• The Plant Pathology Journal
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• 제16권5호
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• pp.252-256
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• 2000

The 16S-23S rRNA intergenic spacer regions (ISRs) were sequenced and analyzed to design specific primer for identification of Pectobacterium chrysanthemi. Two types ISRs, large and small ISRs, were identified from three strains (ATCC 11663, KACC 10163 and KACC 10165) of P. chrysanthemi and Pectobacterium carotovorum subsp. carotovorum ATCC 15713.Large ISRs contained transfer RNA-Ile(tRNA$^{Ile}$)and tRNA$^{Ala}$, and small ISRs contained tRNA$^{Glu}$. Size of the small ISRs of P. chrysanthemi ranged on 354-356 bp, while it was 451 bp in small ISR of P. carotovorum subsp. carotovorum ATCC 15713. From hypervariable region of small ISRs, species-specific primer for P. chrysanthemi with 20 bp length (CHPG) was designed from hypervariable region of small ISRs, which was used as forward promer to detect P. chrysanthemi strains with R23-1R produced PCR product of about 260bp size (CHSF) only from P. chrysanthemi strains, not from other Pectobacterium spp. and Erwinia spp. Direct PCR from bacterial cell without extracting DNA successfully amplified a specific fragment, CHSF, from P. chrysanthemi ATCC 11663. The limit of PCR detection was 1${\pm}10^2$ cfu/ml.

• 한국식품과학회지
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• 제32권3호
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• pp.564-569
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• 2000

가공식품중의 우유단백질 분석을 위하여 효소면역측정법, ELISA를 개발하였다. 특이 항체를 생산하기 위해 열에 안정하고 우유의 주요한 단백질인 ${\alpha}_{s1}-CN$을 토끼에 면역하였다. 항${\alpha}_{s1}-CN$ 항체를 이용하여 간접경합 ELISA를 실시한 결과 검출한계는 $0.1\;{\mu}g/mL$ 이었고 ${\alpha}_{s1}-CN$, skim milk, ${\beta}-CN$과 whey protein isolate에 대한 특이항체의 반응성은 각각 100%, 37%, 0.14%과 0.04% 이었다. 그러나 다른 우유단백질인, ${\beta}-lactoglobulin,\;{\alpha}-lactalbumin$, bovine serum albumin 과 대두단백질인 isolated soy protein 에 대해서는 거의 반응성을 보이지 않았다. 샌드위치 ELISA 결과는 검출한계가 $0.01\;{\mu}g/mL$로 간접경합 ELISA 에 비하여 10배 정도 민감해져 따라서 이를 시료 분석에 이용하였다. 시유에 1-10%의 whole CN을 첨가한 spike test 결과 whole CN의 평균 회수율이 94.8%(CV, 8.2%)으로 나타났다. 식품재료와 유가공 제품에 대한 whole CN의 정량분석을 실시한 결과 탈지유는 29%, WPI는 0.03%, 농후 요구르트는 0.25%였으며 가공치즈는 6.9%로 나타났다.

• Molecules and Cells
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• 제40권1호
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• pp.45-53
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• 2017

Aberrant hypermethylation of Wnt antagonists has been observed in gastric cancer. A number of studies have focused on the hypermethylation of a single Wnt antagonist and its role in regulating the activation of signaling. However, how the Wnt antagonists interacted to regulate the signaling pathway has not been reported. In the present study, we systematically investigated the methylation of some Wnt antagonist genes (SFRP2, SFRP4, SFRP5, DKK1, DKK2, and APC) and their regulatory role in carcinogenesis. We found that aberrant promoter methylation of SFRP2, SFRP4, DKK1, and DKK2 was significantly increased in gastric cancer. Moreover, concurrent hypermethylation of SFRP2 and DKK2 was observed in gastric cancer and this was significantly associated with increased expression of ${\beta}-catenin$, indicating that the joint inactivation of these two genes promoted the activation of the Wnt signaling pathway. Further analysis using a multivariate Cox proportional hazards model showed that DKK2 methylation was an independent prognostic factor for poor overall survival, and the predictive value was markedly enhanced when the combined methylation status of SFRP2 and DKK2 was considered. In addition, the methylation level of SFRP4 and DKK2 was correlated with the patient's age and tumor differentiation, respectively. In conclusion, epigenetic silencing of Wnt antagonists was associated with gastric carcinogenesis, and concurrent hypermethylation of SFRP2 and DKK2 could be a potential marker for a prognosis of poor overall survival.

