• 미생물학회지
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• 제31권2호
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• pp.166-174
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• 1993

Streptomyces coelicolor (Muller) 의 세포에 $100 \mu$M 의 과산화수소를 1시간 동안 처리하여 과산화수소 스트레스중에 생성되는 단백질을 L-[$^{35}S$] methionine 을 이용하여 순간 표지하였다. 단백질을 추출하여 2차원 겔 전기영동으로 분석한 결과 지수 성장기의 세포가 가지는 총세포 단백질 중 약 100개의 단백질의 합성이 과산화수소에 의해 증가되는 것을 관찰하였다. 이들을 Pin(peroxide inducible) 단백질이라고 명명하고 과상화수소 처리 후 발현이 증가되는 시간에 따라 세 그룹으로 나누었다. 약 60 개의 Pin 단백질은 과산화수소 처리후 20분 이내에 발현이 증가하여 1시간동안 지속적으로 다량 합성되었다. 정체 성장기의 세포에서는 62개의 단백질의 합성이 과산화수소에 의해 증가되었으며, 이 중 21 개의 단백질은 지수성장기의 Pin 단백질과 일치하였다. 과산화수소에 대한 저항성이 증가한 세가지 돌연변이체의 단백질을 지수 성장기에서 추출하여 2 차원 겔 전기영동으로 분석한 결과, 각각의 경우 15, 17, 15개의 Pin 단백질을 야생형보다 항상적으로 다량합성하는 것을 관찰하였다. 이 pin 단백질 중 9개 (D74.7 a, E76.0c, E23.3, F50.7, F47.2a, F25.5, G39.6b, G24.0, H39.6a) 는 두가지 돌연변이체 모두에게 증가되었다. 따라서 이 단백질들은 S. coelicolor 가 과산화수소 스트레스에 대응하는데 있어 중요한 역할을 담당한다고 추정된다.

• 생명과학회지
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• 제22권3호
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• pp.324-331
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• 2012

본 연구는 2010년 1월부터 4월까지 제주도 제주시 해안가에 위치한 21곳의 용천수를 대상으로 하여 미생물학적 오염도를 조사하였다. 용천수의 이화학적 분석 및 수질환경기준에 포함되는 병원성 미생물외에 식중독 유발 및 인체에 유해한 식품병원성 미생물 중 총대장균군수, 분원성대장균, Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli O157:H7, Salmonella spp., Shigella spp., Vibrio parahaemolyticus를 조사하였다. 이화학적 검사 결과 용천수의 평균 수온 값은 $15.4{\pm}0.63^{\circ}C$를 나타냈으며, 염분농도의 평균값은 $1.6{\pm}3.01$‰, pH 조사결과 $7.86{\pm}0.43$로 전반적으로 pH 7~8 범위안의 조사결과를 얻었으며, 용존산소량(DO)은 조사결과 $6.06{\pm}1.86$ mg/l로 대부분의 지점에서 평균 6~7 mg/ml의 용존산소량을 보였다. 용천수의 미생물학적 검사 결과 전체 정점별로 총대장균군 범위는 <1.8->1,600 MPN/100 ml로 조사되었으며, 분변계대장균의 경우 <1.8->1,600 MPN/100 ml를 나타냈다. 분변계대장균수의 범위를 정점별 평균값을 살펴보면 용천수 정점 1번, 2번, 10번, 11번을 제외한 모든 정점에서 기하평균치가 14 MPN/100 ml 이상의 평균값을 나타냈으며, 그중 3번, 16번 정점에서 기하평균치값 100 MPN/100 ml 이상의 높은 값을 나타내었으며, 조사한 21곳의 용천수에서 E. coli O157:H7은 검출되지 않았다.

