• BMB Reports
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• v.37 no.2
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• pp.260-267
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• 2004

Transducin (T), the heterotrimeric guanine nucleotide binding protein in rod outer segments, serves as an intermediary between the receptor protein, rhodopsin, and the effector protein, cGMP phosphodiesterase. Labeling of T with dansyl chloride (DnsCl) inhibited its light-dependent guanine nucleotide binding activity. Conversely, DnsCl had no effect on the functionality of rhodopsin. Approximately 2-3 mol of DnsCl were incorporated per mole of T. Since fluoroaluminate was capable of activating DnsCl-modified T, this lysine-specific labeling compound did not affect the guanine nucleotide-binding pocket of T. However, the labeling of T with DnsCl hindered its binding to photoexcited rhodopsin, as shown by sedimentation experiments. Additionally, rhodopsin completely protected against the DnsCl inactivation of T. These results demonstrated the existence of functional lysines on T that are located in the proximity of the interaction site with the photoreceptor protein.

• Proceedings of the Korea Information Processing Society Conference
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• 2022.11a
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• pp.240-242
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• 2022

양자 컴퓨터의 발전과 양자 알고리즘의 등장이 암호 시스템의 위협을 야기함에 따라 양자 알고리즘을 활용하여 기존 암호의 공격 비용을 추정하는 연구가 꾸준히 증가하고 있다. 대칭키 암호에 자주 사용되던 Grover 암고리즘이 가진 단순 양자 완전 탐색의 한계를 보완하기 위하여 최근 Simon 기반의 알고리즘 관련 연구가 등장하였다. 본 논문에서는 두 가지 Simon 기반 알고리즘과 해당 알고리즘을 적용하여 단순한 구조의 암호 키를 복구한 사례에 대해 살펴본다.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information Security & Cryptology
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• v.32 no.2
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• pp.391-404
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• 2022

Aron Gohr proposed a cryptanalysis method based on deep learning technology for the lightweight block cipher Speck. This is a method that enables a chosen plaintext attack with higher accuracy than the classical differential cryptanalysis. In this paper, by using the probability distribution, we analyze the mechanism of such deep learning based cryptanalysis and propose the results applied to the lightweight block cipher Simon. In addition, we examine that the probability distributions of the predicted values of the neural networks within the cryptanalysis working processes are different depending upon the characteristics of round functions of Speck and Simon, and suggest a direction to improve the efficiency of the neural distinguisher which is the core technology of Aron Gohr's cryptanalysis.

• Science of Emotion and Sensibility
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.11-22
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• 2022

As social beings, we need to understand others' actions as quickly and accurately as possible. Action understanding can occur at many levels. We sometimes grasp others' intentions unintentionally. Other times, however, we have to expend effort to draw inferences about their goals. In the context of joint action, the joint Simon effect demonstrates that actors are influenced by the unintended representation of a co-actor's actions. This effect has been described as quasi-automatic, but it is unclear if the effect is automatic enough to be immune to cognitive load. Thus, we asked participants to complete a joint Simon task with or without a concurrent working memory task. One group of participants maintained a single digit in their mind during working memory load blocks (low-load group), while the other group maintained five digits (high-load group). As a result, the low-load group showed a joint Simon effect both during no-load and low-load blocks. In contrast, the high-load group had no joint Simon effect during either no-load or high-load blocks. These results suggest that the joint Simon effect is not an automatic phenomenon given that it requires cognitive resources. Actors in a joint task may represent a co-actor's actions in their task set, but only when cognitive resources are available.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• v.14 no.11
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• pp.4502-4521
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• 2020

At EUROCRYPT 2015, Todo proposed a new technique named division property, and it is a powerful technique to find integral distinguishers. The original division property is also named word-based division property. Later, Todo and Morii once again proposed a new technique named the bit-based division property at FSE 2016 and find more rounds integral distinguisher for SIMON-32. There are two basic approaches currently being adopted in researches under the bit-based division property. One is conventional bit-based division property (CBDP), the other is bit-based division property using three-subset (BDPT). Particularly, BDPT is more powerful than CBDP. In this paper, we use Boolean Satisfiability Problem (SAT)-aided cryptanalysis to search integral distinguishers. We conduct experiments on SIMON-32/-48/-64/-96, SIMON (102)-32/-48/-64, SIMECK-32/-48/-64, LBlock, GIFT and Khudra to prove the efficiency of our method. For SIMON (102)-32/-48/-64, we can determine some bits are odd, while these bits can only be determined as constant in the previous result. For GIFT, more balanced (zero-sum) bits can be found. For LBlock, we can find some other new integral distinguishers. For Khudra, we obtain two 9-round integral distinguishers. For other ciphers, we can find the same integral distinguishers as before.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information Security & Cryptology
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• v.27 no.4
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• pp.923-941
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• 2017

A side-channel attack is a method of attacking a cipher based on physical information of a cryptographic device. The masking method, which is a typical method overcoming this attack, is a method of calculating an arbitrary masking value at the round intermediate value through rounds. Thus, it is difficult to guess the intermediate value by the side-channel attack, but if the masking operation is applied to all rounds of the encryption algorithm, the encryption process may become overloaded. Therefore, it is practical to use a reduced-round masking technique that applies a masking technique to only a part of the cipher for lightweight equipment such as Internet of Things(IoT) and wearable devices. In this paper, we describe a Hamming weight filtering for SIMON family with reduced-round masking technique and it is shown that first round key recovery is possible through actual programming.

• Journal of Ginseng Research
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.53-62
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• 1988

A field experiment was conducted in the arid interior of British Columbia, Canada to assess the seasonal soil temperature and moisture regimes in an American ginseng garden. As a consequence of the man-modified microclimate (elevated shade canopy and surface covering of mulch), the growing environment of the crop was fundamentally altered when compared to adjacent agricultural growing environments. In the ginseng garden, soil temperatures were found to remain low throughout the growing season whereas soil moisture remained high when compared with the outside garden environment. These results indicate that even in the hot, arid environment of the interior of British Columbia, the growing of ginseng is undertaken in sub-optimal conditions for the major part of the growing season. This poses challenges for the producers of the crop to modify the architecture of the gardens to enhance the soil regime without creating a deleterious aerial environment.

• American Studies
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• v.42 no.1
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• pp.161-191
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• 2019

David Simon's critically acclaimed HBO series, The Wire (2002-2008), has frequently been termed "Dickensian" for its ambition to present urban social reality in its totality. Primarily focusing on the fourth season, which offers a wide-lens, deeply contextualized investigation into Baltimore's failing public school system, I interpret the show intertextually to discern its different forms of urban pedagogy. With Dickens's Hard Times and other narrative intertexts, I argue that The Wire, with its "Dickensian" attentiveness to the relations of part and whole, attachment and detachment, foregrounds the act of reading and misreading social reality. This is fundamentally a pedagogic process, positioning its characters and viewers as "students," imparting to them lessons in critical thinking. The knowledge gained is largely negative; nevertheless, teaching The Wire in a Korean university has revealed its efficacy in provoking student-viewers to critical reflection on urban social reality and their own positionality.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Applied Entomolohy Conference
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• 2003.10a
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• pp.56-56
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• 2003

• The Korean Nurse
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• v.24 no.2 s.130
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• pp.6-8
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• 1985