• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제31권6호
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• pp.1078-1083
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• 2002

키토산을 응고제로 사용하여 상업 적 조건에서 제조한 두부와 일반 두부 및 키토산 분말을 고지질 급여 흰쥐 에6주간 급여한 후 혈청 지질대사에 미치는 영향을 조사하였다. 그 결과, 흰쥐의 식이 섭취량은 정상 식이군(N)에 비해 모두낮았으며, 키토산 두부 첨가군(CSC)과 키토산 분말 첨가군(CP)의 식이섭취량이 특히 낮았다. 체중 증가량은 고지질 식이군(HF)에 비해 CSC군, 일반 두부 첨가군(SC) 그리고 CP군들은 모두 유의적으로 낮았으며, 특히 CP군이 가장 낮은 체중증가를 나타내었다. 혈청중의 총 콜레스테롤 농도는 전 실험군간에 유의적인 차이는 없었으나, HDL-콜레스테롤 함량에서는 CSC, SC, CP군 모두 HF군에 비하여 높게 나타났다 따라서 총 콜레스테롤중 HDL-콜레스테롤이 차지하는 비율은 CSC, SC, CP군이 HF군에 비하여 높고 동맥경화지수는 반대로 낮게 나타났다. LDL-콜레스테롤 농도는 HF군에 비해 CSC, SC, CP 실험 군에서 유의적으로 낮게 나타났다. 총 지질 함량에서는 HF군에 비하여 SC와 CP군에서 유의적으로 감소하였다. 고지질 식이에 의해 증가한 중성지질 및 감소한 인지질 함량은 CSC, SC, CP군에서 유의적으로 회복되었다. 본 실험 에서는 HF군에 비해 CP군 뿐 아니라 CSC, SC군에서 HDL-콜레스테롤 및 인지질 농도의 증가, 중성지질 및 LDL-콜레스테롤 농도의 감소가 관찰됨으로써 상업용 키토산 두부가 고지질 관련 성인병 예방 및 치료에 효과가 있을 것으로 사료되었다. 그러나 현 실험조건하에서는 일반두부와 키토산 두부간에 효능에서 유의적인 차이를 발견하긴 어려웠다.

• 대한전자공학회논문지TC
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• 제42권12호
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• pp.77-84
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• 2005

OFDM(Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing) 및 SC-CP(Single Carrier with Cyclic Prefix) 방식은 문선 분야에서 각기 각광받고 있으며, 두 방식 모두 주파수 영역에서 효율적인 등화를 수행할 수 있는 장점을 지니고 있다. 무선 채널의 도플러 쉬프트 현상이 수반되는 경우 등화기만으로 온전히 왜곡 보상이 여의치 않을 수 있으며, 이에 따라 위상에러 추적회로와 등화기를 연동시켜 성능 향상을 도모할 수 있다. 본 논문에서는 평균위상에러의 효과를 기술하였고, 결정지향 방식의 평균위상 에러 추적회로와 proportional 등화기를 연동한 성능을 설계하였다. 아울러 시뮬레이션 결과를 통해 시스템의 성능 저하를 최소화하면서 추적회로의 연산 부담을 줄일 수 있음을 제시하였다.

• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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• 제64권4호
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• pp.782-791
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• 2022

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the effects of multiple cooling systems and different drinking water temperatures (DWT) on the performance of sows and their hair cortisol levels during heat stress. In this study, the effect of four different cooling systems: air conditioner (AC), cooling pad (CP), snout cooling (SC), and mist spray (MS), and two DWT, namely low water temperature (LWT) and high water temperature (HWT) on 48 multiparous sows (Landrace × Yorkshire; 242.84 ± 2.89 kg) was tested. The experiment is based on the use of eight replicas during a 21-days test. Different behaviors were recorded under different cooling treatments in sows. As a result, behaviors such as drinking, standing, and position change were found to be lower in sows under the AC and CP treatments than in those under the SC and MS treatments. Lying behavior increased under the AC and CP systems as compared with that under the SC and MS, systems. The average daily feed intake (ADFI) in sows and weight at weaning in piglets was higher under the AC, CP, and LWT treatments than under the SC, MS and HWT treatments. Sows subjected to SC and MS treatment showed higher hair cortisol levels, rectal temperature, and respiratory rate during lactation than those under AC and CP treatments. Hair cortisol levels, rectal temperature, and respiratory rate were also higher under the HWT than under the LWT treatment. As per the results of this study, the LWT has no significant effect on any of the behavioral factors. Taken together, the use of AC and CP cooling treatment is highly recommended to improve the behavior and to reduce the stress levels in lactating sows.

