time and heavy effort. Furthermore, geometrical distortion makes the spot matching for the same protein harder. In this paper, an iterative algorithm is introduced for more efficient spot matching. Proposed method is first performing global matching step, which reduces the geometrical difference between the landmarks and the spot to be matched. Thus, movement for a spot is defined by a weighted sum of the movement of the landmark spots. Weight for the summation is defined by the inverse of the distance from the spots to the landmarks. This movement is iteratively performed until the total sum of the difference between the corresponding landmarks is larger than a pre-selected value. Due to local distortion generally occurred in 2DGE images, there are many regions in whichmany spot pairs are miss-matched. In the second stage, the same spot matching algorithm is applied to such local regions with the additional landmarks for those regions. In other words, the same method is applied with the expanded landmark set to which additional landmarks are added. Our proposed algorithm for spot matching empirically proved reliable analysis of protein separation image by producing higher accuracy.

• 한국방사선학회논문지
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• 제5권5호
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• pp.223-229
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• 2011

X선은 X선관 내 음극측 전자(electron)를 빠른 속도로 가속시킨 다음 진행하는 전자의 흐름을 저지극(target)에서 차단시킬 때 에너지의 변환을 일으켜 발생한다. 가속된 고속의 전자가 저지면에 충돌하는 실제면적을 실초점(actual focal spot)이라 하고, 실초점의 크기를 X선이 나오는 방향인 중심선(central ray)측에서 관측할 경우 축소되어 작게 보이는데 이때의 초점을 실효초점(effective focal spot)이라고 한다. X선관 방사각에 따라 음극 측의 강도가 양극 측 보다 높게 나타나 X선 강도가 균등하지 않다. 이러한 효과를 경사각 효과(heel effect)라고 하며, 경사각 효과로 인하여 환자가 받는 피폭의 정도는 양극의 각도, 즉 실효초점의 크기에 따라 달라지게 된다. 본 논문에서는 실효초점의 크기와 그에 따른 환자 피폭선량의 상관관계를 알아보고 실효초점의 크기에 따른 균질선량 분포를 위한 효과적인 조사야를 제시하고자 한다. 결론적으로 초점크기에 따라서 평균적으로 -8cm ~ 0cm 범위에서 효과적인 조사야 범위를 찾을 수 있었고, 평균 선량률은 0.019 R/min이 나왔다. 이 범위를 이용하면 환자에게는 적은 피폭선량으로 균등한 흑화도 및 해상력을 가진 영상을 얻을 수 있을 것이다.

• 한국측량학회지
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• 제31권6_2호
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• pp.559-565
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• 2013

Spatial resolution of land covers from remotely sensed images can be increased using super-resolution mapping techniques for soft-classified land cover proportions. A further development of super-resolution mapping technique is downscaling the original remotely sensed image using super-resolution mapping techniques with a forward model. In this paper, the model for increasing spatial resolution of remote sensing multispectral image is tested with real SPOT 5 imagery at 10m spatial resolution for an area in Bac Giang Province, Vietnam in order to evaluate the feasibility of application of this model to the real imagery. The soft-classified land cover proportions obtained using a fuzzy c-means classification are then used as input data for a Hopfield neural network (HNN) to predict the multispectral images at sub-pixel spatial resolution. The 10m SPOT multispectral image was improved to 5m, 3,3m and 2.5m and compared with SPOT Panchromatic image at 2.5m resolution for assessment.Visually, the resulted image is compared with a SPOT 5 panchromatic image acquired at the same time with the multispectral data. The predicted image is apparently sharper than the original coarse spatial resolution image.

• 대한원격탐사학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한원격탐사학회 2003년도 Proceedings of ACRS 2003 ISRS
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• pp.1162-1164
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• 2003

The methods of the geometric reconstruction and sensor calibration of satellite linear pushbroom images are investigated. The model of the sensor used is based on the SPOT model that is developed by Kraiky. The satellite trajectory is a Keplerian trajectory in the approximation. Four orbit parameters, longitude of the ascending node(${\omega}$), inclination of the orbit plan(I), latitude argument of the satellite(W) and distance between earth center and satellite, are used for the camera modeling. Time-dependent orbit parameters are expressed by quadratic polynomials. SPOT-5 images have been used for validation tests. The results are that the RMSE acquired from 20 GCPs is 1.763m and the RMSE of 5 checking points 2.470m. Because the ground resolution of SPOT-5 is 2.5m, the result obtained in this study has a good accuracy. It demonstrates that the sensor model developed by this study can be used to reconstruct the geometry of satellite image using pushbroom camera.

• 대한원격탐사학회지
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• 제18권4호
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• pp.221-231
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• 2002

