• Proceedings of the KOR-BRONCHOESO Conference
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• 1981.05a
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• pp.8.5-9
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• 1981

Foreign body in the esophagus is not uncommon in the otolaryngological field and esophageal perforation followed by mediastinitis is one of the most serious complications. Authors had experienced such case developed in 69 year old female patient. This woman swallowed a piece of sharp glass accidentally. Severe pain and swelling around the neck developed after ingestion. Marked subcutaneous emphysema was noted on first examination. By esophagoscopy, longitudinal laceration at right lateral wall of the cervical esophagus was noted and a lot of food debries were removed through this perforation, but foreign body could not be found. On third hospital day, patient complained chest pain and dyspnea. Mediastinal widening was noted on chest P-A. Tracheostomy was performed on next day and neck swelling decreased much. In spite of massive antibiotics, mediastinal abscess was developed and external drainage was performed on 15th hospital day. She was discharged on 38th hospital day with marked improvement and recovered completely on follow-up study. Still, we do not know where the foreign body is located.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• v.77 no.3
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• pp.136-140
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• 2014

Primary ciliary dyskinesia (PCD) is characterized by the congenital impairment of mucociliary clearance. When accompanied by situs inversus, chronic sinusitis and bronchiectasis, PCD is known as Kartagener syndrome. The main consequence of impaired ciliary function is a reduced mucus clearance from the lungs, and susceptibility to chronic respiratory infections due to opportunistic pathogens, including nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM). There has been no report of NTM lung disease combined with Kartagener syndrome in Korea. Here, we report an adult patient with Kartagener syndrome complicated with Mycobacterium abscessus lung disease. A 37-year-old female presented to our hospital with chronic cough and sputum. She was ultimately diagnosed with M. abscessus lung disease and Kartagener syndrome. M. abscessus was repeatedly isolated from sputum specimens collected from the patient, despite prolonged antibiotic treatment. The patient's condition improved and negative sputum culture conversion was achieved after sequential bilateral pulmonary resection.

• The Journal of Korean society of community based occupational therapy
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.37-47
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• 2017

Objective : The main purpose of this study was to analyze factors affecting a health related quality of life(HRQOL) in the elderly stroke patients with(Group 1) or without(Group 2) sequela. Methods : This survey performed secondary analysis with 'the fifth korea national health and nutrition examination survey', and investigated 91 elderly stroke patients over 65 years. Results : The results were as followed: HRQOL and self rated health had a significantly lower in Group 1(p<.05). In all groups, HRQOL was affected by self rated health(${\beta}=0.39$), mental health, and medical health significantly(p<.05). In group 1, HRQOL was affected by mental health(${\beta}=0.45$), self rated health significantly(p<.05). In group 2, HRQOL was affected by medical health(${\beta}=0.45$), functional health, mental health significantly(p<.05). Conclusion : In order to improve the HRQOL of stroke patients during rehabilitative therapy, it is important that early detection and early intervention of depression and suicide, which affect mental health status, are important in the case of severe aftereffects. If the patient continues to support his/her current status regardless of aftereffects, he/she can improve the HRQOL with functional recovery of the stroke patient, and finally have a positive effect on the independence of the stroke patients.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute Of Construction Engineering and Management
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• 2007.11a
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• pp.261-266
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• 2007

In this research, we studied an estimating method in client's sight to estimate the total construction cost which is based on the historical cost data at the early stage of the office buildings as a public phase. It is very difficult to analyze the estimation accurately and logically. When a client estimates a project, he/she has to consider there are many issues at the planning step, according as office buildings become gradually diversified as well as their roles continuously extended. Therefore, those are usually make problems for wasting the budget in accordance with the cost estimation errors. Moreover, many kinds of public construction projects, especially such as school, office, sports complex, and the others, have been invested the private finances defined as BTL(Build Transfer Lease) method that are required to manage the detailed process more strictly from initial planning. In order to make an effective planning, the long-term users amount and the building life cycle at the beginning of project should be considered previously and then it may enable to achieve an appropriate project plan. But actually considering overall variables in a building planning is impossible. Accordingly, suggesting a regression model based on the historical cost data from many similar types of office building to support client's role known as estimating the total cost at the early stage. And then performing the test against the proposed model to research the reasonability as using the historical cost data of Japan office buildings.