• Preventive Nutrition and Food Science
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• 제17권4호
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• pp.274-279
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• 2012

For the quantitative analysis of genetically modified (GM) maize in processed foods, primer sets and probes based on the 35S promoter (p35S), nopaline synthase terminator (tNOS), p35S-hsp70 intron, and zSSIIb gene encoding starch synthase II for intrinsic control were designed. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) products (80~101 bp) were specifically amplified and the primer sets targeting the smaller regions (80 or 81 bp) were more sensitive than those targeting the larger regions (94 or 101 bp). Particularly, the primer set 35F1-R1 for p35S targeting 81 bp of sequence was even more sensitive than that targeting 101 bp of sequence by a 3-log scale. The target DNA fragments were also specifically amplified from all GM labeled food samples except for one item we tested when 35F1-R1 primer set was applied. A reference plasmid pGMmaize (3 kb) including the smaller PCR products for p35S, tNOS, p35S-hsp70 intron, and the zSSIIb gene was constructed for real-time PCR (RT-PCR). The linearity of standard curves was confirmed by using diluents ranging from $2{\times}10^1{\sim}10^5$ copies of pGMmaize and the $R^2$ values ranged from 0.999~1.000. In the RT-PCR, the detection limit using the novel primer/probe sets was 5 pg of genomic DNA from MON810 line indicating that the primer sets targeting the smaller regions (80 or 81 bp) could be used for highly sensitive detection of foreign DNA fragments from GM maize in processed foods.

• 대한핵의학회지
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• 제19권1호
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• pp.127-136
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• 1985

To evaluate change of serum $beta_2-microglobulin$ concentration$(s\beta_2-MG)$ and the usefulness of $s\beta_2-MG$ and $s\beta_2-MG/serum$ creatinine concentration(sCr) ratio in various renal diseases, $s\beta_2-MG$ and sCr were measured in 25 normal controls and 90 patients of various renal diseases(16 cases of glomerulonephritis, 12 cases of acute renal failure, 8 cases of chronic renal failure, 24 cases of nephrotic syndrome, 15 cases of tubulointerstitial diseases and 15 cases of lupus nephritis) using $Phadebas^\circledR$ $Beta_2-Micro$ Test kits. The results were as follows; 1) In normal control, the mean value of $s\beta_2-MG$ was $1.65{\pm}0.41mg/l$ and the mean value of $s\beta_2-MG/sCr$ ratio was $0.14{\pm}0.05$. 2) In various renal diseases, the mean value of $s\beta_2-MG$ was $6.74{\pm}5.47mg/l$. The mean value of $s\beta_2-MG/sCr$ ratio was $0.24{\pm}0.11$ and significantly elevated than that of normal control. (p<0.05) 3) The correlation between $s\beta_2-MG$ and sCr in glomerular and tubulointerstitial disease was log $s\beta_2-MG-0.90$ log sCr-0.48 and its correlation coefficient was 0.78(p<0.05). 4) In glomerular disease, the correlation between $s\beta_2-MG$ and sCr was log $s\beta_2-MG-0.89$ log sCr-0.46(r - 0.76) and in tubulointerstitial disease, it was log, $s\beta2-MG-0.95$ log sCr-0.59 (r-0.87). There was no significant difference between the two groups(p<0.05). 5) Among 32 cases of glomerular and tubulointerstitial disease patients, whose sCr was within normal range, 17 cases showed elevated $s\beta_2-MG$. The mean values of $s\beta_2-MG/sCr$ ratio in these patients was $0.30{\pm}0.14$ and significantly elevated than that of normal control(p<0.05). 6) In 15 cases of lupus nephritis, 12 cases showed elevated $s\beta_2-MG$ with normal sCr and 12 cases showed elevated $s\beta_2-MG/sCr$ ratio. With above results, it was found that the $s\beta_2MG$ can be used as an index of glomerular filtration rate as in the case of sCr and that $s\beta_2-MG/sCr$ ratio can be used as a tool in early detection of slightly decreased glomerular filtration rate and in detection of the renal disease of increased $\beta_2-MG$ production.

• 한국화재소방학회논문지
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• 제30권2호
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• pp.19-26
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• 2016

본 논문은 국내 주요 시설 및 국가 기반 시설로 변화되고 있는 터널 및 지하 공동구의 조기화재탐지설비시스템 설치에 이용되고 있는 광센서 선형 화재 감지 시스템에 대한 특성 분석을 목적으로 연구를 수행하였다. 연구 방법으로는 저온 환경인 $-20^{\circ}C$에서 5일간 5가지의 열감지기 중에서 작동 여부를 확인한 결과 광센서 선형 감지기만 작동하는 것을 알 수 있었다. 또한 터널과 같은 풍속이 발생되는 곳을 가정하여 축소 모형 터널을 제작하여 0 m/s와 1 m/s를 변수로 하여 광센서 선형 감지기의 작동 특성을 분석하였다. 그 결과로서 광센서 선형 감지 시스템의 온도 변화에 있어서는 풍속이 없을 때인 0 m/s 때의 값이 높게 나타나는 것을 알 수 있었다.