본 연구에서는 한국과학기술원 인공위성연구센터에서 개발한 DEM생성 알고리즘을 다양한 해상도의 위성영상에 적용하여 도심지역의 DEM생성결과를 살펴보고자 한다. 실험에 사용한 위성 영상은 10m해상도의 SPOT영상과, 6.6m해상도를 가지는 EOC영상, 1m해상도를 가지는 IKONOS위성영상이며 모든 위성영상에는 대전광역시의 도심지역이 포함되어 있다. 모든 위성영상에 대해 궤도정보 없이도 카메라 모델이 수립되는 Gupta와 Harteley(1997)가 제안한 DLT모델을 사용하였다. EOC DEM과 SPOT DEM정확도 검증은 USGS DTED를 사용하였으며, IKONOS DEM의 정확도는 DGPS측량을 수행한 23개의 검증점(check points)를 사용하여 정확도를 비교하였다. 그 결과 SPOT 위성영상으로부터 얻은 DEM은 약 38m RMS오차를 갖고 EOC DEM은 약 12m RMS오차를 보였다. 이 수치는 위성영상의 해상도를 고려하면 약 2∼4픽셀에 해당하는 오차이다. IKONOS DEM의 정확도는 약 6.5m RMS오차를 보였으며 해상도를 고려하면 약 6∼7픽셀의 오차를 가지고 있다. 이는 SPOT DEM과 EOC DEM보다 다소 높은 수치나 IKONOS DEM은 SPOT, EOC DEM과 달리 도심지역의 건물을 육안으로 구분할 수 있을 정도의 DEM을 생성하고 있다. 그러나 높이 불연속과 건물의 그림자 등에 의해 오정합이 발생하고 있어 향후 높이 불연속과 그림자의 영향을 최소화하는 알고리즘 개발이 필요하다.

• 대한원격탐사학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한원격탐사학회 2006년도 춘계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.319-322
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• 2006

2002년 5월 촬영이 시작된 SPOTS 영상은 공간해상도가 2.5mX2.5m로 고해상도이면서도 촬영폭이 광역적이어서 다양한 활용이 가능하다. SPOT5영상을 보다 유용하게 활용하기 위해서는 단순 기하보정 보다는 높은 정확도를 얻을 수 있는 정사보정이 요구된다. 보정영상의 정확도에 영향을 미치는 요소로는 지형, GCP, DEM등이 있다. 본 연구에서는 다른 조건들은 동일하게 하고, 자료 구축에 많은 시간이 소요되는 DEM(수치표고모델)의 축척만을 달리하여 보정 영상의 정확도를 비교하였다. 그 결과 DEM의 축척 변화가 보정 영상에 미치는 영향은 미비한 것으로 나타났다. 따라서 작업의 효율성을 고려할 경우에 소축척의 DEM을 사용하는 것이 바람직하다.

• Tribology and Lubricants
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• 제19권5호
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• pp.268-273
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• 2003

This paper presents hot spot behaviors on the rubbing surface of disk-pad type brake by using coupled thermal-mechanical analysis technique. The height of micro-asperity on the rubbing surface is usually 2∼3 ${\mu}$m in practical disk brakes. Non-uniform micro-contacts between the disk and the rigid friction pads lead to high local temperature distributions, which may cause the material degradation, and develop hot spots, thermal cracks, and brake system failure at the end for a braking period. The friction temperatures on the rubbing surface of disk brakes in which are strongly related to the hot spot and thermal related wears are rapidly concentrated on the micro-contact asperities during braking. The computed FEM results show that the contact stress, friction induced temperature and thermal strain are highly concentrated on the rubbing micro-contact asperities even though the braking speed and force are small during the braking period. This hot spot may directly produce the slippage and various thermal wears on the brake-rubbing surface.

• 비파괴검사학회지
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• 제25권3호
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• pp.209-214
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• 2005

Spot welding is the most widely used in automotive and aerospace industries. The quality of weld depends upon the size of nugget between the overlapped steel plates. Recently, the thickness of the steel plates is much thinner and hence, it introduces the smaller size of nugget. Therefore, it is necessary not only to develop the criterion to evaluate the quality of weld but also to obtain the optimal welding conditions for the better performance. In this paper, the steel plates, 0.5 mm through 1.5 mm thickness, have been spot welded at different welding conditions and the nugget sizes are examined by ultrasonic technique (C-scan type). The relationships between the nugget sizes and the weldability have been investigated. The result of ultrasonic technique shows the good agreement with that of the tensile test.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제25권4호
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• pp.592-596
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• 2012

The simple method of evaluating highly marbled beef was examined by image analysis. The images of the cross section at the 6 to 7th rib were obtained from 82 carcasses of Wagyu cattle. By using an overall trace method, the surrounding edges of the longissimus thoracis and three muscles were traced automatically and manually with image analysis. In a spot method, 3 to 5 locations (2.5 or 3.0 cm in diameter) for each muscle were rapidly selected with no manual trace. The images were flattened, binarized, and the ratio of fat area to muscle area was determined. The correlation coefficients for marbling between different muscles, and between the overall trace and the spot methods were 0.55 to 0.81 between different muscles and 0.89 to 0.97, respectively. These results suggested that the simple spot method is speedy and almost as useful as the overall trace method as a measuring technique for beef marbling in loin muscles, especially for highly marbled beef.

• 한국생산제조학회지
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• 제5권4호
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• pp.38-46
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• 1996

This paper discusses the feasibility of Ultrasonic Nondestructive Evaluation (UNDE) technique for sport weld quality. Ultrasonic c-scan image assisted by image processing technique was used for Nondestructive Evaluation(NDE) of spot weld quality. Ultrasonic testing results obtained were confirmed and compared by Optical Microscope and SAM(Scanning Acoustic Mircroscope) observation of the spot-weld cross section, The results show that the nugget dinameter can be successfully measured with the accuracy of 0.5mm. It was ascertained that ultrasonic c-scan technique is very effective method for the sake of the approach to the quantitative measurement of nugget diameter and the discrimination of the corona bond from nugget. Additional support for the above conclusions is provided by the results for galvanized steel. The ultrasonic results for galvanized welds generally correspond to the results for uncoated steel. Finally, it was found that the above-mentioned technique can be sufficiently applied to NDE method for securing the Quality Assurance(QA) of spot welded products in production line.