• Korean Journal of Medicinal Crop Science
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• v.14 no.4
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• pp.250-254
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• 2006

To elucidate cytogenetic differences, karyotype analysis and FISH (fluorescence in situ hybridization) with 45S and 5S rDNAs were carried out in the three Astragalas species: Astragalas membranaceus Bunge, A. membranaceus var. alpinus Nakai and A. mongholicus Bunge. The somatic metaphase chromosome numbers of all three species were 2n=2x=16 and the size of chromosomes ranged $2.19{\sim} 5.73\;{\mu}m$. The chromosome complement of A. membranaceus consisted of each four pairs of metacentrics (chromosomes 3,4,6 and 7) and submetacentrics (chromosomes 1,2,4 and 8). In A. membranaceus var. alpinus, the chromosome complement consisted of two pairs of metacentrics (chromosomes 4 and 8) and six pairs of submetacentrics (chromosomes 1,2,3,5,6 and 7). A. mongholicus had three pairs of metacentrics (chromosomes 6,7 and 8) and five pairs of submetacentrics (chromosomes 1,2,3,4 and 5). Using bicolor-FISH, one pair of 45S and 5S rDNA signals could be detected on the centromeric regions of chromosomes 8 and 7 of A. membranaceus and A. mongholicus, respectively. In contrast, A, membranaceus var. alpinus had one pair of 45S signals on the centromeric region of chromosome 8 and two pairs of 5S rDNA signals on the short arms of chromosomes 7 and 8.

• The Microorganisms and Industry
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.2-6
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• 1999

151 strains which belong to the gens Rhizopus were isolated from 750 specimens collected through all over South Korea, and 19 species of the genus, all of which are unrecorded in Korea, were identified according to the modified Takeda-Yamamoto's classification key. The species identified are as follows ; R. nigricans, R.formosaensis, R.achlamydosporus, R.tritici, R.javanicus, R.cuiuniang, R liquefaciens, R.chungruoensis, R.acidus, R.chinensis, R.delemar, R.hangchow, R.japonicus, R.arrhizus, R.bahrnenesis, R.tonrinensis, and R.shanghaiensis.

• Korean Journal of Poultry Science
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.73-81
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• 1989

This study was conducted to estimate heritabilities, genetic and phenotypic correlations on economic traits in layers. The data analysis were the records of 351 pullets in S. C. W. Leghorn and 326 pullets in R. I. Red from March 1, 1980 to July 31.1981. The results obtained are summarized as follows：1 The average body weights at the first egg, 300 and 500 days of age were 1, 409, 1, 602 and 1, 709g S. C. W. Leghorn, and 1, 965, 2, 305, and 2, 479g in the R. I. Red, respectively. The age at first egg of the S. C. W, Leghorn and R. I. Red were 156 days and 163 days, respectively. The number of egg produced by the S. C. W. Leghorn and R. I. Red to 300 days and 500 days of age were 101.18, 214.39, and 101.05, 214.93, respectively. The egg weight at first egg, 300 and 500 days of age were 41.93, 57.65 and 60.33g in the S. C. W. Leghorn and 41.52, 57.62 and 60.57g in the R. I. Red, respectively. 2. The heritability estimates based on the variance of sire and dam components were 0.402-0.612 and 0.275-0.458 in the S. C. W. Leghorn, 0.309-0.523 and 0.134-0.380 in R. I. Red for body weight； 0.167 and 0.139 in the 5. C. W. Leghorn, 0.169 and 0.095 in the R.1. Red for age at first egg：0.214-0.139 and 0.336-0.341 in S. C. W Leghorn, 0.137-0.259 and 0.024-0.102 in the R. I. