• 한국환경생태학회지
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• 제23권6호
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• pp.535-544
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• 2009

산지개발로 인해 불가피하게 훼손되어야 하는 양호한 식생을 대상으로 수목의 외형적 특성인 수형, 흉고직경 등과 기반특성인 토양층위 등 이식가능성 여부를 판단할 수 있는 기준을 제시하고자 본 연구를 진행하였다. 이식수목 선정은 자생성 및 천이단계에 의한 평가, 외형 및 기반특성에 의한 평가 2단계로 구분하여 진행하였다. 1단계에서는 식생발달 측면에서 천이를 주도하는 자생종이 아닌 인공식재수종과 생태적 천이 발달단계에서 도태가 예상되는 수목은 2단계 평가 전에 이식가능 수목에서 제외한 결과 총 3,841주 중 약 5.9%에 해당되는 수목이 이식 불가능한 것으로 판정되었다. 2단계 외형 및 기반특성에 따른 평가에서는 수형등급, 흉고직경급, 토양등급을 기준으로 각각의 수목을 평가한 결과 3,613주 중 약 33.7%(1,218주)는 이식 가능하였으나 23.0%(829주)는 이식 불가능한 것으로 분석되었다. 약 43.3%(1,566주)에 해당되는 수목에 대해서는 이식비용과 새롭게 식재하는 비용에 있어 큰 차이가 없으므로 가능한 이식하는 것이 생태계 보전 측면에서 바람직하나 토양상태 및 수형을 고려하여 현장 관리자의 의견을 반영하도록 제안하였다.

• Animal cells and systems
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• 제3권1호
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• pp.29-39
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• 1999

Current data on reproductive characters of endemic and native species are essential to provide a strategy for the conservation of these species. Red pine (Pinus densiflora Sieb. & Zucc.) is one of the dominant, native tree species in Korea, but its reproductive ecology is not well-known. In 1997, the pattern of variation in cone and seed yields contributing to the conservation of declining populations of red pines was examined. Plant height and dbh were measured, and several new cones were collected from each tagged tree after counting the number of cones on each tree. For a subset of cones sampled, the number of fertile scales, the number of seeds at three development stages (early/late aborted, and filled seed), seed wing size, wing color, and individual filled seed mass were measured. The three sites which differed significantly in mean plant size also differed in mean cone and seed production per plant. However further analyses showed that most variation in characters examined occurred among plants within sites, but not among sites. An average of 90% of the potential seeds on the cones aborted at an early developmental stage, demonstrating that early abortion is a major factor affecting the number of filled seeds per cone. Individual seed mass was the only character which exhibited significant variations among sites as well as among trees within sites. Individual seed mass was overall negatively correlated with both the percentage of late abortion and the number of old cones per plant, suggesting that both the past and current years' reproductive activities have caused variations in seed mass. The potential dispersal distance of red pine seeds is quite large. However, wing loading was correlated with seed mass and number in a complex pattern across the sites. Distribution of seeds with varied colored wings differed among sites and among trees within sites. These results suggest that red pines at different sites might possess different strategies to cope with selection pressures acting during the final phase of reproduction, from seed dispersal to establishment. Then the ‘fitted’ red pine trees at each site should be identified and managed to conserve or restore populations.

• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제25권12호
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• pp.1689-1699
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• 2016

The growth conditions of planted trees, invasion of nuisance herbaceous species, competition between species, and effects of erosion control were monitored over five years in a riparian greenspace in Gapyeong County that was established through multilayered and grouped ecological planting. Of 156 trees planted in the upper and middle layers, 5.8% died. This tree death was attributed to poor drainage or aeration in the rooting zone from the clay-added root ball and too deep planting as well as a small-sized root ball and scanty fine roots. Of all the trees, 21.6% grew poorly due to transplant stress in the first year after planting, but they started to grow vigorously in the third year. This good growth was largely associated with soil improvement before planting, selection of appropriate tree species based on growth ground, and control of dryness and invasive climbing plants through surface mulching and multilayered/grouped planting. Mixed planting of fast-growing species as temporary trees was desirable for accelerating planting effect and increasing planting density. Thinning of fast-growing trees was required in the fifth year after planting to avoid considerable competition with target species. To reduce the invasion of herbaceous and climbing plants that oppress normal growth of planted trees, higher density planting of trees (crown opening of about 15%), woodchip mulching to a 10-cm depth, and edge planting 2 m wide were more effective than lower density planting (crown opening of 70%), no surface mulching, and no edge planting, respectively. This reduction effect was especially great during the first three years after planting. Nuisance herbaceous plants rarely invaded higher density planting with woodchip mulching over the five years. Higher density planting or woodchip mulching also showed much greater erosion control through rainfall interception and buffering than lower density planting with no mulching did. Based on these results, desirable planting and management strategies are suggested to improve the functions of riparian greenspaces.