• The Korean Journal of Air & Space Law and Policy
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.3-25
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• 2007

In 2002 Republic of Korea successfully launched a self-made mined proportion rocket and it is expected that she will be able to have own space launching system by 2010. According to Article 14 of the Space Exploration Promotion Act, a new law should be established to impose the limit of compensation for the damage by space accident. Therefore, The Space Accident Liability Act was passed in Korean Congress on Nov. 22, 2007 and it will be enforced in six months. The purpose of this Act is to provide reparation for the damage of the third parties that a launch causes; and the Commonwealth should be insured against any possible space accidents to pay for such a damage. Here space accident means the damages to our life, body, and properties from the launching of space objects. There should be an actual loss to establish the compensation of Liability Act. Article 2 in Liability Act defines "damage" as follows: the term "damage" means loss of life, personal injury or loss of or damage to property of persons. Physical and material damages are included in the conception of damage. The meaning of a launching includes any test launch and launch for a real arrangement which will ultimately provides a wide range of compensation. Article 4 indicates that absolute liability should be imposed in compensating for damage by space accidents. Article 4 also indicates that a launching party should be absolutely liable to compensate for the damage caused by its space object on the surface of the Earth. In general, liability stands where fault is. But if the activity is ultra-hazardous and causes serious harm, the individual needs to compensate for the damage unlimitedly. Because of the many launchings for the Seattleite launching, a launching organization is obligated to the liability insurance in preparation for the space accidents. According to the Article 6 of Space Accident Liability Act, to be insured for the compensation for damage is obligatory. It says: "In accordance with Article 11 in the Space Exploration Promotion Act, the person who wants to receive an approval f3r launching needs to be insured in compensation for the possible damage by space accidents.

• The Journal of the Society of Korean Medicine Diagnostics
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.121-131
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• 2006

Background : As each human has a look in the face of oneself, he or she has a look of him or herself in the shape of the body also. And for the shape of the body which gives a big clue in diagnosis in musculoskeletal disorders. Therefor many means are used and developed for diagnosis through body shape or posture analysis for musculoskeletal disorders. X-ray, CT, MRI has been used for diagnosis through image in this way to tell about the inside of the human body. On the other side, moire topography was used for information about the exterior of the human body, but yet only minimal information such as the number of contour lines in each side was available. Therefor there were a few studies to use moire topography or other methods to get information about the surface of the human body in numeric values. The instrument used in this study which is a laser projection moire, is another trial to get numeric data about the surface of the human body. The instrument is composed of laser projector and a computer software to recompose and analyse the image data into depth, height, angle and length. Objectives : The study was focused on whether the instrument is reliable for clinic use, and to seek the proper environment and posture for the examination, and among the data the software provides, which items are more reliable and useful. Methods : For reproductivity and repeatability, 4 testers tested 2 persons. And to how if the body shape changes according to the posture and which posture gives the most reliable data, the test was performed in 6 different positions. Results : Result, the instrument showed sufficient repeatability and reproductivity for clinical use. And among the items the software provides, the length of the back, the angle of the back in the sagittal and coronal plane showed reliable results. And there was difference in the results according to the posture, and Therefor, in following studies using this instrument or similar type of posture analysing instruments, the length of the back, the angle of the back in the sagittal and coronal plane could be reliable item to use.

• Journal of KIISE:Software and Applications
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• v.29 no.9
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• pp.676-683
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• 2002

The success of XML(eXtensible Markup Language) is primarily based on its flexibility : everybody can define the structure of XML documents that represent information in the form he or she desires. XML is so flexible that XML documents cannot be automatically provided with an underlying semantics. Different tag sets, different names for elements or attributes, or different document structures in general mislead the task of classifying and clustering XML documents precisely. In this paper, we design and implement a system that allows checking the semantic-based similarity between XML tags. First, this system extracts the underlying semantics of tags and then expands the synonym set of tags using an WordNet thesaurus and user-defined word library which supports the abbreviation forms and compound words for XML tags. Seconds, considering the relative importance of XML tags in the XML documents, we extend a conventional vector space model which is the most generally used for document model in Information Retrieval field. Using this method, we have been able to check the similarity between XML tags which are represented different tags.