• Environmental Analysis Health and Toxicology
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• 제7권1_2호
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• pp.17-34
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• 1992

The object of this study is to investigate the toxicity of S-biol (d-allethron-d-transchrysanthemate) and the mode of action between other synthetic pyrethroid insecticides and S-biol in rats. Rats were treated daily with S-biol (25 mg/kg, 50 mg/kg, 100mg/kg) by oral administration for 5 weeks. The experimental results were summerized as follows: Biochemical parameters such as LDH and Glucose in serum were much more increased in control groups. No significant hematological change excepts for MCHC in rats treated with S-biol 100 mg/kg were observed in all groups compared to control groups. In animals treated with S-biol for 4∼5 weeks, the levels of cytochrome P-450 in the liver were significantly increased. In renal microsomal fractions, however, no significant changes of cytochrome P-450 contents were observed. The activitis of ATPase in groups treated with S-biol (50 mg/kg, 100 mg/kg) were decreased compared to those in other groups. TBA values and activities of glucose-6-phosphatase in the liver were increased a little in the groups treated with S-biol (100 mg/kg) for 5 weeks. The activities of cholinesterase in hepatic and serum were not significantly changed in all groups but slightly decreased in animals treated with high dose of S-biol (100 mg/kg). The activities of carboxylesterase in serum and in the liver were slightly increased but not significantly changed.

• Advances in Traditional Medicine
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• 제7권2호
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• pp.133-140
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• 2007

Anti-tumor activity of Euphorbia hirta (50 mg/kg and 100 mg/kg) has been evaluated against Ehrlich's ascites carcinoma (EAC) in Swiss albino mice. Intraperitoneal (i.p) administration of Euphorbia hirta was effective in reducing solid tumor mass development induced by EAC cells. It exhibited significant anti-tumor activity in mice, when used at the dose of 100 mg/kg/day i.p., for 14days. The administration of Euphorbia hirta (100 mg/kg/day i.p.) resulted in an increase (P<0.001) of the life span (59.9%) of ascites tumor bearing mice as compared to the control group. After 14 days, on developed tumor masses, Euphorbia hirta administration brought about significant reduction in tumor volume and it reverse the changes in the hematological parameters, responding to tumor inoculation. The results are indicative of the anti-tumor activity of Euphorbia hirta against EAC induced tumor in a dose dependent manner.

• 대한간호학회지
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• 제10권2호
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• pp.53-61
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• 1980

Hospital has a limited environment in which all different patients are accommodated and therefore it should always be maintained as clean as possible in all its aspects. However the habitation of cockroaches which may be frequently observed in hospital gives us a very unfavuoraqble impression. It may not b e difficult to presume that cocrkoaches carry various microganisms from ward to ward. This study was carried out from July to the end of August. 1979 with a total of 259 cockroaches captured from the three hospitals and general residences in Seoul. Investigation was made to see what kind o f organisms they were imbued with and the results obtained are summarized as follows. Totaly 1) The nine species of the microganisms were isolated from the captured cockroaches and the isolated rate was showed 96.6 ％. This organisms consisted of Aerobacter aerogenes（29.7% ). staphylocacci (22.4% ). gram negative bacilli（16.6％）. E. coli（10.4%), streptococci（9.7%). fugus（7.3), and yeast (0.4 ％). respectively. 2) The ratio of organism isolated from the cockroaches captured in each hospital appeared 98.6% in K hospital. 91.4% in P hospital and 100% in S hospital. respectively. 3) The total ratio of microganisms isolated from cockroaches captured in each ward of the hospitals was 96.9% and that by each ward was 96.0% in medical ward. 98.0% in surgical ward. 96.4% ill operating room. and 100% in infant care room. 4) The ratio of the microganisms isolated from the cockroaches captured in the kitchen of each hospital was 94.1% and that in the K and S hospitals was 100% and the P hospital. 83.3%. 5) The germ-carrying ratio of cockroaches captured from the jiving rooms and kitchens of general residences was 100%. 6) The staphylococci was isolated as 22.4% of 259 the corchrnahes and all of them belonged to negative coagulase. 7) Finaly. E. coli (10.4%) and Aevbarter aerogenes(29.7%) were isolted from the 259 cock-roaches. This was sugested that a great number of habitable cockroaches contacts directly with faces.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• 제24권6호
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• pp.29-36
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• 2007

