• Polymer(Korea)
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• v.27 no.6
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• pp.583-588
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• 2003

Sulfated chitosan and sulfated sodium alginate were synthesized by sulfating reaction of low molecular chitosan and low molecular sodium alginate with SO$_3$-pyridine complex. When the weight ratio of SO$_3$-pyridine complex to polysaccharide was 1:5, the degrees of sulfation were the highest at 2.75 and 2.53 respectively. The anticoagulation effect was the highest when the molecular weight was 8.0${\times}$10$^3$ Da, and the anticoagulation activity was the highest at 91% of that of heparin when sulfated chitosan and sulfated sodium alginate were mixed at a weight ratio of 1:1. The anticoagulation activity was highest at 84% of that of heparin in the active plastin trombo test (aPTT) when sulfated chitosan and sulfated sodium alginate were mixed at a weight ratio of 1:1.

• Food Engineering Progress
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.103-109
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• 2017

Alginate lyase from Streptomyces violaceoruber was purified by DEAE sephacel chromatography and SP sepharose chromatography. The specific activity of the purified enzyme was 14.6 units/mg protein, representing a 40.6-fold purification of the crude extract. The final preparation thus obtained showed a single band on Tricine-SDS polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis whose molecular weight was determined to be 23.3 kDa. The polyMG block of sodium alginate was hydrolyzed by the purified alginate lyase and then separated by activated carbon column chromatography and bio gel P-2 gel filtration. The main hydrolysates were composed of hetero type M/G-oligosaccharides with the degrees of polymerization (D.P.) being 6 and 8. To investigate the effects of hetero type M/G-oligosaccharides from the sodium alginate on the growth of some intestinal bacteria, cells were cultivated individually on the modified-MRS medium containing D.P. 6 and 8 M/G-oligosaccharides. B. longumgrew 4.25-fold and 6.44-fold more effectively by the treatment of D.P. 6 and 8 M/G-oligosaccharides compared with those of standard MRS medium. In addition, B. bifidumgrew 3.3-fold and 5.4-fold more effectively by the treatment of D.P. 6 and 8 M/G-oligosaccharides. In conclusion, D.P. 8 was more effective than D.P. 6 hetero M/G-oligosaccharides as regards the growth of Bifidobacteriumspp. and Lactobacillus spp.

• Polymer(Korea)
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• v.37 no.4
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• pp.539-546
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• 2013

Amino group-terminated poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (PNIPAAm-$NH_2$) was synthesized via a radical polymerization of N-isopropylacrylamide (NIPAAm) using 2-aminoethanethiol hydrochloride (AESH) as a chain transfer agent. The molecular weight of the PNIPAAm-$NH_2$ was controlled by changing the concentration of AESH. The LCST of the aqueous solution of PNIPAAm-$NH_2$ increased slightly with increasing the AESH concentration. Alginate-g-PNIPAAm copolymer was synthesized by grafting PNIPAAm-$NH_2$ onto sodium alginate using N-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)-N'-ethylcarbodiimide and N-hydroxysuccinimide. The formation of the grafted copolymers was confirmed by FTIR spectroscopy, solubility in water, and SEM-EDS. Alginate-g-PNIPAAm also exhibited swelling-deswelling behavior. However, it showed a LCST at a slightly increased temperature compared to PNIPAAm. The swelling ratio of the alginate-g-PNIPAAm hydrogel increased with the increase of the grafted PNIPAAm content.

• Fibers and Polymers
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• v.6 no.3
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• pp.229-234
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• 2005

In this paper, chitosan was suggested for using as a replacement for sodium alginate in the pretreatment print paste for digital ink-jet printing for cotton fabric. Pretreatment print pastes prepared from the mixture of chitosan and acetic acid with the appropriate viscosity gave satisfactory prints on the cotton fabric. Chitosan-treated cotton fabrics were digitally ink-jet printed with four different colors and the color fastness rating of the printed fabrics was satisfactory. Experimental results revealed the possibility of pre-treating the cotton with chitosan to replace the sodium alginate normally present in the pretreatment print paste recipe.

• Journal of Environmental Science International
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.105-112
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• 2014

With the incorporation of hydrogen peroxide($H_2O_2$) and NaLS as an initiator and emulsifier, acrylic acid monomer was graft copolymerized with sodium alginate prepared from alginic acid, and then the grafted copolymer was confirmed through IR spectrometer. When the amounts of acrylic acid increased the grafting also showed increasing trend. While the contents of hydrogen peroxide was varied in the aqueous sodium alginate solution, the grafting efficiency decreased gradually as the amounts of initiator increased.

