• BMB Reports
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• v.44 no.9
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• pp.584-589
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• 2011

The mammalian ste20-like kinase (MST) pathway is important in the regulation of apoptosis and cell cycle and emerges as a novel tumor suppressor pathway. MST-induced phosphorylation of Salvador homolog 1 (SAV1), which is a scaffold protein, has not been evaluated in detail. We performed a mass spectrometric analysis of the SAV1 protein that was co-expressed with MST2. Phosphorylation was detected at Thr-26, Ser-27, Ser-36 and Ser-269. Although single or double mutations had little effects, the mutation of all four residues in SAV1 to Ala (SAV1-4A) had inhibitory effects on the MST pathway. MST2-mediated induction of SAV1-4A protein levels, SAV1-4A interaction with MST2 and the self-dimerization of SAV1-4A were weaker compared to those of wild-type SAV1. SAV1-4A inhibited MST2- and K-RasG12V-induced cell death of MCF7 cells. These results suggest that MST-mediated phosphorylation of four residues within SAV1 may be important in the induction of cell death by the MST pathway.

• Journal of fish pathology
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• v.31 no.2
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• pp.57-70
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• 2018

Infection with salmonid alphavirus (SAV) is a serious disease that mainly affects rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) and Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L.) reared in seawater or freshwater. SAV is prevalent in European countries including Norway that exports rainbow trout and Atlantic salmon to Korea. Consequently, SAV was listed as a disease notifiable to the OIE and many salmonid-producing countries either designate SAV as their notifiable disease or do research on the development of diagnosis and epidemiology to reduce the possibility of SAV infection. Unlike other salmonid-producing countries, SAV is not listed as a notifiable disease in Korea, thereby arousing concern that SAV will get into the country through the importation of live salmonids. Under the circumstance, Korea needs to have a legal basis to take much stricter follow-up measures, including listing SAV as a notifiable disease, establishing surveillance system based on OIE standards to declare Korea free from SAV, killing infected fish and conducting fallow system against affected farms.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.136-139
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• 2009

Avermectin and its analogs are major commercial antiparasitic agents in the fields of animal health, agriculture, and human infections. Previously, comparative transcriptome analysis between the low-producer S. avermitilis ATCC31267 and the high-producer S. avermitilis ATCC31780 using a S. avermitilis whole genome chip revealed that 50 genes were overexpressed at least two-fold higher in S. avermitilis ATCC31780. To verify the biological significance of some of the transcriptomics-guided targets, five putative regulatory genes were individually cloned under the strong-and-constitutive promoter of the Streptomyces expression vector pSE34, followed by the transformation into the low-producer S. avermitilis ATCC31267. Among the putative genes tested, three regulatory genes including SAV213, SAV3818, and SAV4023 exhibited stimulatory effects on avermectin production in S. avermitilis ATCC31267. Moreover, overexpression of SAV3818 also stimulated actinorhodin production in both S. coelicolor M145 and S. lividans TK21, implying that the SAV3818, a putative TetR-family transcriptional regulator, could be a global upregulator acting in antibiotic production in Streptomyces species.

• Explosives and Blasting
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.31-43
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• 2007

In most tunnel constructions in South Korea, blasting has been widely used as an excavation method. In tunnel blasting, the center-cut to induce first free surface is very important for enhancing excavation efficiency and reducing vibration caused by exploding. This paper introduces new center-cut method named SAV-cut (Stage Advance V-cut) developed on the concept of V-cut. Significant features of SAV-cut are the center hole and stepwise ignition. Many field tests and numerical analysis were carried out to analyze the mechanical behavior and blasting vibration. From the results, the newly developed SAV-cut was proved as an effective center-cut method for both increasing blasting efficiency and decreasing blasting vibration.

• Journal of the Korean Magnetic Resonance Society
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.54-58
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• 2013

SAV0506 is an 87 residue hypothetical protein from Staphylococcus aureus strain Mu50 and also predicted to have similar function to ribosome associated heat shock protein, Hsp 15. Hsp15 is thought to be involved in the repair mechanism of erroneously produced 50S ribosome subunit. In this report, we present the sequence specific backbone resonance assignment of SAV0506. About 82.5% of all resonances could be assigned unambiguously. By analyzing deviations of the $C{\alpha}$ and $C{\beta}$ chemical shift values, we could predict the secondary structure of SAV0506. This study is an essential step towards the structural characterization of SAV0506.