• 한국자원식물학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국자원식물학회 2020년도 춘계학술대회
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• pp.71-71
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• 2020

Xanthoceras sorbifolia Bunge, the sole species in the genus Xanthoceras, is a flowering plant in the family Sapindaceae. It is an important tree species being a source of edible oil and biodiesel with a capacity as a pioneer of degraded and desert land. Seeds of X. sorbifolia were collected from two plantations and two superior trees in Inner Mongolia; and one plantation and one superior tree in Liaoning, China. An inter simple sequence repeat (ISSR) analysis showed genetic variation among four artificial populations in China: two in Inner Mongolia (IM), one in Liaoning (LN), and one in Shandong (SD). The average percentage of polymorphic loci was 81.25 % for these four populations. Based on an analysis of molecular variance, 23 % of the total genetic variation was found among populations, and 77 % within populations. Traits of seeds varied considerably between and among areas, for example two trees produced quite different seeds in several traits although they are adjacent to each other in the same farm. As much attention has not been paid to the traits of seeds, there should be a genetic test to understand this variation. It is necessary to obtain information on seed characteristics first and then provide basic information for further research on the selection of superior trees and provenances.

• 환경영향평가
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• 제20권5호
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• pp.663-673
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• 2011

In the face of accelerating biodiversity loss and its significance in our coexistence with nature, biodiversity is becoming more crucial in sustainable development perspective. To estimate biodiversity in the future which provides valuable information for decision making system especially in the national level, a quantitative approach must be studied forehand as a baseline of the present status. In this study, we developed a large-scale map of Plant Species Richness (PSR, typical indicator of biodiversity) for Young-dong and Pyung-chang provinces. Due to the accessibility of appropriate data and advance of modelling techniques, reduction of variables without deteriorating the predictive power is considered by applying Genetic algorithm. In addition, a number of Correctly Classified Instances (CCI) with 10-fold cross validation which indicates the predictive power, was carried out for evaluation. This study, as a fundamental baseline, will be beneficial in future land work as well as ecosystem restoration business or other relevant decision making agenda.

• Food Science and Biotechnology
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• 제27권6호
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• pp.1755-1760
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• 2018

The objective of this study was to perform genetic diversity analysis of 13 strains isolated from South Korean foods by multilocus sequence typing (MLST). For typing, seven housekeeping loci (atpA, dnaA, dnaK, gyrB, pheS, pyrG, and rpoA) were selected, amplified and analyzed. Fifty-one polymorphic sites varying from 1 to 22 in each species were identified. Thirteen sequence types were generated with allele numbers ranged from 2 to 10. The overall relationship between strains was assessed by unweighted pair group method with arithmetic mean dendrogram and minimum spanning tree. In addition, combined spits tree analysis revealed intragenic recombination. No clear relationship was observed between the isolation sources and strains. The developed MLST scheme enhanced our knowledge of the population diversity of Leu. citreum strains and will be used further for the selection of industrially important strain.

• 한국산림과학회지
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• 제99권3호
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• pp.312-322
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• 2010

한국에서 비자나무는 남해안 및 제주도의 온난 기후대에 주로 분포하고 있으며, 사찰과 향교 주변 등에서 주로 보호림으로 조성되어 오고 있다. 본 연구의 주된 목적은 한반도의 대표적 비자나무 임분에서 식생구조분석을 실시함으로서 현재 비자나무 식생군락의 동태를 파악하고 이로부터 적절한 임분 보전대책을 수립하는데 있다. 비자나무 임분 내에서 조사된 종수는 총 148종이었으며, 교목층 임분에서 출현수종 28종, 아교목층 출현수종 38종, 그리고 관목층 출현수종 82종의 목본 관속식물이 생육하고 있는 것으로 나타났다. 조사된 비자나무 임분에서 공통적으로 나타난 종은 쥐똥나무, 송악 및 마삭줄이었다. 조사지역 모든 층위에서 비자나무가 우점종 이었으나, 아교목층 및 관목층에서는 그 우점치가 다소 떨어져 임분 쇠퇴현상이 나타났는데, 이러한 사실은 교목층 임분의 수관발달 및 아교목층에서의 생장편의에 의한 결과이다. 비자나무림의 교목층과 아교목층은 천연발아에 의해 조성된 임분이 대부분이다. 따라서 조사된 우리나라 비자나무림에 대한 건강한 임분을 유도하기 위해서는 도태 간벌시업을 응용함으로서 과도한 수관경쟁의 조정이 필요할 것으로 판단되는 바이다.

