• Journal of Korean Society for Quality Management
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• v.41 no.4
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• pp.683-692
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• 2013

Purpose: Car seats affect customer satisfaction greatly when the seats' design is changed because car holders are in close contact with the seats. However, the improvement of the current seats' design involves risks such as investment cost, and therefore it needs strategic operating measures from the perspective of customers. Until now, operations of seats' specification have been decided by technical-push rather than market-pull, and carried out based on professionals' experience without measuring customer satisfaction correctly. The purpose of this study is to present a systematic approach to measure customers' perception on the car seats using the Kano model and pairwise comparison technique. Methods: The authors derive 17 major functions of a car seat by analyzing major components of car seats, and conduct a survey of 141 adults who hold a car(s). Results: The results show that consumers perceive the adjustable functions of front seats as must-be while the same functions for rear seats are perceived as attractive. In particular, motor operated functions for both front and rear seats increase customer satisfaction greatly if they are presented. Conclusion: This study shows that how much customer (dis)satisfaction will increase if a function of car seats (non)fulfilled, and therefore, the results of this study will provide practitioners and R&D personnel in new automobile seats development projects with useful information.

• The Korean Journal of Applied Statistics
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• v.27 no.1
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• pp.133-146
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• 2014

The United States Census Bureau released a new version of X-13ARIMA-SEATS that integrates X-12-ARIMA with TRAMO-SEATS. This paper compares a seasonal adjusted series from X-13ARIMA-SEATS and those from X-12-ARIMA. An X11 filter and SEATS filter were used for the X-13ARIMA-SEATS. The result of the comparison suggests that seasonal adjusted series using X-13ARIMA-SEATS with the X11 filter are similar to those of X-12-ARIMA.

• The Korean Journal of Applied Statistics
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• v.23 no.6
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• pp.997-1021
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• 2010

This paper compares the two most widely used seasonal adjustment methods: the X-12-ARIMA and TRAMO-SEATS procedures. The basic features of these methods are discussed and compared in both their theoretical and empirical aspects. In doing so, the X-13A-S program is used to reevaluate their applicability to Korean macroeconomic data by considering possible structural breaks in the series. The finding is that both methods provide very reliable and stable estimates of seasonal factors and seasonally adjusted data. As for the empirical comparisons, TRAMO-SEATS appears to outperform X-12-ARIMA, although the results are somewhat mixed depending on the comparison criteria used and on the series under analysis. In particular, the performance of TRAMO-SEATS turns out to compare more favorably when seasonal adjustment is carried out to each sub-samples (by taking possible structural breaks into account) than when the whole sample period is used. The result suggests that as the model-based TRAMO-SEATS has a considerable theoretical appeal, some features of TRAMO-SEATS should further be incorporated into X-12-ARIMA until a standard and integrated procedure is reached by combining the theoretical coherence of TRAMO-SEATS and the empirical usefulness of X-12-ARIMA.

• 제어로봇시스템학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2003.10a
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• pp.458-461
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• 2003

This paper presents a concept on seat assignment systems. The concept is based on the assumption that customers or passengers prefer to select seats at their own choosing and allowing them to do so would fragment remaining seats. This undesirable condition may make a group of people intending to be seated together unable to find a sufficient number of consecutive seats. The concept proposed is to set aside a number of seats when the map of available seats is shown for customer's selection. A number of functions are created to allot seats to be visible for choosing according to the number and locations of the remaining seats and the number in the group of the passengers. Passengers' preferences such as window or aisle seating, front seating are taken into accounts. A primitive example of seat assignment system of a Boeing 717 aircraft, assuming the number of passengers in a group being 1, 2 or 3, is given based on the concept.

