• Korean Journal of Plant Taxonomy
• /
• v.33 no.3
• /
• pp.255-270
• /
• 2003

Pollen morphology of four genera (Daphne L. - 4 spp., Edgeworthia Meisn. - 1 sp., Wikstroemia Endl. - 2 spp., and Stellera L. 1 sp.), except 1 taxon (Diarthron Turcz. - 1 sp.) in Korean Thymelaeaceae were examined with light (LM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The size of grains ($11.3-60.0{\mu}m$) are varied from small (in Stellera) through medium (in Daphne and Wikstroemia) to large (in Edgeworthia). All studied taxa have monad, spheroidal, pantoporate (10-20) grains. The exine is reticulate, especially a typical "croton pattern" which is comprising rings of more or less trihedral subunits. Each triangular subunit is topped by a single microspinule, and the surface pattern is psilale. In Daphne, three types of subunit arrangement can be recognized; - (1) Type I : subunits are arranged circles and attached to each other or sometimes fused in part, (2) Type II: each subunit is trihedral and isolated distinctly, and (3) Type III: each subunit is isolated, but somewhat vague. Systematic implication of the present pollen data for the Korean Thymelaeaceae is also briefly discussed.

• Korean Journal of Agricultural Science
• /
• v.27 no.1
• /
• pp.13-19
• /
• 2000

The external morphology of male and female of Liriomyza trifolii (Burgess) was studied using the scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Three types of sensilla were identified on the funicle of antennae. The trichoid sensilla were most conspicious and distributed with a characteristic sharp structure at the apical end. Basiconic sensilla were showed distal curvature about $13{\mu}m$ long and $1.2{\mu}m$ to $1.4{\mu}m$ in diameter. Grooved sensilla were showed a finger-like projections at the peg apex. The function of these sensilla likely to be olfactory. The mouthparts were adapted for sucking food, and formed a elongate rostrum which was incorporated with labrum. The labrum was a small and flap-like shape. The slender and paired maxillary palp seemed to combine with each other lengthwise to long tube. The tarsus typically consisted of 5 segments, which might be variously modified, principally by thickening or flattening. The segment beared a pair of claws. Beneath the claws, there was a pair of pad-like pulvillia and a bristle-like median empodium. L. trifolii might secreted on the pulvillus and empodium an adhesive substance that enable them to cling to smooth surfaces. Male terminalia was complicated. The name 'aedeagus' seemed the best available general term for the copulatory organ, otherwise, female terminalia was usually relatively simple. This structure was reduced and formed a telescopic, eversible, and tubular ovipositor.

• Polymer(Korea)
• /
• v.33 no.4
• /
• pp.284-289
• /
• 2009

The morphology and mechanical properties of epoxy/polyamide/MPD reactive blends with various amount of polyamide were investigated. The cure behaviors, mechanical strengths, and morphological changes of the epoxy blend systems were analyzed by using DSC, UTM, and SEM, respectively. The amount of high soluble polyamide in epoxy ranged from 0 to 30 phr, and the cure reaction occurred at $170^{\circ}$ for 30 min. The start and maximum exothermic temperature in heat flows during cure reactions appeared at almost same temperature, indicating that soluble polyamide could rarely hinder the cure reactions. From the SEM images, it was found that the size of separated-phase was very fine about 100-300 nm, and at 20 phr of polyamide the boundary of separated-phase was unclear and the phase revealed co-continuous. By AP plasma treatment of specimen surface, the adhesion strength was increased by 20% due to enhanced surface free energy. By blending 20 phr of polyamide with epoxy, the adhesion strength was increased by 50% due to co-continuous phase in morphology. By considering the surface treatment of specimen and morphological tuning of the blends, it can be expected that the improvement in toughness and excellent adhesion strength can be achieved in structural adhesive systems.

• Environmental Engineering Research
• /
• v.12 no.5
• /
• pp.218-223
• /
• 2007

The hybrid $C/TiO_2$ complexes were prepared by a method involving the penetration of titanium n-butoxide (TNB) solution with porous carbons. The photocatalysts were investigated for their surface textural properties and SEM morphology, structural crystallinity and elemental identification between porous carbon and $TiO_2$, and dye decomposition performance. For all the $C/TiO_2$ complexes prepared by TNB solution methods, the excellent photocatalytic effect for dye degradation should be attributed to the synergitic effects between photo-decomposition of the supported $TiO_2$ and adsorptivity of the porous carbons.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Manufacturing Technology Engineers
• /
• v.7 no.1
• /
• pp.34-40
• /
• 1998

Conductive metal matrix composite(MMC) material of 30% silicon carbide particulated based on aluminum matrix was machined by die sinking electrical discharge machining(EDM) process according to different current and duty factor for reverse polarity of electrode. Material removal rate(MRR) was examined by process under various operation conditions. The surface morphology was evaluated by surface roughness parameter and scanning electron microscopy(SEM) research. The MRR was suddenly increased over 11 ampere of current, and it was slightly changed over 0.3 of duty factor. The maximum surface roughness of EDMed surface was affected by the duty factor. The SEM photograghs of EDMed surface showed wide recast distribution region of melting materials as increased of current and duty factor.

