• Title/Summary/Keyword: SB-31

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Potent Antitumor Activity of SB31 and Identification of Active Compound

  • Kim, Yong;Kim, Song-Bae;Bang, Seong-Cheol;Ahn, Byung-Zun
    • Proceedings of the PSK Conference
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    • 2002.10a
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    • pp.233.3-234
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    • 2002
  • SB31, an extract of Pulsatilla koreana, has been tried as an antitumor agent by traditional medicine pratitioner in Korea for the past 30 years, SB31 was evaluated for cytotoxic and antitumor activity against a variety of cancer cell lines. The SB31 exhibited 5-6 fold less cytotoxic activity against normal mononuclear cells (ED$\sub$50/. 1.1 mg/$m\ell$) than against cancer cell lines (ED$\sub$50/ 0.14-0.19mg/$m\ell$). (omitted)

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General Pharmacology of SB-31$\circledR$ (SB-31$\circledR$의 일반약리작용)

  • 박우규;천혜경;권경자;윤여생;신화섭;공재양
    • Biomolecules & Therapeutics
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    • v.5 no.4
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    • pp.369-375
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    • 1997
  • General pharmacological effects of SB-31$^{R}$, the extracts of Pulsatilla koreana, were investigated in mice, rats and guinea-pigs. Intravenous injection of SB-31 (3 and 6 ml/kg) produced almost no effect on central nervous system no effects on the general symptom and behaviors of mice, spontaneous locomotor activity, pentobarbital- induced sleeping time , rotared performance , electroshock and pentylenetertrazole -induced seizures, acetic acid-induced writhing and normal body temperature in mice. SB-31 showed little effects on the spontaneous movement of the isolated ileum and contraction induced by agonists in isolated ileum, suggesting no influence on autonomic nervous system. Administration of SB-31 also did not show any effect on blood pressure in conscious rats. However, a slight decrease in heart rate was observed at high doses (6 and 10 ml/kg) of SB-31 in conscious rats. Similarly, a slight increase in respiratory rate was observed at 6 m1/kg of SB-31 in anesthetized rats. SB-31 did not produce any effect at the dose of 3 ml/kg, but showed a tendency to increase the urinary volume at 6 ml/kg, and produced a decrease in urinary excretions of N $a_{+}$and $K_{+}$at 6 ml/kg. However, transport capacity within the gastrointestinal tract and the secretion of the gastric juice were not influenced by 6 ml/kg of SB-31. In conclusion, these results suggest that SB-31 did not pro-duce any acute effects on the central nervous system, autonomic nervous system, respiratory and circulatory systems, digestive system and kidney function at the dose of below 3 ml/kg.ml/kg.

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Induction of Apoptosis and Single Strand Breaks by Extract of Pulsatilla Koreana (SB-31).

  • Kim, Sam-Yong;Kim, Hyun-Soo;Park, Sang-Jun;Kim, Jong-Suk;Park, Jee-Young;Yoon, Whan-Joong;Yoon, So-Hyun;Jo, Deog-Yeon
    • Proceedings of the Korean Society of Applied Pharmacology
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    • 1996.04a
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    • pp.174-174
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    • 1996
  • Extract of Pulsatilla Koreana (SB-31) showed promising antitumor activity in vitro (J. Kor Cancer Asso 26:959-963, 1994). We studied the mechanism of cytotoxicity of SB-31. HL-60 cells were cocultivated with various concentrations of SB-31 for 5 hours. The DNAs from HL-60 cells exposed to SB-31 showed the ladder pattern typical of apoptosis. Effect of SB-31 on topoisomerase I activity was determined by slight modification of the method by E. Aflalo(1994). The pBR322 DNA showed dose-dependent increase of R-Form DNA upon incubation with SB-31. The topoisomerase Ⅰ-like activity (Increase of R-Form DNA) was accentuated with higher dose of SB-31. It is postulated that SB-31, which is a fermentation product of Pulsatilla koreana and which loses its activity when kept in ambient temperature for more than 96 hours, may contain topoisomerase Ⅰ-like activity and the enhanced excessive single strand breaks induced by 55-31 may result in apoptosis.

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Pharmacokinetics of Anticancer Agent SB-31 in Rats & Rabbits and the Cardiovascular Effect on the Isolated Perfused Rat Heart & Blood Coagulation (SB-31의 Glycyrrhizin을 지표로 한 Rat과 Rabbit에서의 약물동태 및 심혈관계에 대한 효과 연구)