• Journal of the Korean Magnetic Resonance Society
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.162-171
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• 2012

SAV2228 has an OB (Oligomer-Binding)-motif which is frequently used for nucleic acid recognition. To characterize the activity of translation initiation factor-1 (IF-1) from Staphylococcus aureus, SAV2228 was expressed and purified in Escherichia coli. We acquired 3D NMR spectra showing well dispersed and homogeneous signals which allow us to assign 94.4% of all $^1HN$, $^{15}N$, $^{13}C{\alpha}$, $^{13}C{\beta}$ and $^{13}CO$ resonances. We could predict a secondary structure of SAV2228 using TALOS and CSI from NMR data. SAV2228 was consisted of one ${\alpha}$-helix and five ${\beta}$-sheets. The predicted secondary structure, ${\beta}-{\beta}-{\beta}-{\alpha}-{\beta}-{\beta}$, was similar to other bacterial IF-1, but it was not completely same to the eukaryotic one. Assigned NMR peaks and secondary structre prediction can be used for the study on interaction with nucleic acid in the future.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• v.26 no.2
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• pp.247-256
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• 1994

The nuclide chain model used in SAV90 has been modified for the CASMO3/MEDIUM3 procedure. Since the default nuclide chain in SAV90, using 21 nuclides, is not sufficient to reproduce the CASMO3 results in the MEDIUM3 calculation, the extended nuclide chain models have been investigated and verified with various types of fuel assemblies. Among the extended nuclide chain models proposed, the 22 nuclide chain model, which contains only Pu238 additionally to the 21 nuclide chain, is recommended in terms of both accuracy and computing efficiency. Using this model core follow calculations for YGN-1 have been performed. The results showed good performance when compared to plant measurements.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• v.53 no.10
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• pp.3398-3405
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• 2021

This study observed the effect of neutron irradiation and ageing on the microstructure, hardness, and corrosion resistance of SAV-1 (Al-Mg-Si) alloy. The investigated material was irradiated with neutrons to fluences of 10²¹-10²⁶ n/m² in the WWR-K research reactor and kept in dry storage. Long-term irradiation led to an increase in hardness of the alloy and a deterioration of pitting corrosion resistance. Post-irradiation ageing for 1 h at 100-300 ℃ resulted in a decrease in microhardness of the irradiated SAV-1. The effect of post-irradiation ageing on pitting corrosion was made clear through the formation of Guinier-Preston zones and secondary precipitates in the Al matrix. Ageing at 250 ℃ corresponded to the development of stable microstructure and the highest corrosion resistance for the irradiated samples. Mg₂Si, Si, and needle-shaped β" precipitates were formed in SAV-1 alloy that was irradiated with low fluences. β" and clusters of rod-shaped B-type precipitates were observed in highly irradiated samples. The precipitates were similar to those seen in non-irradiated pseudo-binary Al-Mg₂Si alloys with Si excess.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.29 no.3
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• pp.500-505
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• 2019

Staphylococcus aureus is a round-shaped, gram-positive bacterium that can cause numerous infectious diseases ranging from mild infections such as skin infections and food poisoning to life-threatening infections such as sepsis, endocarditis and toxic shock syndrome. Various antibiotic-resistant strains of S. aureus have frequently emerged, threatening human lives significantly. Despite much research on the genetics of S. aureus, many of its genes remain unknown functionally and structurally. To counteract its toxins and to prevent the antibiotic resistance of S. aureus, our understanding of S. aureus should be increased at the proteomic scale. SAV0927 was first sequenced in an antibiotic resistant S. aureus strain. The gene is a conserved hypothetical protein, and its homologues appear to be restricted to Firmicutes. In this study, we determined the crystal structure of SAV0927 at $2.5{\AA}$ resolution. The protein was primarily dimeric both in solution and in the crystals. The asymmetric unit contained five dimers that are stacked linearly with ${\sim}80^{\circ}$ rotation by each dimer, and these interactions further continued in the crystal packing, resulting in a long linear polymer. The crystal structures, together with the network analysis, provide functional implications for the SAV0927-mediated protein network.

• Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.55 no.3
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• pp.328-337
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• 2022

This study investigated the removal performance of a foam fractionator under seawater conditions. The foam fractionator was tested using a 3×3×3 factorial design for operating conditions by combining different solids concentrations (SS; 1, 5, and 10 mg·L^-1), surface air velocities (SAV; 1.1, 1.5, and 2.1 cm·sec^-1), and hydraulic residence times (HRT; 1, 3, and 6 min) at 16℃. Performance parameters such as daily solids removal rate and efficiency were measured, and a multi-regression model equation was developed accordingly. The daily solids removal rate and removal efficiency varied with the experimental conditions and ranged from 0.14-2.33 g-solids·m^-3-air·day^-1 and 8.9-96.7 %, respectively. Overall, the daily solids removal rate increased with increasing SS and SAV and decreasing HRT, whereas the removal efficiency increased with increasing SAV and HRT and decreasing SS. The daily solids removal rate (g-solids·m^-3-air·day^-1) of the foam fractionator for SAV (cm·sec^-1), SS (mg·L^-1) and HRT (min) were described by the following multi-regression model: Daily solids removal rate [f(z)]=-0.118+0.422SAV+0.094HRT+0.141SS (r²=0.873).