• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.1057-1060
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• 2016

Background: The tumor suppressor p53 is as a regulator of cell proliferation, apoptosis and many other biological processes as well as external and internal stress responses. Mdm2 SNIP309 is a negative regulator of 53. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the role of the Mdm2 SNIP 309 polymorphism in the gastric mucosal morphological patterns in patients with Helicobacter pylori associated gastritis. Materials and Methods: A prospective cross-sectional study was carried out from November 2014 through November 2015. Biopsy specimens were obtained from patients and infection was proven by positive histology. Gastric mucosa specimens were sent to the Molecular Genetics Unit, Institute of Medicine, Suranaree University of Technology where they were tested by molecular methods to detect the patterns of Mdm2 SNIP 309 polymorphism using the real-time PCR hybridization probe method. The results were analyzed and correlated with gastric mucosal morphological patterns by using C-NBI endoscopy. Results: A total of 300 infected patients were enrolled and gastric mucosa specimens were collected. In this study the percentage of Mdm2 SNIP 309 T/T homozygous and Mdm2 SNIP309 G/T heterozygous was 78% and 19 % respectively whereas Mdm2 SNIP309 G/G homozygous was 3%. Mdm2 SNIP 309 T/T homozygous and Mdm2 SNIP309 G/T heterozygosity correlated with type 1 to type 3 gastric mucosal morphological patterns (P<0.01) whereas Mdm2 SNIP309 G/G homozygous correlated with type 4 and type 5 (P<0.01). Conclusions: Our study finds the frequency of Mdm2 SNIP309 G/G in a Thai population is very low, and suggests that this can explain ae Thailand enigma. Types 1 to type 3 are the most common gastric mucosal morphological patterns according to the unique genetic polymorphism of MDM2 SNIP 309 in the Thai population.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.16 no.17
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• pp.7781-7784
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• 2015

Background: The commonly held view of the tumor suppressor p53 is as a regulator of cell proliferation, apoptosis and many other biological processes as well as external and internal stress responses. Mdm2 SNIP309 is a negative regulator of p 53. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the correlation between the patterns of Mdm2 SNIP 309 and the inflammation grading of Helicobacter pylori associated gastritis in a Thai population. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out from November 2014 through June 2015. Biopsy specimens were obtained from infected patients and infection was proved by positive histology. The gastric mucosa specimens were sent to the Molecular Genetic Unit, Institute of Medicine, Suranaree University of Technology where they were tested by molecular methods to detect the patterns of Mdm2 SNIP 309 using the real-time PCR hybridization probe method. The results were analyzed and compared with the Updated Sydney classification. Results: A total of 100 infected patients were interviewed and gastric mucosa specimens were collected. In this study the percentage of Mdm2 SNIP 309 T/T homozygous and Mdm2 SNIP309 G/T heterozygous was 78% and 19 % respectively whereas Mdm2 SNIP309 G/G homozygous was 3%. Mdm2 SNIP 309 T/T homozygous and Mdm2 SNIP309 G/T heterozygous correlated with mild to moderate inflammation (P<0.01) whereas Mdm2 SNIP309 G/G homozygous correlated with severe inflammation (P<0.01). Conclusions: Our study found the frequency of Mdm2 SNP309 G/G in our Thai population to be very low, and suggests that this can explain to some extent the low incidence of severe inflammation and gastric cancer changes in the Thai population. Mild to moderate inflammation are the most common pathologic gradings due to the unique genetic polymorphism of Mdm2 SNIP 309 in the Thai population.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics and Information Engineers
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• v.50 no.9
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• pp.164-171
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• 2013

XRF spectrum data of a material include a lot of background signals which are not related to its components. Since an XRF analyzer analyzes components and concentrations of an analyte using the locations and magnitudes of gaussian-shaped peaks extracted from a spectrum, its background signals need to be removed completely from the spectrum for the accurate analysis. Morphology-based method, SNIP-based method and thresholding-based method have been used to remove background signals. In the paper, a background removal method, an improved version of an interval-thresholding-based method, is proposed. The proposed method consists of interval partitioning, interval classifying, and background estimation. Experimental results show that the proposed method has better performance on background removal from the spectrum than the existing methods, morphology-based method and SNIP-based method.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics and Information Engineers
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• v.50 no.8
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• pp.238-244
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• 2013

In energy dispersive X-ray fluorescence analysis, the removal of the continuum on which the X-ray spectrum is superimposed is one of the most important processes, since it has a strong influence on the analysis result. The existing methods which have been used for it usually require tight constraints or prior information on the continuum. In this paper, an efficient background correction method is proposed for Energy Dispersive X-ray fluorescence (EDXRF) spectra. The proposed method has two steps of background modeling and background correction. It is based on the basic concept which differentiates background areas from the peak areas in a spectrum and the SNIP algorithm, one of the popular methods for background removal, is used to enhance the performance. After detecting some points which belong to the background from a spectrum, its background is modeled by a curve fitting method based on them. And then the obtained background model is subtracted from the raw spectrum. The method has been shown to give better results than some of traditional methods, while working under relatively weak constraints or prior information.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.13 no.5
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• pp.2291-2297
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• 2012