• 한국음향학회지
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• 제26권6호
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• pp.227-234
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• 2007

본 논문은 CP(Cyclic Prefix)를 사용한 SC-FDE(Single Carrier with Frequency Domain Equalization) 기반의 전송 방식에 대해 기술하였다. SC-FBE 방식은 OFDM(Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing)과 기능 구성이 유사하며, OFDM과 유사하게 주파수 영역에서 블록 단위로 효율적인 등화 수행이 가능하다. 특별히 단일 반송파 방식은 OFDM에 비해 비선형 왜곡에 상대적으로 덜 민감한 장점을 가지고 있다. 본 논문에서는 결정 지향 방식의 SC-FDE 수신부를 설계하고, 시뮬레이션을 통해 성능 결과를 제시하였다.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제16권11호
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• pp.7456-7462
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• 2015

본 논문에서는 중계기를 통해 다중 경로가 확보된 음영 지역에서 주파수 공간 블록 부호를 적용한 주파수 효율적인 SC-FDMA(Single Carrier-Frequency Division Multiple Access) 전송 시스템을 제안한다. 본 논문에서 제안된 시스템은 주기적 프리픽스 사용에 따른 주파수 효율 감소를 방지하기 위하여 주기적 프리픽스를 사용하지 않는다. 주기적 프리픽스를 사용하지 않음에 따라 훼손되는 채널 주기성을 중계기와 수신국의 수신기에서 복원함으로써, 주기적 프리픽스를 사용하지 않는 제안된 시스템의 성능이 충분한 주기적 프리픽스를 사용하는 기존 시스템의 성능과 거의 동일하여 시스템의 주파수 효율이 향상되는 것을 실험을 통해 확인할 수 있다.

• 한국식물병리학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국식물병리학회 2003년도 정기총회 및 추계학술발표회
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• pp.75.2-75
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• 2003

To develop an effective protection strategy against tomato bushy stunt virus (TBSV), tobacco plants expressing single-chain Fv antibodies (scFv), were established. A previous had shown that the replication activity of viral replicase was inhibited by the selected scFvs. Moreover, no systemic symptom was found after virus inoculation on leaves of wt N. benthamiana infiltrated with an Agrobacterium suspension resulting i3l expression of the scFvs. However, control plants showed systemic symptoms. In this study the localization of the scFvs within two transgenic plant lines, (CP28H3, CP-P55) was demonstrated using immunogold labelling. The gold particles, indicating the presence of scFv, were mostly found In the cytoplasm of the plant cells including chloroplasts and in the cell walls. However, they were hardly found in the vacuole, nucleoplasm and intercellular spaces. Gold particles often accumulated in either the cytosol or chloroplasts showing a specific labeling, There was no difference in type of gold labeling between both transgenic lines. The localization of the scFv in the cytoplasm further conforms the inhibition of the RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp) by the selected scFv because it is known that the RdRp is localized to membraneous cytosolic structures.