  • Kang, Won Ku;Park, Yong Soon;Lee, Dong Heum;Kwon, Kwang Il
    • Korean Journal of Clinical Pharmacy
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    • v.8 no.2
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    • pp.122-132
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    • 1998
  • SB-31 which contains Pursatilla, Licoris and Ginseng extracts was recently proved as an anticancer agent. In a preclinical effort to be applied this drug to human, pharmacokinetics of SB-31 was carried out in rats and rabbits. Glycyrrhizin(GZ), a saponin of Licoris was used as a standard ingradient for the pharmacokinetics of SB-31. The rat's blood, bile and urine samples were serially collected in femoral vein, common bile duct and bladder, respectively, after bolus i.v. injection at a dose of 1 or 1/5 ampul/rat and rabbit's blood samples from the marginal ear vein at a dose of 1 or 3 amp./rabbit. GZ and glycyrrhetic acid(GA), a major metabolite of GZ in the physiological samples were analysed by HPLC with UV detection. The decline of GZ in plasma concentration was generally biexponential at each dose. GZ was almost completely recovered in bile within 18 hour. GA wasn't detected in the samples with UV detector. In the rat, Vss and Kel at a dose of 1 and 1/5 ampul of SB-31 were $98.06\pm6.07\;ml,\;0.33\pm0.05\;hr^{-1}\;and\;65.46\pm11.19\;ml,\;0.68\pm0.25\;hr^{-1}$, respectively. Those in rabbits at a dose of 3 and 1 ampul of SB-31 were $235.24\pm30.72\;ml,\;0.13\pm0.36\;hr^{-1}\;and\;341.32\pm28.58\;ml,\;0.27\pm0.04\;hr^{-1}$, respectively. 'WinNonlin' was utilized for the compartmental analysis. A two-compartment model was chosen as the most appropriate pbarmaco-kinetic model. The data were best described by using a weighting factor of $1/y^2$. To evaluate the effect of SB-31 on cardiovascular system, serially diluted SB-31 was directly injected into coronary artery in the isolated perfused rat heart and the effect of PSF, PSH, saponins of Pursatilla, and SB-31 on PT, APTT of healthy human plasma was examined. Except the positive inotropic effect of ten times diluted solution of SB-31, there was no significant effect on LVDP, (- dp/dt)/(+dp/dt), heart rate and coronary flow in comparision with that of vehicle. SB-31 had no effect on PT but slightly delayed APTT about $6.9{\sim}11.5\%$. There was no significant effect of PSF and PSH on PT & APTT. Conclusively, SB-31 did not show any notable toxic effects on cardiovascular system.

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Effect of Sb on the Creep Behavior of AZ31 Alloy (AZ31합금의 크립특성에 미치는 Sb의 영향)

  • Son, Geun-Yong;TiAn, Su-Gui;Kim, Gyeong-Hyeon
    • 연구논문집
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    • s.33
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    • pp.137-145
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    • 2003
  • The effects of antimony addition on the microstructures and creep behavior of AZ31 magnesium alloy have been investigated. Constant load creep tests were carried out at temperatures ranging from $150^{\circ}C$ to $200^{\circ}C$, and an initial stress of 50MPa for AZ31 alloys containing antimony up to 0.84% by weight. Results show that small additions of antimony to AZ31 effectively decreased the creep extension and steady state creep rates. The steady state creep rate of AZ31 was reduced 2.5 times by the addition of 0.84% of antimony. The steady state creep rate of AZ31-0.84Sb alloy was controlled by dislocation climb in which the activation energy for creep was 128 kJ/mole. The microstructure of as-cast AZ31-0.84%Sb alloy showed the presence of $Mg_3Sb_2$ precipitates dispersed throughout the matrix. The main reason for the higher creep resistance in AZ31-Sb alloys is due to the presence $Mg_3Sb_2$, which effectively hindered the movement of dislocations during the elevated temperature creep.

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Phase Equilibria of the System Pd-Sb-Te and Its Geological Implications (팔라듐-안티몬-테루르 계(系)의 상평형(相平衡)과 지질학적(地質學的) 의의(意義))