• 전자공학회논문지
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• 제53권2호
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• pp.47-52
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• 2016

스마트 기기와 소형 디스플레이에 사용되는 디지털 영상은 다운스케일링 (Downscaling)된 영상이 사용된다. 본 논문에서는 영상 픽셀값의 경사도에 따른 특징벡터를 이용한 다운스케일링 포저리 (Forgery) 영상 검출 알고리즘을 제안한다. 제안된 알고리즘에서, 원영상의 픽셀값 경사도로부터 자기회귀 (AR: Autoregressive) 계수를 계산한다. 이는 다운스케일링 포저리 영상 검출기의 SVM (Support Vector Machine) 분류를 위한 학습에 사용된다. 제안된 다운스케일링 검출 알고리즘은 동일 10-Dim. 특징벡터의 MFR (Median Filter Residual) 스킴과 686-Dim.의 SPAM (Subtractive Pixel Adjacency Matrix) 스킴과 비교하여 다운스케일링 90% 영상 포저리에서 성능이 우수하며, 평균필터링 ($3{\times}3$) 영상과 미디언필터링 ($3{\times}3$) 영상에서 높은 검출율을 보여 주었다. 특히, 평균필터링과 미디언필터링 영상에서는 성능평가 전체 항목에서 민감도 (Sensitivity; TP: True Positive rate)와 1-특이도 (1-Specificity; FP: False Positive rate)의 AUC (Area Under Curve)가 모두 1에 수렴하여 'Excellent (A)' 등급임을 확인하였다.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제15권11호
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• pp.4545-4548
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• 2014

Objective: To investigate the changes of serum vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), soluble interleukin-2 receptor (SIL-2R) and hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) contents in patients with primary hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) before and after percutaneous microwave coagulation therapy (PMCT) and determine their clinical significance. Materials and Methods: Fasting venous blood (3 mL) from 81 patients with primary HCC diagnosed by pathology was collected in the mornings 1 day before PMCT, and 1 day, 7 days and 1 month after PMCT, and then the serum was separated and stored in $-70^{\circ}C$. The contents of VEGF, SIL-2R and HGF were detected by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Results: The serum VEGF, SIL-2R and HGF contents in 81 patients with primary HCC had obviously dynamic changes before and after PMCT. By comparison to 1 day after PMCT with pre-operation, there was no statistical significance regarding VEGF and SIL-2R contents (P>0.05), but HGF content showed significant difference (P<0.01). Compared with pre-operation, VEGF, SIL-2R and HGF contents 7 days and 1 month after PMCT all manifested significant differences (P<0.01). By comparison to 7 days with 1 month after PMCT, there was no statistical significance regarding the VEGF content (P>0.05), whereas SIL-2R and HGF contents showed significant change (P<0.01). Conclusions: The contents of serum VEGF, SIL-2R and HGF have obviously dynamic changes in primary HCC before and after PMCT, and their joint detection is expected to be an effective hematologic evaluation index of PMCT for primary HCC.

• 한국건설순환자원학회논문집
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• 제5권2호
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• pp.177-184
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• 2017

최근 한국에서는 많은 지반 침하 사고가 발생하고 있는데, 이는 상하수의 누수 및 손상된 하수관에 기인한 것이다. 본 연구는 지반 침하에 대한 GPR 탐지 데이터의 실증적 자료를 구축하는 것을 목표로 한다. 이러한 목적으로 테스트 베드가 제작되었으며, 제작 변수는 주철관 및 EPS의 매입 깊이 및 수평 거리이다. 탐사결과, 1.5m의 깊이로 매립된 EPS는 검출하기 어려웠으며, 0.5m 거리 내에서 주철관에 밀접하게 매설 된 EPS는 매우 강한 주철관 신호로 탐지가 불가능했다. 또한 본 연구에서는 GPR 탐사 이미지 결과를 처리하기 위해 GPR 이미지 처리 프로그램 (GPRiPP)을 개발했다. 그 주요 기능은 위글파 신호를 증폭시키는 게인 기능이며, 기존 프로그램과 GPRiPP의 이미지 처리 기능은 매우 유사함을 확인하였다.

• 식물병연구
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• 제14권3호
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• pp.219-222
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• 2008

C. gloeosporioides와 C. acutatum의 개체군 밀도분석을 위해 기존 ITS부위를 이용한 PCR방법에 사용한 caInt2와 cgint 프라이머에 형광을 표지하여 C. acutatum에 특이적인 fcaInt2와 C. gloeosporioides에 특이적인 vcgint의 두 probe를 제작하였다. 이 두개의 프라이머와 Unicof1, Unicor1 primer를 이용 real time PCR을 수행하였을 때 C. acutatum은 fcaInt2 probe에, C. gloeosporioides는 vcgint에 특이적인 형광증폭곡선을 나타냄에 따라 delta Rn 값을 비교함으로 두 종의 구분이 가능하였다.