X-ray fluorescence sprectrum signal include the continuum. XRF analysis the components of material by the amplitude of peaks. XRF remove the noise and background. To remove the noise, we apply the smoothing filter. And background removal methods applied such as SNIP, Morphology, Threshold methods. In this paper, we applied Threshold using DWT. Interval threshold method divide the some blocks in particular levels. We propose the method that is divided the particular level.

• Annual Conference on Human and Language Technology
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• 2023.10a
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• pp.479-484
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• 2023

다중 레이블 오픈 의도 분류란 다중 의도 분류와 오픈 의도 분류가 합쳐져 오픈 도메인을 가정하고 진행하는 다중 의도 분류 문제이다. 발화 속에는 여러 의도들이 존재한다. 이때 사전에 정의된 의도 여부만을 판별하는 것이 아니라 사전에 정의되어 있는 의도에 대해서만이라도 어떤 의도인지 분류할 수 있어야 한다. 본 논문에서는 발화 속 의도 정보를 활용하여 다중 레이블 오픈 의도를 분류하는 모델을 제안한다. 먼저, 문장의 의도 개수를 예측한다. 그리고 다중 레이블 의도 분류기를 통해 다중 레이블 의도 분류를 진행하여 의도 정보를 획득한다. 획득한 의도 정보 속 다중 의도 개수와 전체 의도 개수를 비교하여 전체 의도 개수가 더 많다면 오픈 의도가 존재한다고 판단한다. 실험 결과 제안한 방법은 MixATIS의 75% 의도에서 정확도 94.49, F1 97.44, MixSNIPS에서는 정확도 86.92, F1 92.96의 성능을 보여준다.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.16 no.16
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• pp.7049-7052
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• 2015

Background: Helicobacter pylori plays an important role in gastric cancer, which has a relatively low inciduence in Thailand. MDM2 is a major negative regulator of p53, the key tumor suppressor involved in tumorigenesis of the majority of human cancers. Whether its expression might explain the relative lack of gastric cancer in Thailand was assessed here. Materials and Methods: This single-center study was conducted in the northeast region of Thailand. Gastric mucosa from 100 patients with Helicobacter pylori associated gastritis was analyzed for MDM2 SNP309 using real-time PCR hybridization (light-cycler) probes. Results: In the total 100 Helicobacter pylori associated gastritis cases the incidence of SNP 309 T/T homozygous was 78 % with SNP309 G/T heterozygous found in 19% and SNP309 G/G homozygous in 3%. The result show SNP 309 T/T and SNP 309 G/T to be rather common in the Thai population. Conclusions: Our study indicates that the MDM2 SNP309 G/G homozygous genotype might be a risk factor for gastric cancer in Thailand and the fact that it is infrequent could explain to some extent the low incidence of gastric cancer in the Thai population.

• International Journal of High-Rise Buildings
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• v.3 no.1
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• pp.65-71
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• 2014

Baku, the capital of Azerbaijan, has seen a boom in construction in recent years. The old Baku city has been rapidly transforming into a new hub of high-rise buildings and lively cultural centers hosting the Euro Vision Song Contest in 2012 and European Games in 2015. A major population shift to Baku from its suburbs and the countryside has resulted in the doubling of Baku's population in the 4 years between 2009 and 2013. As of January 2013, Baku's population reached four million people, 43% of the citizens in Azerbaijan according to The State Statistical Committee of Azerbaijan. With this trend, the city needs more high-rise buildings to accommodate rapidly increasing demands for more housing and business space. Until the Azerbaijan Seismic Building Code was published in 2010 and became effective, many different seismic criteria, in terms of building codes and seismic intensities, were used for all new high-rise projects in Baku. Some designers used the SNIP (Russian) code with seismic level 9 or level 8 with 1 point penalty. Others used the Turkish code with Seismic Zone 1, UBC 97 with Zone 2 through 4, or IBC with Sa = 0.75 g through 1.0 g. The seismic intensity is now clarified with the Azerbaijan Seismic Building Code. However, the Azerbaijan Seismic Building Code is appropriate for low-rise buildings applications but may be inappropriate for high-rise project applications. This is because the code-defined response spectrum yields unrealistically conservative seismic forces for high-rise buildings with long periods, as compared to those determined by other internationally accepted building codes. This paper provides observations and recommendations for code-based seismic load assessment of high-rise buildings in the Baku area.