• Architectural research
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• 제10권1호
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• pp.1-11
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• 2008

A Steel column with damaged spray-applied fire resistive material (SFRM) may exhibit reduced structural performance due to the effects of elevated temperature during fire events. Thus, the fire load behavior of steel columns with removed or reduced SFRM needs to be examined to predict the structural damage by fire. FEM analyses were performed for the flange thinning removal models in which the SFRM was reduced as a constant strip in thickness at the top flange of the column. The temperature results for all models obtained from the heat transfer analyses were included as an initial condition in the FEM structural analyses. In this study, the results of analysis show that even small remnants of SFRM led to an effective reduction of temperature at any given fire duration, and improved significantly the axial load capacity of a column as compared to the complete removal cases of SFRM.

• KIEAE Journal
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• 제11권1호
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• pp.15-20
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• 2011

Computer simulation of buildings and solar energy systems is being used increasingly in energy assessments and design. For the six locations (Seoul, Incheon, Daejeon, Deagu, Gwangju and Busan) in South Korea where the global hourly solar irradiation (GHSI) is currently measured, GHSI was calculated using a comparatively simple cloud cover radiation model (CRM) and sunshine fraction radiation model (SFRM). The result was that the measured and calculated values of GHSI were similar for the six regions. Results of cloud cover and sunshine fraction models have been compared with the measured data using the coefficient of determination (R2), root-mean-square error (RMSE) and mean bias error (MBE). The strength of correlation R2 varied within similar ranges: 0.886-0.914 for CRM and 0.908-0.934 for SFRM. Average MBE for the CRM and SFRM were 6.67 and 14.02 W/m2, respectively, and average RMSE 104.36 and 92.15 W/m2. This showed that SFRM was slightly accurate and used many regions as compared to CRM for prediction of GHSI.

• 공업화학
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• 제20권4호
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• pp.416-422
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• 2009

강구조 건축물은 화재시 화염을 차단하기 위한 목적으로 내화재료를 사용하고 있다. 일반적으로 모든 건축 구조용 재료는 시간이 경과할수록 초기의 성능이 열화되기 때문에 이들의 유지관리가 필요하다. 내화 피복재는 건축물의 화재에 대한 내구성능은 내화피복재에 의존하기 때문에 건축물에서 매우 중요한 재료라 할 수 있다. 본 연구에서는 내화피복재로서의 알칼리 규산염의 합성 및 합성한 알칼리 규산염의 물성에 대해 연구하였는데, 알칼리 규산염의 종류로는 potassium silicate, sodium silicate, lithium silicate으로 하였으며, 기본적으로 몰 비율의 변화를 주어 합성하였다. 합성한 알칼리 규산염의 내화특성을 확인하기 위하여 용해도 포비도, 열 분석, 결정학적 분석, 차열성능 및 차염성능에 대해 시험하였다. 연구결과, 합성한 알칼리 규산염의 용해도, 포비도는 칼륨 실리케이트, 소디움 실리케이트, 리튬실리케이트의 순서로 나타났으며, 열분석에 의한 무게 손실은 소디움 실리케이트와 리튬 실리케이트가 칼륨 실리케이트 보다 큰 것으로 나타났다. 또한 화재 시 가장 중요한 차열성능과 차염성능에 대해KS 기준을 만족하는 것은 소디움 실리케이트 3.3 몰 배합으로 나타났는데, 내화피복재로서 우수한 성능을 발휘하였다.

• 한국건축시공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국건축시공학회 2014년도 춘계 학술논문 발표대회
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• pp.170-171
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• 2014

The buildings constructed with steel structure is coated with certified fire resistive material to resist from fire. Coating materials lose their initial performances as time passes, so they need some maintenance. This study is covers standardization of the methods for assessing the durability of SFRM. In Korea, more than 90 percent of SFRM are used indoors. So This study is to decide proper test method through investigation and examination of effect factor to performance of fire-resistant structure and applicable test method.

• 한국건축시공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국건축시공학회 2014년도 추계 학술논문 발표대회
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• pp.109-110
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• 2014

The buildings constructed with steel structure is coated with certified fire resistive material to resist from fire. Coating materials lose their initial performances as time passes, so they need some maintenance. This study is covers standardization of the methods for assessing the durability of SFRM. In Korea, more than 90 percent of SFRM are used indoors. So This study is to decide proper test method through investigation and examination of effect factor to performance of fire-resistant structure and applicable test method.

