• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
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• 1999.05a
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• pp.403-406
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• 1999

The influence of temperature variation (25～125$^{\circ}C$) on poly-Si thin-film transistors (TFT's) was investigated by examining the electrical properties change of poly-Si films formed by solid phase crystallization (SPC). The n-channel poly-Si TFT's fabricated by SPC with channel length of 1.5 and loon ,respectively, exhibit good characteristics with a high ${\mu}$$\sub$FE/ ($\geq$82 and $\geq$60$\textrm{cm}^2$/V-s in 1.5 and 10$\mu\textrm{m}$, respectively), low V$\sub$t/, ($\leq$1.52 and $\leq$ 2.75V in 1.5 and 10$\mu\textrm{m}$, respectively), low S$\sub$t/, and good ON-OFF characteristics in spite of temperature variation. Thus, poly-Si films formed by SPC can be applied for the application to poly-Si TFT liquid crystal display with peripheral integrated circuits.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.29 no.11
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• pp.1729-1738
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• 2019

In sourdough fermentation, lactic acid bacteria perform important roles in the production of volatile and antimicrobial compounds, and exerting health-promoting effects. In this study, we report the probiotic properties and baking characteristics of Lactobacillus plantarum SPC-SNU 72-2 isolated from kimchi. This strain is safe to use in food fermentation as it does not carry genes for biogenic amine production (i.e., hdc, tdc, and ldc) and shows no β-hemolytic activity against red blood cells. The strain is also stable under simulated human gastrointestinal conditions, showing tolerance to gastric acid and bile salt, and adheres well to colonic epithelial cells. Additionally, this strain prevents pathogen growth and activates mouse peritoneal macrophages by inducing cytokines such as tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin (IL)-6, and IL-12. Furthermore, the strain possesses good baking properties, providing rich aroma during dough fermentation and contributing to the enhancement of bread texture. Taken together, L. plantarum SPC-SNU 72-2 has the properties of a good starter strain based on the observation that it improves bread flavor and texture while also providing probiotic effects comparable with commercial strains.

• Food Science of Animal Resources
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.163-168
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• 2001

This study was conducted to analyze the errors occurred between standard plate count(SPC) and Bactometer, Malthus, Bactoscan and to investigate correlation coefficient(r) between SPC and each equipments for the purpose of making new calibration curve. Correlation coefficients of three different types of equipments to SPC value were 0.71, 0.81, 0.84 respectively(n=287) and that of three types of equipments were 0.71∼0.82 relatively low. In raw milk, correlation coefficients of three types of equipments of SPC were in the range of 0.67∼0.73 below 3.0${\times}10^4$(CUF/ml) of bacterial number, and those between the three types of equipments were 0.68∼0.72. Between 3.0${\times}10^4$∼5.0${\times}10^5$(CFU/ml) of bacterial number, correlation coefficients of the three different types of equipments were 0.71∼0.81. and those between the three different types of equipments were 0.64∼0.77. Over 5.0${\times}10^5$(CFU/ml), correlation coefficient of the three types equipments were 0.66∼0.83 and those between them were 0.70∼0.85 respectively. The error of the three different types equipments to SPC value was significantly high, 37∼53% of them was under 50% of error range, and in case of raw milk less than 3.0${\times}10^4$ of bacterial number, 44∼67% of them showed over 100% of error.

• Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.26 no.2
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• pp.87-96
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• 2023

This study was designed to determine the apparent digestibility coefficients of soybean meal, soy protein concentrate (SPC), soy protein isolate (SPI), rapeseed meal (RSM), pea protein concentrate (PPC), wheat gluten meal (WGM) and wheat flour (WF) for olive flounder, Paralichthys olivaceus. A reference diet (RF) was formulated to meet the nutrient requirements of olive flounder with 1% chromic oxide (Cr₂O₃) as an inert indicator. Test diets were prepared to contain 70% RF and 30% of the test ingredient. Olive flounder, averaging 150 ± 8.0 g, was cultured in 400-L fiberglass tanks at a density of 25 fish per tank. Fecal collection columns were attached to each tank. Fecal samples were obtained from triplicate groups of fish for 4 weeks. Dry matter digestibility of SPC (75%) and WGM (76%) were significantly higher than the other test ingredients. Protein digestibility of SPC (85%), PPC (88%) and WGM (89%) were significantly higher than the other test ingredients, and protein digestibility of RSM (77%) and WF (76%) was lower than the other ingredients tested. Lipid digestibility of SPC (72%) and SPI (69%) were significantly higher than the other test ingredients. Energy digestibility of SPC (85%) and WGM (82%) were significantly higher than that of others tested ingredients. The availability of amino acids in WGM was generally higher than in other plant-feed ingredients. Therefore, SPC and WGM were seems to be efficient as potential protein sources for olive flounder compared to other tested ingredients. Overall, findings of the current study may assist in more efficient and economical formulation of diets using plant feed ingredients for olive flounder.

• Journal of Korea Soil Environment Society
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.55-65
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• 1996

Soil quality of most of Soil Network area was estimated healthy by employing Soil Pollution Indices (Soil Pollution Score and Soil Pollution Class). However, 1.5∼3.7% of the total Soil Network area was determined Soil Pollution Class (SPC) 4 which may need cleanup process due to slight or heavy pollution with arsenics and heavy metals. Numbers of the SPC 4 sites were 9, 47, 19, 17, and 17 in 1987, 1989, 1991, 1993, and 1994, respectively During 1987 and 1994, all of SPC 4 sites were identified agricultural land except one in 1994. Soil Pollution Scores (SPSs) was determined high around smelters, metalliferous mines, and industrial sites among the 16 major soil pollution sources of the Soil Network. Also, most area of SPC 4 sites were densely populated in these area of the Soil Network. SPSs of Inchon and Taegu were high among the other major cities and provinces in Korea. Numbers of SPC 4 were high in the province of Kangwon, Kyongbuk, Kyongnam amongst. Cumulative numbers of SPC 4 multiplied by a weighting value 0.3 during 1987 and 1994 of the Soil Network were regressed to develop a model equation for prospecting the soil quality. The model equation was Y= 1.16+0.23x, where as Y is the number of Class 4 and x is the year. Resulting the area of SPC 4 were 4.8%, 6.0%, 6.6% of the Soil Network in the year of 2001, 2006, 2011, respectively Based on this results, the area of SPC 4 would increase 5, 7, and 10 times comparing the area polluted with heavy metals in 1987.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.26 no.5
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• pp.691-699
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• 2013

Three experiments were conducted to evaluate the metabolizable energy (ME) value, standardized ileal digestibility (SID) of amino acids (AA) of soybean meal (SBM), soy protein concentrate (SPC) and fermented soybean meal (FSBM), and the application of these products in early-weaned piglets. In Exp. 1, four barrows with initial body weight (BW) of $14.2{\pm}1.4$ kg were used in a $4{\times}4$ Latin square design. The diet 1 contained corn as the only energy source. The other three diets replaced 25% of corn in diet 1 with one of the three soybean products, and the digestable energy (DE) and ME contents were determined by difference. In Exp. 2, four barrows (initial BW of $18.2{\pm}1.5$ kg) were fitted with ileal T-cannulas and allotted to a $4{\times}4$ Latin square design. Three cornstarch-based diets were formulated using each of the soybean products as the sole source of AA. A nitrogen-free diet was also formulated to measure endogenous losses of AA. In Exp. 3, ninety six piglets (initial BW of $5.6{\pm}0.9$ kg) weaned at $21{\pm}2$ d were blocked by weight and assigned to one of three treatments for a 21-d growth performance study. The control diet was based on corn and SBM, the two treatments' diets contained either 10% SPC or FSBM and were formulated to same SID lysine to ME ratio of 3.6 g/Mcal. The results showed that the ME content of SPC was greater than SBM (p<0.05). The SID of most AA in SPC was greater than the SID of AA in SBM (p<0.05). For the essential AA, the SID of histidine, isoleucine, leucine, lysine and threonine in FSBM were greater than in SBM (p<0.05). Even though they were fed same SID lysine to ME ratio of 3.6 g/Mcal diets, pigs fed SPC and FSBM diets had greater weight gain, G:F (p<0.05) and better fecal score (p<0.05) than pigs fed SBM diet. In conclusion, SPC showed a higher ME content and SID of AA than the SBM. SID of some essential AA in FSBM was higher than SBM and was similar with SPC. But the lower antigenic proteins and anti-nutritional factors content in SPC and FSBM may be the main factors affecting the performance of early-weaned piglets rather than the increased ME content and SID of AA.