Electroacupuncture(EA) is known to affect various autonomic functions such as blood pressure regulation, immune modulation and the improvement of disorders concerning autonomic functions. The aim of the present study was to establish whether EA has an immune-enhancing effect. ICR mice weighing 20 to 25g were divided into four groups: Group I(n=6), blank; Group II(n=6), control; Group III(Zusanli, n=6), low frequency-EA(10Hz of electrical stimulation), and Group IV(Zusanli, n=6), high frequency-EA (100Hz of electrical stimulation). For this study, we investigated expressions of spleen heat shock protein (HSP)70, HSP90 and secretions of cytokines. A Forced Swimming Test(FST) was performed as a model of activity test in mice. After three days of the FST, 10Hz EA($114.8{\pm}7.27s$) and 100Hz EA($147.5{\pm}1.29s$) immobility time significantly decreased compared with the control group($157.2{\pm}1.48s$). After seven days, 10Hz EA($124{\pm}1s$) and 100Hz EA($141{\pm}4.24s$) also significantly decreased immobility time compared with the control group($168{\pm}7.93s$). 10Hz EA and 100Hz EA increased the expression of HSP70 but did not change that of HSP90. 100Hz EA increased secretions of IL-6 and IL-12 compared with the control group however, 10Hz EA failed to change those of IL-6 and IL-12. The present results suggest that EA may be useful for down-regulated immune diseases.

• 한국임상수의학회지
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• 제7권2호
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• pp.489-495
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• 1990

The purpose of this study was to investigate the contamination rates of Keratinophilic fungi in soils In Chonju. From september to November 1986, 98 soil samples were collected at the school and children's play ground, dog barn, pig barn, cow barn, horse barn and fowl barn( total 33 sites ). The samples were collected at the different depths(0～2cm, 30cm, 50cm ) in each of the sites, respectively. Each sample was cultured at 25$^{\circ}C$ according to Modified hair baiting method by using horse mane hair as a bait. The results obtained were summerized as follows ; 1. Eighty one of the 98 soil samples were found to be positive for Keratinophilic fungi. 2. In the examination of keratinophilic fungi in 98 soil samples, the organisms isolated weie as follows; Microsporum gypseum 20, Trichophyton ajelloi 15, Chrysosporium tropicum 40, C. Keratinophilum 24, C. tuberculatum 6 and Chrysosporium spp. like organism 4 strains. 3. The positive rates of keratinophilic fungi in each of the depths were 87.9%(29/33) in surface layer, 90.9%(30/33) in middle layer and 68.8％(22/32) in deep layer. 4. The positive rates of Keratinophilic fungi in each of the sites were 100%(3/3) in horse barn 91.7％ (l1/12) in dog barn, 88.9%(16/18) in pig barn, 86.7%(13/15) in cow barn, 76.2%(16/21) in fowl barn and 75.9%(22/29) in school and children's play ground. 5. The isolation rates of M. gypseum, Pathogenic fungi for human and animals, were as follows ; 58.3％ in dog barn(surface layers 100％, middle layers 50％, deep layers 25％) and 16.7％ in pig barn(surface 33.3％, middle 16.7%, deep 0％). In the cow barn, the isolation rates were 13.3%(surface 40.0％, middle 0%, deep 0％) and 10% in horse barn(surface l00％, middle 100%, depp 100%). In the fowl barn, the isolation rates was 19.1%(surface 28.8%, middle 14.3%, deep 14.3%) and 3.5% in school and children's play ground(surface 0％, middle 0％, deep 11.1%).

• 신재생에너지
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• 제18권3호
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• pp.43-59
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• 2022

The green premium is the most important feature of Korea's RE100 system. Green premium has three characteristics. The first, the cost of implementation is lower than that of other means of implementation. The second, it is linked with the RPS system to keep the means of implementing the green premium low. Third, the funds raised by the green premium are used to supply renewable energy to compensate for the additionality that the green premium does not have. When the entire industrial sector's electricity consumption is converted to renewable energy, the implementation cost of the green premium is estimated to be 3,377.4 billion won, and the REC purchase is estimated to incur the implementation cost of 6,576.4 billion won, which is 3.5 trillion more than the green premium. It was analyzed that an additional implementation cost of KRW 100 million would occur. In addition, in the case of solar PPA, it was analyzed that additional implementation costs of KRW 13,375.7 billion to KRW 16,162.3 billion were incurred. It was estimated that the renewable energy that could be supplied to the green premium would at least be sufficient for companies exporting to the US and EU. In addition, it was analyzed that when the fund created as a green premium is used for renewable energy supply, about 30.7% of the renewable energy supply through PPA can be supplied. However, as ESG is emphasized, green premium can be criticized by green washing because there is no additionality. There is also a limit to responding to the EU's CBAM. Therefore, companies can use the green premium depending on the situation, but it is more advantageous to use PPA, etc. The government needs to sufficiently maintain the supply of renewable energy using the fund to maintain the green premium.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제44권7호
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• pp.983-992
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• 2015

본 연구에서는 새로이 개발한 마늘 가공품인 황마늘의 품질 특성과 물, 30, 50, 70 및 100% 에탄올 추출물의 항산화, 미백, 항당뇨 및 항염증 활성을 검증하였다. 황마늘은 생마늘에 비해 alliin 함량은 차이가 없었으나, S-allyl cysteine(SAC)의 함량이 월등히 높아 2.6 mg/g이었다. 용매별 추출물을 제조하였을 때 alliin과 SAC 함량은 추출용매 중의 에탄올 비율이 높아질수록 더 증가하였다. 총 페놀 및 플라보노이드 화합물의 함량도 동일한 경향으로 100% 에탄올 추출물에서 가장 많이 함유된 것으로 분석되었다. DPPH 및 ABTS 라디칼 소거 활성은 100% 에탄올 추출물에서 가장 높았는데, 10 mg/mL로 농도를 동일하게 하여 추출물 간의 활성을 비교할 때 0~70% 에탄올 추출물의 경우 시료 간의 유의차가 없었으나 100% 에탄올 추출물에서는 각각 93.45%와 91.46%로 가장 높았다. 미백 및 항당뇨 효과를 확인하고자 tyrosinase 저해 활성과 ${\alpha}$-glucosidase 저해 활성을 비교한 결과 추출용매에 따른 일정한 경향은 없었으며, 100% 에탄올 추출물의 활성이 각각 36.52%와 48.55%로 유의적으로 높았다. RAW 264.7 대식세포를 대상으로 항염증 효과를 확인한 결과 황마늘 추출물은 $100{\mu}g/mL$ 처리시 LPS에 의해 유도되는 염증 인자인 NO 및 cytokine의 생성을 효과적으로 저해하였다. 황마늘 추출물은 항산화, 미백, 항당뇨 및 항염증 활성을 가지고 있으며, 물 추출물보다는 에탄올 추출물에서 더 활성이 높은 것으로 확인되었고 흑마늘 못지않은 건강기능성 소재가 될 것으로 예상된다.

• 한국동물위생학회지
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• 제27권1호
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• pp.7-15
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• 2004

For measuring general bacterial count and Escherichia coli count, the standard plate count was used to conduct a test on 113 cases of pork carcass surfaces from slaughterhouses in Incheon area from January to February 2003. And Salmonella spp, Staphylococcus aureus and Listeria monocytogenes was used to conduct a test on 68 cases of pork carcass surfaces and 76 cases of feces, that is to say, a total of 144 cases. The results were obtained as follows: In the case of general bacterial count, 29 cases(25.7%) were in the range of 100∼999 and 62 cases(54.9%) were in the range of 1,000∼9,999 and 22 cases(19.4%) were in the range of 10,000∼99,999. Meanwhile as regards E coli count, 22 cases(19.4%) were in the range of 1∼9 and 69 cases(61.2%) were in the range of 10∼99 and 22 cases(19.4%) were in the range of 100∼999. On 68 cases of pork carcass surfaces, 7 strains(10.2%) of Salmonella spp, and 12 strains(17.6%) of S aureus were detected and 27 strains(39.7%) of L monocytogenes, respectively. As for the detected Salmonella spp, 6 strains of the B group, 3 strains of S enterica subsp salame and 2 strains of S typhimurium were detected, respectively. On 76 cases of feces, 14 strains(18.4%) of Salmonella spp, and 15 strains(19.7%) of L monocytogenes and 14 strains(18.4%) of S aureus were detected respectively. As for the detected Salmonella spp, 6 strains of the B group, 4 strains of S derby and 8 strains of the C group, 5 strains of S rissen were detected, respectively. All of 42 strains of L monocytogenes were type 1. As a result of conducting a toxin test on the detected S aureus, all of 26 strains were found to be non-toxin.