• 한국자동차공학회논문집
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• 제4권6호
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• pp.85-96
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• 1996

Most protection systems such as seat belts and airbags are not effective means for side structure. There has been significant effort in the automobile industries in seeking other protective methods, such as stiffer structure and padding on the door inner panel. Therefore, a car-to-car side impact model has been developed using ATB occupant simulation program and validated for test data of the vehicle. Compared to the existing side impact models, the developed model has a more detailed vehicle side structure representation for the more realistic impact response of the door. This model include impact bar which effectively increases the side structure stiffness without reduction of space between the occupant and the door and padding for absorbing impact energy. The established model is applied to a 4-door vehicle. The parameter study indicated that a stiffer impact bar would reduce both the acceleration-based criteria, such as thoracic trauma index: TTI(d), and deformation-based criteria, such as viscous criterion(VC). Padding on the door inner panel would reduce TTI(d) while VC gives the opposite indication in a specified thickness range. For a 4-door vehicle, the stiffness enhancement of B-pillar is more beneficial than that of A-pillar for occupant injury severity indices.

• 한국유체기계학회 논문집
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• 제16권5호
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• pp.29-35
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• 2013

Butterfly valve seated rubber has been widely used in water works and industrial fields because it has advantages which are small installation area and low weight. The size and material of butterfly valve have been selected by service environments and purposes. But there are out of the ordinary to find papers for the life characteristics of the butterfly valve. So, this study carries out the accelerated life test, which has an acceleration factor with pressure, using performance and life test equipment. Accelerated model is adopted with 3 stress level and the inverse power law model to estimate the life of the test samples. After the analysis of the test result, accelerated index has 7.0 and the acceleration factor has 208 which is applied with field condition with the pressure 6.3 bar.

• 한국감성과학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국감성과학회 2003년도 추계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.1251-1258
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• 2003

This paper is a study on the pedal placement and driving position of forklift according to the various body dimensions. Comfortable driving position were measured angles of joint(ankle, knee, hip) by Goniometer. From SIP(seat index point) to basis of pedals were measured about X and Y axises. In addition, Z axises were gauged between floor and pedals. In this paper, The 27 male subjects with no experience in driving forklift were measured in the test in order to exclusion of learning effect. Therefore the subjects have a preference for pedal location to the body dimensions, if as long as their body dimensions was very long, they would required each pedal's location of Y axis to increase. However, driving position is no influence. The pedal location of X and Z axises weren't related with various body dimensions and subjects have symmetrical location to the pedals of inching and break and hight of brake pedal is lower than the others. They hope that brake pedal is lower than others.

• 대한기계학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한기계학회 2001년도 추계학술대회논문집B
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• pp.921-927
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• 2001

Steady flow bench test is a practical, powerful and widely used test in most engine manufacturers to give a design concept of a new engine. In order to use steady data as a performance index, it is necessary to build some database, which can correlate the port characteristics with engine data. However, it is very hard to investigate all port and valve shapes with experimental tools. The steady flow scheme is relatively simple and its results are bulk ones such as flow rate and momentum of flow. Therefore a CFD code can be easily applied to the port evaluation. In this study, the steady flow test was simulated through two and three-dimensional analysis on intake port design for comparing with experimental data and confirming the feasibility of applying analytic method. For this purpose, the effect of valve curvature on flow rate was estimated by a CFD code. There results were compared with those of real steady flow tests. As a result, the 2-D analysis described the phenomena qualitatively well, and also the results of 3-D analysis were almost consistent with experimental data.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• 제23권3호
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• pp.43-47
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• 2011

Purpose: This study determined the best adjustable height supporter for stroke patients in wheelchairs for the maintenance of a symmetric sitting posture. Methods: Thirty-one stroke participants and 20 age-matched control participants were recruited. The enrolled participants were evaluated by the Force Sensitive Application (FSA) System that was used to assess weight shift and symmetry in wheelchair sitting and assess the symmetric index (SI) of subjects according to 1, 2 and 3 cm height supporters. Results: When a 1 cm height supporter was applied to the paretic side of stroke survivors, sitting postures of stroke patients were significantly more symmetrical (p<0.01). Cross tabulation between the SI of wheelchair sitting and that of the paretic side of stroke patients caused? by a 1 cm supporter showed that 21 SIs of 26 stroke patients were improved by a 1 cm supporter to the paretic side (k=0.26, p<0.01). Conclusion: The findings of the present study demonstrate that stroke patients can maintain a more symmetrical sitting posture (than is possible when simply sitting in a wheelchair seat) if a 1 cm supporter is applied to the paretic side of stroke patients.

• 산업경영시스템학회지
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• 제29권4호
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• pp.1-7
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• 2006

This study determined the optimal positions of the movable steering wheel and pedal systems of industrial vehicle by various body dimensions. The position of objects and starting driving posture were measured by Martin-type anthropometer and goniometer. The X, Y and Z axis of movable steering wheel and pedal systems were measured horizon distance from right side to left side, horizon distance from front side to rear side and vertical distance from floor to ceiling. During the experiment in order to exclude learning effectiveness with forklift driving, 27 subjects who had male not experiences in driving a forklift used in the experiment. The relationship between the position of steering wheel and driver's posture with body dimensions was analyzed by using correlation relation and paired comparison t-test based on the measured data. The pedal location in X and Z axises was not related with various body dimensions. Also, the steering wheel was different among the angles of the right elbow and shoulder depending on the various body dimensions.

