• 전기학회논문지
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• 제67권12호
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• pp.1577-1586
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• 2018

The emergence of the Smart Grid is an integrated solution for the next generation power system that combines IT technology in the power system to create optimal energy utilization and various services. However, these convergence technologies (power systems and information communications) are not only improving the related technologies but also producing various problems especially exposure to cyber risk. In particular, the intelligent power grid has security vulnerabilities through real-time information sharing among various organically linked systems, and it is more complicated than the cyber risk problem in the existing IT field and is directly connected to national disaster accidents. Therefore, in order to construct and operate a more stable smart grid, this paper analyzes the system of power system control system in Korea, and proposes a cyber security element definition and a countermeasure establishment method of power monitoring & control systems based on security standards of smart grid (No. SPS-SGSF-121-1-1).

• International Journal of Computer Science & Network Security
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• 제22권3호
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• pp.220-228
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• 2022

The directed tests produce an expectation model to assist the organization's heads and professionals with settling on the right and speedy choice. A directed deep learning strategy has been embraced and applied for SCADA information. In this paper, for the load shedding expectation overall power organization of Libya, a convolutional neural network with multi neurons is utilized. For contributions of the neural organization, eight convolutional layers are utilized. These boundaries are power age, temperature, stickiness and wind speed. The gathered information from the SCADA data set were pre-handled to be ready in a reasonable arrangement to be taken care of to the deep learning. A bunch of analyses has been directed on this information to get a forecast model. The created model was assessed as far as precision and decrease of misfortune. It tends to be presumed that the acquired outcomes are promising and empowering. For assessment of the outcomes four boundary, MSE, RMSE, MAPE and R2 are determined. The best R2 esteem is gotten for 1-overlap and it was 0.98.34 for train information and for test information is acquired 0.96. Additionally for train information the RMSE esteem in 1-overlap is superior to different Folds and this worth was 0.018.

• 한국정보처리학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국정보처리학회 2016년도 추계학술발표대회
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• pp.228-231
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• 2016

현재 한 번의 공격으로 많은 피해를 줄 수 있는 국가기반시설 위주의 제어시스템은 사이버 공격의 대상으로 가장 적합하다고 할 수 있다. 이에 대비해 제어시스템에서 주로 사용되는 DNP3는 한정적이고 반복된 트래픽을 주고받아 화이트리스트 기반 보안 기법이 사이버 공격으로부터 효과적으로 시스템을 보호할 수 있다. 본 논문에서는 제어시스템에 알려져 있는 취약점에 대해서 소개하고, 화이트리스트 보안 기법을 적용하고 규칙을 정의하여 이상 징후를 탐지하였다.

• 대한전기학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전기학회 1997년도 하계학술대회 논문집 A
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• pp.149-151
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• 1997

Korea Water Resources Corporation (KOWACO) has used hard wired sequential control system for dams and SCADA / DCS for water supply offices. The control system, which consists of automatic control, communication and computer science, has to look for the security of operation and the quality of generated power and treated water. In this paper, we would like to propose the systematic evaluation of technical proposals such as purpose, method/procedure, evaluation criteria and report preparation.

• 기술사
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• 제43권3호
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• pp.28-33
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• 2010

The related industrial technologies are also being developed in medicine, education, the military, transportation, process management, security management and information technology industries due to a rapid progress in telecommunications technology. The supervisory remote control system is based upon telecommunications technology. The supervisory remote control systems are used in various ways such as city gas, water supply and drainage, environment, power, communication and device control fields. The supervisory remort control system became a solution with complex systems and important technologies in electricity, city gas filed that require safety management skills. The supervisory remote control system as a special technology has a lot of practical applications. In this paper, Let me examine the present status of remort control system applications and present development plans and alternatives in city-gas industrial technology.

• 정보보호학회지
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• 제24권3호
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• pp.44-53
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• 2014