• The KIPS Transactions:PartA
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• v.18A no.2
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• pp.45-52
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• 2011

In the past, a patient went to the room where an ultrasound image diagnosis device was set, and then he or she was examined by a doctor. However, currently a doctor can go and examine the patient with a handheld ultrasound device who stays in a room. However, it was implemented with only fundamental functions, and can not meet the high performance required by the focusing algorithm of ultrasound beam which determines the quality of ultrasound image. In addition, low energy consumption was satisfied for the mobile ultrasound device. To satisfy these requirements, this paper proposes a high-performance and low-power single instruction, multiple data (SIMD) based multi-core processor that supports a representative beamforming algorithm out of several focusing methods of mobile ultrasound image signals. The proposed SIMD multi-core processor, which consists of 16 processing elements (PEs), satisfies the high-performance required by the beamforming algorithm by exploiting considerable data-level parallelism inherent in the echo image data of ultrasound. Experimental results showed that the proposed multi-core processor outperforms a commercial high-performance processor, TI DSP C6416, in terms of execution time (15.8 times better), energy efficiency (6.9 times better), and area efficiency (10 times better).

• The KIPS Transactions:PartB
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• v.11B no.2
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• pp.227-232
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• 2004

When we extract a representative term from text for information retrieval system or a special information for information retrieval and text milling system, we often need to solve the anaphora resolution problem. The antecedent decision problem of a pronoun is one of the major issues for anaphora resolution. In this paper, we are suggesting a method of deciding an antecedent of the third personal pronouns, such as “he/she/they” to analyze the contents of documents precisely. Generally, the antecedent of the third personal Pronouns seem to be the subject of the current statement or previous statement, and also it occasionally happens more than twice. Based on these characteristics, we have found rules for deciding an antecedent, by investigating a case of being an antecedent from the personal pronouns, which appears in the current statement and the previous statements. Since the heuristic rule differs on the case of the third personal pronouns, we described it as subjective case, objective case, and possessive case based on the case of the pronouns. We collected 300 sentences that include a pronoun from the newspaper articles on political issues. The result of our experiment shows that the recall and precision ratio on deciding the antecedent of the third personal pronouns are 79.0% and 86.8%, respectively.

• Environmental and Resource Economics Review
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• v.18 no.4
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• pp.787-813
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• 2009

Because of global warming, the thawing of the Arctic ice cap is slowly accelerating. That is the hot issue nowadays. According to the each country's climate change policy, it is boom in the world to lessen the consuming of the fossil fuel those are oil, coal and natural gas. But on the contrary the thawing of the Arctic ice cap is the chance to make the natural gas producing unit cost lower. The purpose of this paper is to search the Arctic policy of each country under the contradictory relationship between promoting the climate change policy and exploiting the natural gas on the Arctic. Specially, there are huge natural gas reserves in Russia on the Arctic region, Russia's exploiting the natural gas on the Arctic will affect on the natural gas supply-demand balance of world natural gas market strongly in the future. Therefore it needs to prepare the future energy alternative policy for Korea's energy security. Russia has Yamal Peninsular where is abundant on natural gas reserver, and she can supply natural gas by LNG ship all over the world via the Arctic route. This means that the structure of world natural gas market be changed gradually. It will be possible in 2030~2040. And such a change is very important because new natural gas trading type can do it through not only overcoming the geological restriction but also shifting the main trading type from PNG(Pipeline Natural Gas) to LNG(Liquified Natural Gas). Therefore it is necessary that we should let this be a good lesson to ourselves through the government action of other countries (China, Japan) those also have no sovereignty over the Arctic as Korea.