• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• 제8권3호
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• pp.127-137
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• 2021

Mainland China area has been a long-term, major trade rival and partner of Taiwan, accounting for more than 40% of Taiwan's total annual trade exports, and so Sino-US trade friction is expected to have a significant impact on Taiwan's economy in the future. This study focuses on major bad news of Sino-US trade frictions and how it generates short-term shocks for Taiwan's equity market and fear sentiment. It further explores the mutual interpretation relationship between price changes such as VIX, Taiwan's stock market index, and the VIX ETF to identify which factors have information leadership as leading indicators. The study period covers 750 trading days from 2017/1/3 to 2020/1/31. This study finds that, when a policy news is announced, the stock market index falls significantly, the change in the trading price (net value) of the VIX ETF rises significantly, and the overprice rate significantly drops, but VIX does not, showing that fear sentiment exists in the Taiwan's market. The net value of the VIX ETF shows an information advantage as a leading indicator. This study suggests that, when the world's two largest economies clash over trade, the impact on Taiwan's equity market is inevitable, and that short-term fear effects will arise.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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• 제14권9호
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• pp.350-361
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• 2014

본 연구에서는 15세에서 17세의 청소년들을 대상으로 치과치료에 대한 공포감의 일반적인 경향과 관련변인들에 따라 공포감이 어떻게 차이가 나며, 이들 변인들이 치과치료에 대한 공포감에 영향을 미치는 정도와 인과관계를 밝히고자 하였다. DFS, DBS 및 GFS를 포함한 설문도구와 청소년의 특성에 관한 문항들로 구성된 설문지를 이용하였고, SPSS를 이용하여 단변량 분석을 시행한 후 LISREL 8.12를 사용하여 공변량 구조모형을 분석하였다. DFS (0.957), DBS (0.916) 및 GFS (0.910)의 Cronbach 신뢰도 계수가 모두 0.9이상으로 높게 나타났고, 자신의 치아상태가 건강하지 않다고 생각할수록, 최근 구강 내 동통을 경험했을 경우, 치과치료 시 동통을 강하게 느꼈을 경우, 그리고 치료 시 동통을 자주 경험했을 경우와 치과약속을 어긴적이 있을 경우에 그렇지 않은 경우보다 치과치료에 대한 공포감의 수준이 통계적으로 유의하게 높아지는 추세로 나타났다. 구조방정식 모형의 적합도는 양호하게 나타났으며, 치과치료시 동통정도와 동통 횟수, 치과약속을 어긴 횟수, 치과의사에 대한 불신감 그리고 일반적인 공포감이 치과치료와 관련된 공포감에 정(+)의 직접효과가 있었다.

• 치위생과학회지
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• 제9권5호
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• pp.539-543
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• 2009

본 연구에서는 울산시내 일부 고등학생들을 대상으로 청소년들이 갖는 치과치료와 관련된 공포감과 개개인이 가지고 있는 기질간의 인과관계를 밝히기 위하여 4개 고등학교 남 학생들을 대상으로 DFS와 EAS의 정도를 측정하여, 최종 1,841명의 자료를 수집한 후 분석한 결과는 다음과 같다. 1. DFS(0.957), EAS(0.630)의 Cronbach 신뢰도 계수가 모두 0.6이상으로 양호하게 나타나 설문도구의 유용성을 확인하였다. 2. 치과치료에 대한 공포감은 여자가 남자보다 높았고, 개인기질 유형 중 기질 III(양가적인 정서조절 군)이 다른 유형에 비해 치과치료에 대한 공포감이 낮았다.

• Journal of Hospice and Palliative Care
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• 제26권4호
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• pp.160-170
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• 2023

Purpose: The aim of this study was to examine the effects of death anxiety and perceived end-of-life care competencies on the fear of terminal care among clinical nurses. Methods: This correlational study was conducted from June to July 2021. The study included 149 clinical nurses employed at a tertiary hospital and seven other hospitals. The measurement tools used in this study were the Thanatophobia Scale (Cronbach's α=0.87), the Death Anxiety Scale (Cronbach's α=0.80), and the Scale of End-of-life Care Competencies (Cronbach's α=0.94). These instruments were chosen to assess the levels of fear of terminal care, death-related anxiety, and competencies in end-of-life care. Results: The mean score for fear of terminal care was 3.32±1.32. Differences in fear of terminal care were observed based on the working unit, position, number of patients requiring terminal care, and experience with end-of-life care education. Fear of terminal care was significantly positively correlated with death anxiety and significantly negatively correlated with end-of-life care competencies. In multiple regression analysis, the factors influencing fear of terminal care were attitudes toward end-of-life care competencies (𝛽=-0.39, P<0.001), death anxiety (𝛽=0.24, P<0.001), knowledge of end-of-life care competencies (𝛽=-0.22, P=0.005), and behaviors related to end-of-life care competencies (𝛽=-0.16, P=0.021). These factors explained 64.6% of the total variance (F=25.54, P<0.001). Conclusion: This study suggests that developing nurses' end-of-life care competencies and reducing death anxiety are crucial for managing the fear of terminal care. Therefore, providing end-of-life care education and psychological support programs is important.