• 한국위성정보통신학회논문지
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• 제5권1호
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• pp.6-16
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• 2010

Since OFDM system suffers from high peak-to average power ratio(PAPR) drawbacks, more energy has been converted to seek for a new substitutable system which can maintain OFDM system's inherent virtues while avoid its defects. Consequently, a new multicarrier system called as CI/OFDM system has been proposed which applied carrier interferometry(CI) code to OFDM system. Due to its low PAPR advantage and orthogonal property, it has received more and more attention. Simultaneously, an old technique called single carrier(SC) system has retaken its attractions for the same purposes. This paper analyzes two cyclic prefixed transmission schemes variants of OFDM system: 1.carrier interferometry-Orthogonal Frequency-Division Multiplexing (CI/OFDM); 2. Cyclic prefixed single carrie(CP-SC) with frequency domain equalization. We compare the achievable bit rate transmission of the two systems in terms of signal to noise ratio(SNR) by mathematical derivation. We demonstrated that CI/OFDM achieves a bit higher transmission bit rate to that of the CP-SC with frequency domain equalizer.

• ETRI Journal
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• 제40권3호
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• pp.309-317
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• 2018

Single carrier-frequency-division multiple access (SC-FDMA) has been adopted as the uplink transmission standard in fourth-generation cellular networks to facilitate power efficiency transmission in mobile stations. Because multiuser multiple-input multiple-output (MU-MIMO) is a promising technology employed to fully exploit the channel capacity in mobile radio networks, this study investigates the uplink transmission of MU-MIMO SC-FDMA systems with orthogonal space-frequency block codes (SFBCs). It is preferable to minimize the length of the cyclic prefix (CP). In this study, the chained turbo equalization technique with chained turbo estimation is employed in the designed receiver. Chained turbo estimation employs a short training sequence to improve the spectrum efficiency without compromising the estimation accuracy. In this paper, we propose a novel and spectrally efficient iterative joint-channel estimation, multiuser detection, and turbo equalization for an MU-MIMO SC-FDMA system without CP-insertion and with short TR. Some simulation examples are presented for the uplink scenario to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed scheme.

• 통합자연과학논문집
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• 제4권4호
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• pp.311-314
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• 2011

Application of self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) to the fabrication of organic thin film transistor has been recently reported very often since it can help to provide ohmic contact between films as well as to form simple and effective electrode pattern. Accordingly, quality of these ultra-thin films is becoming more imperative. In this study, in order to manufacture a high quality SAM pattern, a hydrophobic alkylsilane monolayer and a hydrophilic aminosilane monolayer were selectively coated on $SiO_2$ surface through the consecutive procedures of a micro-contact printing (${\mu}CP$) and dip-coating methods under extremely dry condition. On a SAM pattern cleaned with SC1 solution immediately after ${\mu}CP$, poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT) source and drain electrode array were very selectively and nicely vapour phase polymerized. On the other side, on a SC1-untreated SAM pattern, PEDOT array was very poorly polymerized. It strongly suggests that the SC1 cleaning process effectively removes unwanted contaminants on SAM pattern, thereby resulting in very selective growth of PEDOT electrode pattern.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제31권5호
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• pp.726-732
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• 2021

In this study, we evaluated the immune-enhancing activity of kimchi-derived Lactobacillus plantarum 200655 on immune suppression by cyclophosphamide (CP) in ICR mice. Animals were fed distilled water or 1×10⁹ colony-forming unit/kg B.W. 200655 or Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG as a positive control for 14 days. An in vivo model of immunosuppression was induced using CP 150 and 100 mg/kg B.W. at 7 and 10 days, respectively. Body weight, spleen index, spleen weight, and gene expression were measured to estimate the immune-enhancing effects. The dead 200655 (D-200655) group showed an increased spleen weight compared to the sham control (SC) group. Similarly, the spleen index was significantly higher than that in the CP-treated group. The live 200655 (L-200655) group showed an increased mRNA expression of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) and interleukin (IL)-6 in splenocytes. Also, the iNOS and COX-2 mRNA expression was upregulated in the L-200655 group compared to the CP-only (SC) group. The phosphorylation of ERK and MAPK was also upmodulated in the L-200655 group. These results indicate that L. plantarum 200655 ameliorated CP-induced immune suppression, suggesting that L. plantarum 200655 may have the potential to enhance the immune system.