  • Kim, Won-Sa;Chao, George Y.
    • Economic and Environmental Geology
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    • v.26 no.3
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    • pp.327-335
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    • 1993
  • Phase relations in the system Pd-Sb-Te were investigated at $1000^{\circ}$, $800^{\circ}$, and $600^{\circ}C$, using the sealed-capsule technique; the quenched products were studied by reflected light microscopy, X-ray diffraction, and electron microprobe analysis. At $1000^{\circ}C$, the solid phases Pd, $Pd_{20}Sb_7$, $Pd_8Sb_3$, $Pd_{31}Sb_{12}$, and $Pd_5Sb_2$ are stable with a liquid phase that occupies most of the isothermal diagram. Additional solid phases at $800^{\circ}C$ are $Pd_5Sb_3$, PdSb, $Pd_8Te_3$, $Pd_7Te_3$, and a continuous $Pd_{20}Te_7-Pd_{20}Sb_7$ solid solution becomes stable. At $600^{\circ}$, $PdSb_2$, $Pd_{17}Te_4$, $Pd_9Te_4$, PdTe, $PdTe_2$, $Sb_2Te_3$, and Sb and continuous PdSb-PdTe and $PdTe-PdTe_2$ solid solutions are stable. All the solid phases exhibit solid solution, mainly by substitution between Sb and Te to an extent that varies with temperature of formation. The maximum substitution (at.%) of Te for Sb in the Pd-Sb phases is: 44.3 in $Pd_8Sb_3$, 52.0 in $Pd_{31}Sb_{12}$, 46.2 in $Pd_5Sb_2$ at $800^{\circ}C$; 15.3 in $Pd_5Sb_3$, 68.3 in $PdSb_2$ at $600^{\circ}C$. The maximum substitution (at.%) of Sb for Te in the Pd-Te phases is 34.5 in $Pd_5Sb_3$ at $800^{\circ}C$, and 41.6 in $Pd_7Te_3$, 5.2 in $Pd_{17}T_4$, 12.4 in $Pd_9Te_4$, and 19.1 in $PdTe_2$ at $600^{\circ}C$. Physical properties and X-ray data of the synthetic $Pd_9Te_4$, PdTe, $PdTe_2$, $Pd_8Sb_3$, PdSb, and $Sb_2Te_3$ correspond very well with those of telluropalladinite, kotulskite, merenskyite, mertieite II, sudburyite, and tellurantimony, respectively. Because X-ray powder diffraction data consistently reveal a 310 peak ($2.035{\AA}$), the $PdSb_2$ phase is most probably of cubic structure with space group $P2_13$. The X-ray powder pattern of a phase with PdSbTe composition, synthesized at $600^{\circ}C$, compares well with that of testibipalladite. Therefore, testibiopalladite may be a member of the $PdSb_2-Pd(Sb_{0.32}Te_{0.68})$ solid solution series which is cubic and $P2_13$ in symmetry. Thus the ideal fonnula for testibiopalladite, presently PdSbTe, must be revised to PdTe(Sb, Te). Borovskite($pd_3SbTe_4$) has not been found in the synthetic system in the temperature range $1000^{\circ}-600^{\circ}C$.

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Phases and Phase Relations of the System Pd-Sb (팔래듐-안티모니계의 화합물 및 상평형 연구)

  • 김원사
    • Journal of the Mineralogical Society of Korea
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    • v.8 no.1
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    • pp.13-22
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    • 1995
  • Phase relations of the Pd-Sb system were investigated using the sealed-capsule technique; the quenched run products were studied by reflected light microscopy, X-ray diffraction, and electron microprobe analysis. Eight binary phases were confirmed to exist in the system: Pd20Sb7, Pd31Sb12, Pd8Sb3 (mertieite II), Pd5Sb2, Pd2Sb, Pd5Sb3, PdSb (sudburyite), and PdSb2, (unnamed PdSb2), The X-ray powder diffraction data of all the phases, except for Pd5Sb3, however, may be indexable on an orthorhombic cell, space group Cmc2, with a=3.362(1), b=17.484(7), c=6.934(2)$\AA$. Some physical properties as well as re-determined cell parameters are newly established. A revised phase relations of the Pd-Sb system are presented.

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A Simple and Quick Chemical Synthesis of Nanostructured Bi2Te3, Sb2Te3, and BixSb2-xTe3

  • Kim, Hee-Jin;Lee, Ki-Jung;Kim, Sung-Jin;Han, Mi-Kyung
    • Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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    • v.31 no.5
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    • pp.1123-1127
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    • 2010
  • We report a simple and quick route for the preparation of high-quality, nearly monodisperse $Bi_2Te_3$, $Sb_2Te_3$, and $Bi_xSb_{2-x}-Te_3$ nanocrystallites. The reactions of bismuth acetate or antimony acetate with Te in oleic acid result in pure phase of $Bi_2Te_3$ or $Sb_2Te_3$ nanoparticles, respectively. Also, ternary $Bi_xSb_{2-x}Te_3$ nanoparticles were successfully synthesized using the same method. The size and morphology of the nanoparticles were controlled by varying the stabilizing agents. The as-prepared nanoparticles are characterized by X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscope, and high-resolution transmission electron microscope using an energy dispersive spectroscopy.

Electrical Properties of Zinc Oxide Varistor with $\alpha-Zn_7Sb_2O_{12}$ ($\alpha-Zn_7Sb_2O_{12}$ 첨가에 의한 Zinc Oxide 바리스터의 전기적 특성)

  • 김경남;한상목
    • Journal of the Korean Ceramic Society
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    • v.31 no.11
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    • pp.1396-1400
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    • 1994
  • Electrical properties in the ZnO-Bi2O3-CoO-Zn7Sb2O12 system were investigated with Zn7Sb2O12 content (0.1~2 mol%). The increase of the Zn7Sb2O12 content inhibited the grain growth of ZnO, which showed a narrow grain size distribution of ZnO. The breakdown voltage (Vb) increased markedly with 1 mol% Zn7Sb2O12 addition due to the grain growth control behaviour of the Zn7Sb2O12 . The nonlinear I-V characteristic was significantly influenced by the Zn7Sb2O12 content (or Bi2O3/Zn7Sb2O12 ratio). Addition of 0.5 mol% Zn7Sb2O12 showed the highest nonlinear coefficient ($\alpha$) of 43. The leakage current in prebreakdown region was decreased with increasing Zn7Sb2O12 content.

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