• 생물정신의학
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• 제15권4호
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• pp.254-264
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• 2008

Objectives : The neural substrate of fear is thought to be highly conserved among species including human. The purpose of this review was to address the neural substrates of fear based on recent findings obtained from animal and human studies. Methods : Recent studies on brain regions related to fear, particularly fear conditioning in rodents and humans, were extensively reviewed. Results : This paper suggests high consistency in anatomical structure and physiological mechanisms for fear perception, response, learning and modulation in animals and humans. Conclusions : Fear is manifested and modulated by well conserved neural circuits among species interconnected with the amygdala, such as the hippocampus and the ventromedial prefrontal cortex. Further research is required to incorporate findings from animal studies into a better understanding of neural circuitry of fear in human in a translational approach.

• 아동학회지
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• 제34권4호
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• pp.37-52
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• 2013

This study was performed to model the effects of ego strength, stress coping styles, fear of negative evaluation, and the effects these concepts have upon children's peer relationships. Data were collected from 580 fifth and six graders in Seoul and Gyeonggi province. In summary, the results indicated the following. Firstly, there were significant correlations between ego strength, stress coping styles, fear of negative evaluation, and peer relationships. Secondly, the ego strength of children was found to have direct influences upon their stress coping styles, fear of negative evaluation and peer relationships. Thirdly, out of stress coping styles of children affected by ego strength, only the negative coping style was found to significantly influence the fear of negative evaluation and peer relationships. Fourth, the fear of negative evaluation on the part of children was affected by ego strength and negative stress coping styles, and in particular, negative stress coping styles influenced peer relationships through the anxiety induced from interpersonal relationships.

• 대한안전경영과학회지
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• 제17권3호
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• pp.53-63
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• 2015

This study highlights empirically the relationship among major constructs such as accident, fear and anxiety emotion, self-efficacy, and negative spillover of work, focused on the railway drivers. The differentiated factor of this study is in that the experience of accident was posed as exogenous variable. The main statistical tool was Regression. Hypothesis tests based on 201 samples verified that the experience of accidents showed a significant effect on negative spillover of work mediated by fear and anxiety, with moderating effect of self-efficacy between fear and anxiety and negative spillover of work. However, the moderating effect was shown as increasing the degree of negative spillover of work, since the drivers recognized their fear and anxiety accrued by accident experience as uncontrollable. This findings suggest the need for mitigating driver's negative emotion - fear and anxiety - through an introduction of practice such as exemption of settlement obligation in accident site and lowering of the penalty for accident responsibility.

• Human Ecology Research
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• 제60권3호
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• pp.459-470
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• 2022

This study analyzed the relationship between adult attachment, self-differentiation, and self-esteem in solving the fear of intimacy in interpersonal relationships experienced by adults. This study targeted people in the 20s to 50s age group, and data from 1,263 participants were analyzed using SPSS 23.0 and AMOS 23.0. The results are as follows. First, it was found that secure attachment had a negative relationship with the fear of intimacy, while the relationship between self-differentiation and self-esteem was positive. On the other hand, anxiety attachment and avoidance attachment were shown to have a positive relationship with the fear of intimacy, but a negative relationship was identified with self-differentiation and self-esteem. Second, it became evident that self-differentiation and self-esteem mediated the relationship between adult attachment and the fear of intimacy. Additionally, the findings indicated that self-differentiation and self-esteem had a dual mediating effect. The results of this study can be used as basic data for counseling and educational programs to solve the fear of intimacy in interpersonal relationships experienced by adults.

• Child Health Nursing Research
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• 제23권3호
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• pp.329-339
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• 2017

Purpose: This study was conducted to identify the sexual maturation, parenting attitude, maturity fear and emotional and behavioral problems of girls in elementary school, and to examine the relation between these variables and factors that influence emotional and behavioral problems. Methods: Participants were 128 second, third and fourth year students from 3 elementary schools. Data were analyzed using t-test, ANOVA and $Scheff{\acute{e}}$ test, Pearson correlation coefficients, and stepwise multiple regression with SPSS/WIN 21.0. Results: Emotional and behavioral problems were related to eating rate, eating breakfast, frequency of late-night snacks and main communicator on pubertal development. Emotional and behavioral problems showed a positive correlation with maturity fear and father's parenting attitude (strictness) and a negative correlation with parenting attitude and father's parenting attitude (intimacy). Maturity fear, father's parenting attitude, eating breakfast, and main communicator on pubertal development had significant influence on emotional and behavioral problems of girls in elementary school. Conclusion: Findings show that for effective management of emotional and behavioral problems in elementary school girls, programs including coping with maturity fear, supportive parenting of father, diet education, and functional communication with mother on pubertal development should be developed.

• KIEAE Journal
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• 제15권2호
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• pp.69-78
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• 2015

Purpose: The aim of this study was to analyze the elementary schoolchildren's the fear of crime in pedestrian environment of elementary school for providing the basic design resource. Method:In order to deal with that, the questionnaire survey on the elementary schoolchildren's the fear of crime were conducted in 5 elementary schools in Ilsan new town. The results of the 293 questionnaires survey were analyzed through SPSS program. Result: The main results were as follows. The level of fear of crime in pedestrian environment differed in these 5 elementary schools because of the width of pedestrian path, the concealed place around pedestrian path, the nearness of park, the height/shape/interval of trees, the number of car and the closure-watching in the school caused by fence and trees and so on. The level of fear of crime in pedestrian environment differed between that of boy groups and that of girls groups because of the number of emergency bell/telephon, the shape of pedestrian path, the number of security office, the number of car and the concealed place around pedestrian path and so on.