• 한국화재소방학회논문지
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• 제29권4호
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• pp.1-6
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• 2015

강구조용 내화뿜칠재는 내화구조로 인정을 받아야 사용할 수 있는데 내화뿜칠재 인정시 보와 기둥이 분리되어 평가 및 인정되고 있다. 보와 기둥의 내화시험 표준시험체는 단면형상계수 등이 상이하므로 내화피복 두께산정방법(KS F 2848)에 따르면 동일피복재를 사용하는 경우 동일성능의 보용 뿜칠재와 기둥용 뿜칠재는 피복두께가 상이할 것으로 예상할 수 있다. 그러나 현재 인정이 유효한 내화뿜칠재의 보 기둥 피복두께는 제품별로 서로 동일하거나 매우 유사하다. 그렇다면 동 뿜칠재의 내화구조 인정을 위한 성능시험시 보와 기둥의 강재평균온도에 차이가 있었을 것이라고 추정해 볼 수 있다. 본 연구를 통하여 보용 또는 기둥용 내화뿜칠재의 강재평균온도를 비교분석하여, 보용 기둥용으로 분리하여 평가 및 인정하고 있는 현 제도를 검토해 보고자 한다.

• 한국태양에너지학회 논문집
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• 제40권2호
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• pp.37-48
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• 2020

This study compares cloud radiation model (CRM) and sunshine fraction radiation model (SFRM) according to the solar altitude using hourly sunshine duration (SD) and cloud cover (CC) data. Solar irradiance measurements are not easy for the expensive measuring equipment and precise measuring technology. The two models with the site fitting and South Korea coefficients have been analyzed for fourteen cities of South Korea during the period (1986-2015) and evaluated using the root mean square error (RMSE) and the mean bias error (MBE). From the comparison of the results, it is found that the SFRM with the site fitting coefficients could be the best method for fourteen locations. It may be concluded that the SFRM models of South Korea coefficients generated in this study may be used reasonably well for calculating the hourly horizontal global irradiance (HGI) at any other location of South Korea.

• 한국지진공학회논문집
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• 제25권1호
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• pp.21-32
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• 2021

Concrete masonry prisms are strengthened with steel fiber-reinforced mortar (SFRM) overlay and tested for compressive and diagonal tension strength. Masonry prisms are produced in poor condition considering standard workmanship for masonry buildings in Korea. Amorphous steel fibers are adopted for SFRM, and appropriate mixing ratios of SFRM are derived considering constructability and strength. Masonry prisms are strengthened with different fiber volume ratios, while numerous strengthened faces and additional reinforcing meshes are produced for compression and diagonal tension tests. Compression and diagonal tension strength are increased by up to 122% and 856%, respectively, and the enhancement effect for diagonal tension strength was superior compared to compression strength. Finally, the test results and strength prediction equations based on existing literature and regression analysis are compared.

• 국제학술발표논문집
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• The 9th International Conference on Construction Engineering and Project Management
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• pp.632-639
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• 2022

The objective of this study is to analyze the productivity, efficiency, and factors affecting the productivity of a spray task from an international airport project. The study is focused on the productivity analysis of the Subcontractor whose job was to supply and apply sprayed-applied fire-resistive material (SFRM) on steel members to achieve the necessary fire ratings on the building structures of the Hamad International Airport, Qatar. The study analyzed the productivity of the four sprayer teams who completed the task at three locations and three areas of the airport. The study found that the productivity of the individual team observed during the SFRM spray task was not only different but was also observed different when they worked at varying floor heights where different factors affecting productivity were predominant. The study found that the efficiency was lowest (47.32%) when the spray team had to work at second-floor heights and factors affecting productivity such as limited accessibility for material movement and lifting, site congestion, lack of continuity of operation due to priority areas and frequent re-handling of machines and tools were present. Besides, the factors such as adverse weather conditions and sub-trades interference affected productivity at all locations. The findings show that productivity depends on multiple factors and those factors need to be identified and addressed to improve productivity. The findings also show that the estimated efficiency was hard to achieve but possible since Team 4 had 97% efficiency on the first floor of the airport.