• Microbiology and Biotechnology Letters
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• v.16 no.6
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• pp.517-521
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• 1988

This study focused on the psychrotrophic post-pasteurization contamination of fluid milk pro-ducts which were processed by HTST system. Pasteurized line samples and container samples of each fluid milk product (whole milk and skim milk) were taken in a large fluid milk plant. tine samples were collected through nine and five different sampling locations for whole milk and skim milk products, respectively. Each sample was subjected to preliminary incubation (PI) at 21$^{\circ}C$ for 16h followed by standard plate count (SPC) and crystal violet tetrazolium agar count (CVT). Flavor, SPC, and psychrotrophic bacteria count (PBC) were determined after 7 d at 7.2$^{\circ}C$. In addition, ten sequential container samples (packaged in 1000ml paperboard containers) were taken from a filler at the beginning of each product run. These samples were used for PI followed by SPC and CVT. In addition, flavor evaluations, SPC and PBC tests were conducted after 7,10, and 14 d at 7.2$^{\circ}C$. The mean PI-CVT values for the line samples showed differences depending on the location. There was major contamination between pasteurized storage tank and the filler. The PI-CVT counts for each container sample were negatively correlated with flayer scores at 10 and 140. There were good correlations among PI-CVT values of line samples and the percentage of total container samples with acceptable flavor after 10d.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.19 no.6
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• pp.126-136
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• 2018

A steel-plate concrete composite beam is composed of a steel plate, concrete and shear connector to combine inhomogeneous two materials. The steel plate is assembled by welding an existing composite beam. In this study, new steel-plate concrete composite beam, called a SPC Beam, was developed to reduce the shear connector and improve the workability. The SPC Beam was composed of folding steel plates and concrete, without a shear connector. The folding steel plate was assembled using high strength bolt instead of welding. To improve the workability in field construction, a hat-shaped Cap was attached to the junction with a slab. Monotonic load testing under two points was conducted under displacement control mode. The flexural strength of the specimen for positive moment and negative moment was calculated using the plastic stress distribution method. The test results showed that the flexural strength of the new SPC Beam had 80% of the strength of a complete composite beam. In addition, increasing the composite ratio was possible through clearance controls of the cap. In this study, the performance of the SPC Beam was verified through additional experiments and analyses with the cross-sectional shape and cap as variables, because the representative shape in the positive negative moment region is targeted.

• Journal of the Korean Data and Information Science Society
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.507-514
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• 2005

In this paper we consider an operating methodology of SPC(statistical process control) system in the TFT-LCD industries. The main contents are real time process monitoring, significant difference test, outlying glass analysis, process capability analysis and chart viewing.

• Journal of the Korea Safety Management & Science
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• v.8 no.6
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• pp.109-118
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• 2006

This paper proposes service layout strategy considering service characteristics by the use of benchmarking production system such as layout by P-Q chart, improvement tool, automated system, Toyota production system and lean production system. This paper represents operation methodology of statistical process control using control chart for service performance outcomes.