• Korean Parent-Child Health Journal
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.110-122
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• 2007

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to research the actual state of the toddler and preschooler safety seats built into the car. Method: The design was a descriptive study by questionnaire. Data were collected from August, 1, 2007 to September, 30, 2007. A total 232 toddler and preschooler parents in Seoul and Inchon. Data were analysed using SPSS WIN 12.0. Result: The study show that people who did not get a education are 86.2%. Using the child safety seats also show that 96.1% of respondents are holding in their arms, only 3.0% of respondents used them. 21.1% answered that they get on the vehicles with holding their children in their arms and 48.3% answered that they let their children alone on the seat, just 29.7% are using the child safety seats. Conclusion: To increase child safety seats configurations rate, available education is needed. For this, contents about child safety seats must be included for education leaving the hospital by nurses who work in nursery. For the consideration about child safety seats configuration rate, complement of the legal system and development of available protective equipment and economical support of the nation and the local community is needed.

• Korean Parent-Child Health Journal
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.77-90
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• 2007

Purpose: Motor vehicle crashes are the leading cause of death among children younger than 14 years old. The purposes of this study were to 1) provide a basic overview of child safety seats, 2) review car seat safety usage and misuse, 3) suggest interventions to motivate the usage of child safety seats. Method: The design was a descriptive study with literature review. Previous studies were searched of PUBMED, ProQuest and KERIS. Result: Child safety seats and automobile safety belts protect children in a crash if they are used correctly, but if a child does not fit in the restraint correctly, it can lead to injury. A child safety seat should be used until the child correctly fits into an adult seat belt. Conclusion: To improve child passenger's safety, educational, legislational and environmental enforcements are needed: educational interventions to promote use of child safety seats, strengtened legislation to mandate use of child safety seats, establishment of public acquirements.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Noise and Vibration Engineering Conference
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• 1996.10a
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• pp.365-370
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• 1996

This paper introduces experimental results of whole-body vibration exposed through the contact area between automotive seat and human body. Such vibration experiment was carried out for five automotive seats in use and four Korean individuals. Interestingly, the quantitative assessment of the ride values of the tested seats do not only enable us to judge the footnotes the Korean technology in automotive seat has left so far, but also lead to the systematic way of improving their ride quality, in addition in Korean automotive seats raised in this paper.

• Proceedings of the ESK Conference
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• 1997.04a
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• pp.10-16
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• 1997

The ride comfort is one of the most important indices which decide the quality of automotive seats. A subjective evaluation is the general method for comfort evaluation of automotive seats. But the subjective evaluation assess the individual sensibility using questionnaire. Therefore, a need to develop methodologies to obtain objective measurements of the fatigue evaluation is evident. In an effort to monitor muscle activity during driving electromyography (EMG) was employed. In an experimental setting the subjective evaluation was conducted using questionnaire under the static conditions (8 subjects) and the fatigue was induced in muscles using EMG under the dynamic conditions (2 drivers). The resultant EMG signals were then sampled for three different muscles. In test involving 2 subjects of similar size and build, utilizing four different automotive seats, test results support the use of EMG to quantify muscular fatigue as a viable means of objective evaluation for the different automotive seats.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Nondestructive Testing
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• v.34 no.5
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• pp.390-396
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• 2014

A study on smart seats for railroad vehicles was conducted using piezoelectric (PZT) sensors. For this purpose, the concept of passenger friendly smart seats was defined, and a PZT sensor was selected as the optimum sensor based on this concept. Using PZT sensors, simulation tests were performed using a sub-scale model railroad vehicle. In these tests, the main functions of the smart seats were extracted and simplified to improve the effectiveness of the simulation tests. Based on the test results, the system for smart seats proposed in this paper was successfully verified using PZT sensors and the dedicated operation software for the system. This paper will contribute to the improvement of services in high-speed rail systems through advances in ticket checking tasks.

• Journal of the korean Society of Automotive Engineers
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• v.8 no.3
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• pp.55-67
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• 1986

The safety and comfort of car seats wee studied by utilization of engineering analysis/ experiment and human engineering data. As important factors of the static seating comfort, static spring constant, body pressure distribution, driving posture were discussed. In connection with the dynamic seating comfort, vibrational characteristics of domestic car seats(natural frequencies, damping, frequency spectrum, transmission ratio)were measured and discussed. Finally, the safety of the seat was analyzed and evaluated through calculation and experiments.