• Proceedings of the Korea Contents Association Conference
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• 2011.05a
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• pp.463-464
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• 2011

일본식 배수공이 설치된 제방의 정상상태의 침투 흐름을 수리모형과 SEEP2D 수치모형을 사용하여 분석하였다. 경상북도 구미시에 위치한 해평천의 현장 재료를 사용하였고 배수공은 굵은 골재와 부직포를 사용하여 수조 내부에 제작하였다. SEEP2D 모형의 매개변수는 투수계수, 최소압력수두, 최소수리전도도가 있으며, 각 매개변수에 대한 민감도 분석을 수행하였다. 수치모형의 결과는 실험 결과와 비교적 잘 일치함을 알 수 있었다. 제외지에서 제내지로 갈수록 침윤선은 낮아졌고 일본식 배수공이 설치된 부분에서 급격히 낮아져 배수공 내에 침윤선이 위치했다.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2012.05a
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• pp.541-545
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• 2012

이 연구에서는 SEEP2D 모형을 사용하여 하부에 투수지반을 갖는 제방 내부의 침투흐름에 대한 수치모의를 수행하였다. 제방의 재료는 4대강사업 낙동강 제2하구둑 건설 현장에서 채취한 시료를 사용하였으며, 입도분석과 들밀도시험을 통해 구한 제방의 건조단위중량과 다짐도 및 제방의 투수계수는 각각 $1.372g/cm^3$, 93%, 1.35 m/day이다. 투수지반층과 1:3 비탈경사를 가지는 제방모형을 제작하여 연직 이차원 정상류 침투해석 모형을 해석하는 SEEP2D 프로그램을 사용하여 나온 결과 값을 수리모형 실험 결과 값과 비교하였다. 모의조건은 0.45 m, 0.50 m, 0.55 m, 0.60 m의 4가지 수위(각각 Case1~4)조건에 대하여 수리모형실험과 동일한 조건을 수치모형에 적용하였다. 수치모형의 결과는 실험결과와 비교적 일치하였지만 제방의 비탈사면이 시작하는 부분에서는 수치모형의 결과 값보다 실험결과 값이 작은 것으로 확인되었다. 각각의 조건별로 수치해와 실험 결과값을 비교해본 결과 대체적으로 비슷한 양상을 보였지만 제방의 비탈사면이 시작하는 지점부터 수치모형의 결과 값보다 실험결과 값이 작은 것으로 확인되었다. Case3의 경우 4.35 m 지점부터 6.00 m 지점까지 유출이 발생하였으며 수치모형의 결과값과 실험결과 값의 차이가 가장 작게 나타났다. 사면유출 길이는 Case4에서 가장 길게 나타났으며 최대 4.10 cm로 발생하였다.

• Journal of Korea Water Resources Association
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• v.47 no.4
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• pp.307-319
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• 2014

Because of the rapid rising of water related disasters due to the global warming, the extreme design criteria of levee construction for severe flood has been applied in several developed countries such as USA and Netheland. In Korea, the national river restoration projects were carried out on 4 major rivers in recent several years. The projects consisted of riverbed dredge and levee reinforcement, and new construction have caused wide change of river environment. However, concrete countermeasures for levee safety and river management have not been suggested until now. Therefore, this study assesses the levee safety of Yulji levee located in Hoechon, Nakdong Basin, where the Levee Seepage Monitoring System installed. The stability of levee is assessed based on the simulation performed by SEEP/W(2D unsaturated seepage model) and the simulated results are compared with the observed data. The effects of the flood wave and levee shape on the levee safety are investigated through several simulations.

• Journal of Korea Water Resources Association
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• v.51 no.4
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• pp.293-299
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• 2018

In this study, a new technique for evaluating the flood vulnerability of river banks is proposed. For this purpose, flood quantities of the basin were estimated based on the future climate change scenarios and the infiltration stability was evaluated by analyzing the infiltration behavior using SEEP/W which is a 2D groundwater infiltration model of the levee. The size of the river levee was investigated. The size of river levee was investigated by selecting the target area. The safety factor of the levee was analyzed considering the current flood level of the levee and the flood level considering the climate change. The factor needed to analyze the levee vulnerability was derived. We analyzed the vulnerability of the levee considering the change of the levee level according to the climate change scenarios. Levee Flood Vulnerability Index (LFVI) were used to evaluate the vulnerability of the levee.