• 농촌계획
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• 제7권2호
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• pp.33-40
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• 2001

The purpose of this paper is on identifying spatial structure of Palwang and Taechon village and dealing with restoration direction of village spatial structure and village groves. The results are as follows. It was identified that the standing stone for penis form is not standing stone for praying son but complementing that for enforcing enclosed function of enclosing village groves. It was considered that village entrance and entrance road, village grove of Taechon village must be restored for being identified as standing stone of penis form of spatial structure of village. It was considered that the above is essential to connect with ecotourism of Sunchang-gun region. It was identified that Palwang village grove is very good in conservation state, but Taechon village grove has been destructed mostly by various development. It was identified that Palwang village grove is high in species diversity and in scare value as mixed forest, landscape value. The dominent tree of Palwang village was Pinus densiflora and that of Taechon was Salix glandulosa. Salix glandulosa was used pavilion tree, main tree in both village. It was identified that Carpinus tschonoskii is showing the most rapid growth in tree height and Salix glandulosa is showing the most rapid growth in tree breadth diameter of all kind of tree. It was considered that Pinus densiflora was planted first of all and deciduous trees were complemented later. It was considered that simple forest of Pinus densiflora has been changed into mixed forest by artificial affect in the long term. It was considered that Salix glandulosa in Palwang village grove must be indicated as legal protection tree according to present criteria of protection tree selection in Korea. And it is considered desirable that standing stone of penis form and village grove in Palwang village must be indicated unitedly as cultural conservation element.

• 한국산림과학회지
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• 제77권2호
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• pp.223-228
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• 1988

$SO_2$에 대한 내성수종(耐性樹種)을 선발(選拔)하기 위하여, 6수종(樹種)(등나무, 일본목련, 찔레, 튜울립나무, 아까시, 단풍나무)의 엽조직(葉組織)(직경(直徑) 6mm, 50개(個))을 $H_2SO_4$, $H_2SO_3$ 및 $Na_2SO_4$를 증류수로 묽혀 농도별(濃度別)(0, 25, 50, 100 및 250 ppm stoichiometric $SO_2$ concentration) 용액(溶液) 25ml에 띄워 실온(室温)에서 1,500 Lux(fluorescent lamp)하에서 20시간 처리한 후 엽록소함량(葉綠素含量)과 처리용액(處理溶液)의 산도변화(酸度變化)를 측정(測定)하였다. 총엽록소함량(總葉綠素含量)은 처리전(處理前)에 비해 처리후(處理后)에 감소했으며, 급원(給源)$H_2SO_3$에서 가장 심하고 다음으로 $H_2SO_4$, $Na_2SO_4$의 순이었다. 엽록소함량(葉綠素含量)의 감소율(減少率)은 대체로 단풍나무, 일본목련 및 등나무에서는 크게 나타났고, 찔레, 튜울립나무 및 아까시에서는 상대적으로 작았다. 엽록소함량의 감소율은 잎의 $SO_2$에 대한 감수성(感受性)을 나타내는 지표(指標)로 이용할 수 있을 것으로 보인다. 처리용액(處理溶液)의 산도(酸度)는 대체로 처리후(處理后)에 낮아졌으며, 이는 처리중(處理中)에 세포질누출이 있었음을 나타낸다. 처리전후(處理前后)의 용액(溶液)의 산도변화(酸度變化)는 수종별(樹種別)로 엽육발달정도(葉肉發達程度), 조직내(組織內) 산도유지기작(酸度維持機作) 및 완충능(緩衝能)이 상이하므로 $SO_2$에 대한 감수성(感受性)을 나타내는 지표(指標)로 이용(利用)하기는 부적당하다고 보여 진다.

• Weed & Turfgrass Science
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• 제4권4호
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• pp.338-347
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• 2015

Reinforcement cells are used to aid grass growth and taken together, this serves to extend greenery beyond the conventional spaces of lawns, tree pits, gardens, and parks, and is advantageous to urban cities since space for greening is often limited. Drought has variable effects on plant life and the resilience of turf to drought resistance also varies with species. Changes in photosynthetic ability were more pronounced for media rather than grass species. The media of sand without organic matter was found to be least suited for drought resistance. Normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) and digital image analysis (DIA) data were generally in favour of Zoysia species as oppose to A. compressus. In A. compressus, selective traits such as, a more extensive root system and lower specific leaf area (SLA) were not an underlying factor that assisted this grass with enhanced drought resistance. Generally, WUE was found to be strongly related to plant characterises such as overall biomass, photosynthetic features as well as the lushness indexes, and specific leaf area. This study found a strong relationship between WUE and a suite of plant characteristics. These traits should serve as useful selection criteria for species with the ability to resist water stress.