최근 전력 제어시스템의 자동화 효율(Automation Efficiency)과 상호운용성(Interoperability)을 높이기 위해 공개된 표준 프로토콜과 상용 시스템을 사용하게 되었고 외부망과의 연결 필요성이 증가됨에 따라 SCADA 시스템에 대한 공격 위협성이 증가하고 있다. 그러나 전력 제어시스템의 중앙제어장치(Master)와 현장 운영장치(Outstation) 간 데이터를 교환하기 위한 통신 규격인 DNP(Distributed Network Protocol) 프로토콜은 보안을 고려하지 않고 개발되어 통신규격 자체에 보안 취약점을 가지고 있었고, 제어시스템에 대한 사이버 위협 요소도 크게 증가하고 있다. 정보통신 기술의 발전과 개방형 망이 갖는 장점을 취하기 위하여 DNP3 프로토콜은 TCP/IP 네트워크를 지원하게 되었고, TCP/IP 네트워크가 가지고 있는 기존의 보안 취약점(Vulnerability)이 전력 제어시스템 및 통신망에 그대로 이전되고 있어 중앙제어장치와 현장운영장치 간에 DNP3 표준에서 제시한 사항 외에 추가적인 보안 메커니즘이 요구된다. 본 논문에서는 SCADA 시스템이 보안성을 갖고 안전하게 운용되기 위한 IEEE DNP3 표준과 ISO/IEC TC57 WG15에서 권고하고 있는 IEC 62351 표준의 인증 및 암호화 메커니즘을 소개한다.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제8권5호
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• pp.1020-1025
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• 2007

전력시스템을 안정적이고 경제적으로 운영하기 위하여 EMS(energy management system)와 SCADA(supervisory control and data acquisition) 시스템이 사용되고 있다. EMS 내의 조류계산, 상정고장해석, 안전도해석과 같은 다양한 기능들의 신뢰성을 높이기 위해서는 정확한 데이터의 확보가 필수적이다. EMS 내에서 상태추정이 이와 같은 역할을 수행할 수 있으며, 본 논문에서는 정확한 상태추정을 위한 가관측성 해석 및 불량데이터 처리 프로그램을 개발하였다. 기본적인 알고리즘을 설명하고 사례연구를 통해 제안된 기법의 타당성을 검증하였다.

• Journal of Electrical Engineering and Technology
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• 제12권2호
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• pp.689-700
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• 2017

This paper presents an effective approach for wind turbine (WT) condition assessment based on the data collected from wind farm supervisory control and data acquisition (SCADA) system. Three types of assessment indices are determined based on the monitoring parameters obtained from the SCADA system. Neural Networks (NNs) are used to establish prediction models for the assessment indices that are dependent on environmental conditions such as ambient temperature and wind speed. An abnormal level index (ALI) is defined to quantify the abnormal level of the proposed indices. Prediction errors of the prediction models follow a normal distribution. Thus, the ALIs can be calculated based on the probability density function of normal distribution. For other assessment indices, the ALIs are calculated by the nonparametric estimation based cumulative probability density function. A Back-Propagation NN (BPNN) algorithm is used for the overall WT condition assessment. The inputs to the BPNN are the ALIs of the proposed indices. The network structure and the number of nodes in the hidden layer are carefully chosen when the BPNN model is being trained. The condition assessment method has been used for real 1.5 MW WTs with doubly fed induction generators. Results show that the proposed assessment method could effectively predict the change of operating conditions prior to fault occurrences and provide early alarming of the developing faults of WTs.

• International Journal of Internet, Broadcasting and Communication
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• 제8권1호
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• pp.64-68
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• 2016

These fields are integrated to visualize and finalize the proposed development, in simulation environment. SCADA (supervisory control and data acquisition) systems and distributed control systems (DCSs) are widely deployed in all over the world, which are designed to control the industrial infrastructures, in real ways. To supervise and control the various parts of designed systems; trends to require a deep knowledge to understand the overall functional needs of industries, which could be a big challenge. Industrial field devices (or network sensors) are usually distributed in many locations and are controlled from centralized site (or main control center); the communication provides various signs of security issues. To handle these issues, the research contribution will twofold: a method using cryptography is deployed in critical systems for security purposes and overall transmission is controlled from main controller site. At controller site, multimedia components are employed to control the overall transmission graphically, such as system communication, bytes flows, security embedded parameters and others, by the means of multimedia technology.

• 정보보호학회지
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• 제24권5호
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• pp.59-65
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• 2014

산업제어시스템과 SCADA(Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition) 제어 시스템들이 기존의 고립적이고 폐쇄적인 시스템에서 점차 개방적이고 표준화된 시스템으로 전환되고 있으며, IT 망과의 통합이 이루어지고 있다. 따라서 주요 국가정보 인프라에 대한 사이버 위협 및 공격에 대한 우려가 증대되고 있다. 산업제어시스템의 정보보호 기술은 일반적인 IT 정보보호 기술과는 특성상 여러 가지 차이점이 존재한다. 국내에서의 산업제어시스템 정보보호 기술에 대한 연구는 아직 미약한 수준이다. 본 논문에서는 국가 주요 정보하부구조를 구성하고 있는 산업제어시스템 중에서 사물인터넷(IoT) 기반 스마트 그리드 시스템의 보안 특성에 대하여 분석하고 보안 쟁점 및 고려사항을 제시하고자 한다.