• Proceedings of the Korean Vacuum Society Conference
• /
• 2016.02a
• /
• pp.306.2-306.2
• /
• 2016

Niobium oxide thin films were synthesized by reactive rf magnetron sputtering. The target was metallic niobium with 2 inch in diameter and the substrate was n-type Si wafer. To control the surface properties of the films, Nb oxide thin films were obtained at various mixing ratios of argon and oxygen gases. Nb oxide thin films were analyzed with alpha step, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The result of alpha step showed that the thickness of Nb oxide thin films were decreased with increasing the oxygen gas ratios. SEM images showed that the granular morphology was formed at 0% of oxygen gas ratio and then disappeared at 20 and 75% of oxygen gas ratio. The amorphous Nb oxide was observed by XRD at all films. The oxidation state of Nb and O were studied with high resolution Ni 2p and O 1s XPS spectra. And the change in the chemical environment of Nb oxide thin films was investigated by XPS with Ar+ sputtering.

• Journal of Environmental Health Sciences
• /
• v.24 no.3
• /
• pp.11-17
• /
• 1998

Chitin is known as biodegradable natural polymer. In spite of various application of chitin derivatives from waste marine sources, commercial use of chitin has been limited due to high resistance to chemicals and the absense of proper solvents. We chitin prepared through the decalcification, bleaching and deproteination from Protunus trituberculatus shells by change of Hackman's method. Also, Microcrystalline chitin made by hydrolysis that was reduce made of resistance solvents used by dilute hydrochloric acid, ultrasonic and hydrogen peroxide. Crosslinked chitin derivatives were preparaed from chitin with crosslink agents(epichlorohydrin, 1,3-dichloropropanol) follwed by crosslinkage at 6C position. The effects of these parameters on chitin dervatives were invastigated by IR, DSC, XRD, BET, PSA and SEM. SEM analysis showed that both chitin and crosslinked chitin had a particle shaped morphology.

• Journal of Korean society of Dental Hygiene
• /
• v.7 no.2
• /
• pp.189-196
• /
• 2007

A study of the J health college dept of dental hygiene practice vistant a total of 35 supragingival calculus and subgingival calculus picking SEM observation and bacteria identification of the result are followings. 1. As observed by dental calculus SEM, the surface roughness appeared as peaks, valleys, and pits. 2. About bacteteria morphology blood agar plate small green zone partial hemolysis colony streptococcus observation 3. Isolated colony gram stain gram are positive display 4. Supragingival calculus at Lactococcus lactis spp. Leuconostoc spp. Streptococcus mitis, Aerococcus viridans bacteria 1, 3, 3, 16 species detection 5. Subgingival calculus at Aerococcus viridans, Leuconostoc spp. bacteria 5, 1 species detection.

• Applied Chemistry for Engineering
• /
• v.19 no.1
• /
• pp.117-121
• /
• 2008

In this study, thin YSZ film was prepared by electrostatic spray deposition. The morphology of thin film was strongly influenced by precursor solution and substrate temperature. Especially, dense YSZ film was obtained at the substrate temperature of $400^{\circ}C$. The YSZ film growth rate was $12{\mu}m/h $ at the optimum conditions. Product film was characterized by XRD, FE-SEM and EDX.

• Macromolecular Research
• /
• v.11 no.6
• /
• pp.495-500
• /
• 2003

UV-induced graft polymerization of glycidyl methacrylate (GMA) to a polypropylene (PP) membrane was carried out in the vapor phase with benzophenone (BP) as a photoinitiator. Attenuated total reflection Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, atomic force microscopy (AFM), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) were utilized to characterize the copolymer. The degree of grafting increased with increasing reaction time, increased UV irradiation source intensity, and increased immersion concentration of the BP solution. The optimum synthetic condition for the PP-g-GMA membrane was obtained with a reaction time of 2 hrs, a UV irradiation source intensity of 450 W, and an immersion concentration of the BP solution of 0.5 mol/L. The pure water flux decreased upon increasing the degree of grafting and increasing the amount of diethylamino functional group introduced. The analysis of AFM and SEM images shows that the graft chains and diethylamino groups of PP-g-GMA grew on the PP membrane surface, resulting in a change in surface morphology.