• 한국결정성장학회지
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• 제21권2호
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• pp.65-69
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• 2011

RF 마그네트론 스퍼터링으로 가스조성비와 기판의 온도를 변화시키면서 $Tio_2$ 박막을 성장하였다. XRD, SEM, AFM 및 분광 광도계를 이용하여 박막의 구조와 광학적 특성을 고찰하였다. 박막에는 아나타제 결정성만 관찰되었으며 온도가 높아질수록 회절 피크의 강도가 증가하였다. 산소농도가 증가함에 따라 기둥구조의 결정성장률이 감소되었으며 굴절률과 흡수율은 감소하였다. $Tio_2$ 박막은 300~400oC의 기판온도와 10 %의 $O_2$ 분위기에서 성장한 박막의 표면이 매끄럽고 투과특성이 우수한 $300{\sim}400^{\circ}C$ 박막을 얻을 수 있었다.

• Journal of Biosystems Engineering
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• 제40권1호
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• pp.19-27
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• 2015

Purpose: A system to measure the visibility of agricultural tractor operators was designed and evaluated according to ISO standards, and a blind area diagram around the tested tractor was created based on the manual method recommended by the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH). Methods: A visibility measurement system was designed and evaluated based on the ISO 5006 and ISO 5721-1 standards. Two bulbs used to simulate the operator's eyes were mounted on a bar with a supporting frame. A wooden frame was used to determine the seat index point position. The 12-m visibility test circle was divided into six sectors of vision, and the test tractor was placed at the center of the circle. Artificial light was supplied in the darkened environment, and shadow or masking effects were measured manually around the 12-m circle. Results: When the bulbs were placed at the operator's eye level, front visibility was good; no masking was found in the "A" vision sector, but larger masking widths were found in the "B" and "C" vision sectors. Since the masking width exceeded 700 mm, additional tests, such as movement of the light sources to both sides of the operator's eye level, were performed. Less than six masking effects were found in the semi-circle of vision to the front, and more than one masking was found in the "B" and "C" visual fields. The minimum distance between the centers of two masking effects exceeded 2500 mm when measured as a chord on the semi-circle of vision. A blind area diagram was created to define the exact nature of the blind spots and mirror visibility. Conclusions: Visibility evaluation is an effective way to enable proper and safe operation for agricultural tractor operators. Inclusion of this visibility evaluation test in the general testing process might aid tractor manufacturers.

• 한국철도학회논문집
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• 제13권6호
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• pp.552-558
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• 2010

철도차량의 승차감은 진동뿐만 아니라 소음, 냄새, 온도 등 많은 요인들에 의해 영향을 받지만 승객에 크게 영향을 주는 진동으로 평가하는 것이 일반적이다. 승차감은 승객이 느끼는 감정이므로 물리적인 가속도의 크기뿐만 아니라 진동에 대한 인간의 감응도(느낌)도 고려하여야 한다. 이러한 진동에 대한 인간의 감응도를 나타낸 것이 주파수 보정곡선이다. 따라서, 철도 차량의 승차감 평가에는 인간의 감응도가 고려된 주파수 보정 가속도를 필요로 한다. 철도차량의 승차감 평가는 많은 규격에 규정되어 있으나, 각각의 규격에 따라 서로 다른 주파수 보정 곡선을 제시하고 있다. 본 논문에서는 국제철도협회, 유럽표준위원회, 국제표준위원회에서 규정한 주파수 보정곡선에 대해 분석하고 그 차이점을 고찰한다. 또한, 주파수 보정곡선의 차이가 고속철도 차량의 승차감 평가에 미치는 영향을 실제의 시운전 시험을 통해 분석하고자 한다.

• 한국의상디자인학회지
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• 제23권2호
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• pp.17-28
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• 2021

The baby-tech industry, which combines IT with existing parenting product, is attracting increasing amounts of attention. Consequently various types of baby products incorporating functionality and design are being launched. In recent years, particularly as the market segments increases for babywearing products, parenting products that account for the child's comfort and parents' convenience are required. Therefore, this study examines the characteristics and consumer perception of babywear products, which are important for the emotional stability, development, and rearing of children. The study utilizes text mining and a network analysis by collecting unstructured text data. An examination of the network, based on the frequency of keywords for each babywear product and the degree of the connection to the centering index, revealed that consumers value convenience and price when purchasing products. The consumer perception and consideration factors that appear individually according to the product were also identified. In addition, studying body parts with high TF-IDF values revealed a difference in the body parts considered by consumers for each product. Lastly, through the visualization data based on the keywords that appeared in public, commonly appearing keywords, and those that appeared individually were examined. Through SNS, product characteristics as well as a new parenting culture that shared child-rearing routines were confirmed. This study suggests planning and marketing directions for the development of babywear products that meet consumer needs.