• The Korean Journal of Food And Nutrition
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.63-68
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• 1999

Production of galactooligosaccharides by an immobilized $\beta$-galactosidase from Aspergillus niger CAD 1 in sodium alginate was investigated. The ranges of temperature and pH for the maximum stability of im-mobilized $\beta$-galactosidase were 20~45$^{\circ}C$ and 4.0~5.5, respectively. The activation energy for the immob-illized $\beta$-galactosidase was 13,400 cal/mole At the concentration of the immobilized $\beta$-galactosidase 0.12 unit/g in sodium alginate the yield of galactooligosaccharides in cheese whey containing 20% lactose was 18% after incubation for 72 hr at 45$^{\circ}C$. The remaining activity for the immobilized $\beta$-galactosidase 10 times repeated use 87%.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• v.84 no.4
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• pp.465-477
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• 2022

The formation of biopolymer-soil matrices mainly depends on biopolymer type and concentration, soil type, pore fluid and phase transfer to influence its strengthening efficiency. In this study, the physical and mechanical properties of sodium alginate (SA) treated kaolinite are investigated through compaction test, thread rolling teat, fall cone test and unconfined compression test with considering biopolymer concentration, curing time, initial water content, mixing method. The results show that the liquid limit slightly decreases from 69.9% to 68.3% at 0.2% SA and then gradually increases to 98.3% at 5% SA. At hydrated condition, the unconfined compressive strength (UCS) of SA treated clay at 0.5%, 1%, 2% and 3% concentrations is 2.57, 4.5, 7.1 and 5.48 times of untreated clay (15.7 kPa) at the same initial water content. In addition, the optimum biopolymer concentration, curing time, mixing method and initial water content can be regarded as 2%, 28 days, room temperature water-dry mixing (RD), 50%-55% to achieve the maximum unconfined compressive strength, which corresponds to the UCS increment of 593%, compared to the maximum UCS of untreated clay (780 kPa).

• Journal of Pharmaceutical Investigation
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.19-26
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• 1993

The purpose of this paper is to explore the possible applicability of alginate beads as an oral controlled release system of polymeric drugs. Cellulase was used as a model polymeric drug. The release of cellulase from alginate beads was moderately affected by the ratio of cellulase to sodium alginate and strongly affected by $CaCl_2$ concentration. However, the release was not particularly affected by the other factors such as sodium alginate concentration and curing time. The drug was not released from alginate beads at pH 1.2, but was released continuously up to 8 hr at pH 6.8. At pH 6.8, the beads were swollen highly up to 3 hr, thereafter, were eroded into the bulk solution up to 6 hr, completely. Drug release from the beads can be caused due to diffusion and erosion of the matrix. Activity of cellulase was reduced when alginate beads containing cellulase were stored in simulated gastric juice. Further investigation would be necessary to improve the acid resistance of the beads. Since the release of cellulase as a model polymeric drug could be controlled by the regulation of the preparation conditions of alginate beads, the alginate beads may be used for a potential oral controlled release system of such polymeric drugs as polypeptide drugs.

• Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.32 no.5
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• pp.582-586
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• 1999

The processing conditions for producing and edible alginate film from sea tangle were investigated by measuring water vapor permeability (WVP), tensile properties and colors of film. The alginates were extracted with $3\%$ sodium carbonate ($Na_2CO_3$) solution for 5 hrs, and the alginate films were prepared with extracted sodium alginates, D-gluconic acid lactone, $CaCO_3$ and various plasticizers, As the concentration of alginate in making the film was increased, the WVP and elongation of the film were decreased and the tensile strength was increased. The higher amount of plasticizer showed the higher WVP and elongation, and the order of various plasticizers in increasing the WVP and elongation of the film was glycerol, polyethylene glycol, and sorbitol. The addition of sorbitol in the film showed the highest value (89.57) in lightness of Hunter color system and the film added polyethylene glycol had the highest values (-1,12 and 11.4) in redness and yellowness.

• Journal of Food Hygiene and Safety
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• v.36 no.6
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• pp.474-480
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• 2021

Sodium alginate is the sodium salt of alginic acid, commonly used as a food additive for stabilizing, thickening, and emulsifying properties. A relatively simple and universal analysis method is used to study sodium alginate due to the complex pretreatment process and extended analysis time required during the quantitative method. As for the equipment, HPLC-UVD and Unison US-Phenyl column were used for analysis. For the pretreatment condition, a shaking apparatus was used for extraction at 150 rpm for 180 minutes at room temperature. The calibration curve made from the standard sodium alginate solution in 5 concentration ranges showed that the linearity (R²) is 0.9999 on average. LOD and LOQ showed 3.96 mg/kg and 12.0 mg/kg, respectively. Furthermore, the average intraday and inter-day accuracy (%) and precision (RSD%) were 98.47-103.74% and 1.69-3.08% for seaweed jelly noodle samples and 99.95-105.76% and 0.59-3.63% for sherbet samples, respectively. The relative uncertainty value was appropriate for the CODEX standard with 1.5-7.9%. To evaluate the applicability of the method developed in this study, the sodium alginate concentrations of 103 products were quantified. The result showed that the detection rate is highest from starch vermicelli and instant fried noodles to sugar processed products.