• Journal of the Korean GEO-environmental Society
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• v.17 no.8
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• pp.29-37
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• 2016

In order to prevent leakage of contaminants in offshore landfill, vertical barrier should be installed. Vertical barrier should be installed at designed depth of seabed to prevent the horizontal transport of contaminant in the subsurface. In this study, the seepage and contaminant transport in the subsurface according to embedded depth of vertical barrier were analyzed by using 2-D finite element analysis program SEEP/W and 3-D finite difference analysis program Visual Modflow. Numerical modelling results show that seepage flux and contaminant transport in seabed was greatly reduced when vertical barrier was installed at certain depth of low permeable layer. Therefore, the determination of minimum embedded depth for preventing contaminant leakage is helpful to design the economical vertical barrier.

• Journal of the Korean Geosynthetics Society
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• v.19 no.4
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• pp.1-9
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• 2020

This study analyzes contaminant movement under transient flow in a rubble mound revetment offshore waste landfill barrier system that prevents contaminant runoff. The barrier system consists of bottom layer and side barrier. For the bottom layer system, impermeable clay layer is used. For the side barrier system, the HDPE barrier sheet (primary element) plays the main role, and the intermediate protection layer (supplementary element) is responsible for the barrier. Seepage, advection, dispersion numerical analysis was carried out using SEEP / W and CTRAN / W programs. As a result, under abnormal conditions considering the fluctuation in tidal range, the volume and direction of the flow velocity vector of the pore water change with time and the dispersion concentration of the contaminant changes. When comparing the case of 2 m tidal range and 8 m tidal range, the larger the tide value, the higher the concentration of contaminant under abnormal conditions. It was found that the rate of change of the concentration of the contaminant changed depending on the change in the tidal range, and as a result, the outflow of the pollutant was smaller than that in the steady flow state.

• Journal of Korea Water Resources Association
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• v.48 no.4
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• pp.269-279
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• 2015

Nowadays, the world has suffered by natural disaster of climate change due to global warming. Korea has also faced with similar situation. To prevent these natural disaster, Four Major River Management has conducted. One of conducted content in Four Major River Management is the levee maintenance which classified into fill-up the inland, levee of reinforcement and so on. These maintenances may make the characteristics of groundwater flow change and affect to the levee safety (piping phenomenon). Therefore, analysis on groundwater fluctuation according to level of riverside and inland should be required. This study focus on levee of Hoe stream, which is connected to Nakdong river, and piping safety factor in the levee analyzed by using pore water pressure. Besides, groundwater fluctuation, which is depended on level of riverside and inland, is simulated by using the SEEP/W (2D ground water model). This simulation considered steady flow and unsteady flow. As a result, piping safety factor increased due to rising the inland level. Piping safety factor of riverside was effected by only river water level. Therefore, external levee factor considering inland level raising and suitable control of river water level is need to increase piping safety factor.

• Journal of the Korean GEO-environmental Society
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.39-46
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• 2008

Due to the growth in industrialization, potential hazards in subsurface environments are becoming increasingly significant. The extraction of the contaminant from the soil and movement of the water are restricted due to the low permeability and adsorption characteristics of the reclaimed soils. There are a number of approaches to in-situ remediation that are used in contaminated sites for removing contaminants. These include soil flushing, dual phase extraction, and soil vapor extraction. Among these techniques, soil flushing was the focus of the investigation in this paper. Incorporated technique with PVDs has been used for dewatering from fine-grained soils for the purpose of ground improvement by means of prefabricated vertical drain systems. The laboratory model tests were performed by using the flushing tracer solutions for silty soils and recorded the tracer concentration changes with the elapsed time and flow rates. The modeling was intended to predict the effectiveness and time dependence of the remediation process. Modeling has been performed on the extraction, considering tracer concentration and laboratory model test characteristics. The computer model used herein are SEEP/W and CTRAN/W, this 2-D finite element program allows for modeling to determine hydraulic head and pore water pressure distribution, efficiency of remediation for the subsurface environment. It is concluded that the coefficient of permeability of contaminated soil is related with vertical velocity and extracted flow rate. The vertical velocity and extracted flow rate have an effect on dispersivity and finally are played an important role in-situ soil remediation.

• Economic and Environmental Geology
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• v.40 no.2 s.183
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• pp.209-221
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• 2007

Numerical analysis was performed to investigate the effect of heavy metal contamination on neighboring environment in case a dam is constructed by using rockfill materials contaminated by heavy metals. The numerical simulation carried out in this research includes both subsurface flow and contaminant transport in the inside of the CFRD(Concrete Faced Rockfill Dam), using two commercial programs, SEEP2D and FEMWATER. The three representative cases of scenarios were chosen to consider a variety of cases occurring in a dam site; (1) Scenario 1 : no crack in the concrete face slab, (2) Scenario 2 : a crack In the upper part of face slab, and (3) Scenario 3 : a crack between plinth and face slab in the lower part of face slab. As a result of seepage analysis, the amount of seepage in scenario 2 was calculated as $14.31\sim14.924m^3/day$ per unit width, corresponding to the 1,000 times higher value than that in other scenarios. Also, in the simulation of contaminant transport by using FEMWATER, specified contaminant concentration of 13 ppb in main rockfill zone was set to consider continuous leakage from the rock materials. Through the analysis of contaminant transport, we found that elapsed times to take for the contaminant concentration of about 2 ppb to arrive at the end of a dam are as follows. Scenario 1 has the elapsed time of 55,000 years. In Scenario 2. it is 50 years. Finally, scenario 3 has 27,000 years. The rapid transport of the contaminant in scenario 2 was attributed to greater seepage flow by 500 times than other scenarios. Although, in case of upper crack in the face slab, it was identified that the contaminant might transport to the end of a dam within 100 years with about 2 ppb concentration, however, it happened that the contaminant was hardly transported out of the dam in other scenarios, which correspond to either no crack or a crack between plinth and face slab. In conclusion, the numerical analysis showed that the alternative usage of the contaminated sand and gravel as the dam embankment material can be one of the feasible methods with the assumption that the cracks in a face slab could be controlled adequately.

• Tunnel and Underground Space
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.44-57
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• 2008

In this study, a 2D finite-element analysis, using the SEEP/W program, was carried out to estimate the amount of groundwater flawing into a tunnel, as well as the groundwater tables around wetland areas during and after a tunnel excavation through rock mass. Four sites along the Wonhyo-tunnel in Cheonseong Mountain (Gyeongnam, Korea) were analysed, where the model damain of the tunnel included both wetland and fault zone. The anisotropy of the hydraulic conductivities of the rock mass was calculated using the DFN model, and then used as an input parameter for the cantinuum model. Parametric study on the influencing factors was perofrmed to minimize uncertainties in the hydraulic properties. Moreover, the volumetric water content and hydraulic conductivity functions were applied ta the model to reflect the ability of a medium ta store and transport water under both saturated and unsaturated conditions. The conductivity of fault zone was assumed ta be $10^{-5}m/sec\;or\;10^{-6}m/sec$ and the conductivity of grouting zone was assumed as 1/10, 1/50 or 1/100 of the conductivity of rock mass. Totally $6{\sim}8$ cases of transient flow simulation were peformed at each site. The hydraulic conductivities of fault zone showed a significant influence on groundwater inflow when the fault zone crossed the tunnel. Also, groundwater table around wetland maintained in case that the hydraulic conductivity of grouting zone was reduced ta be less than 1/50 of the hydraulic conductivity of rock mass.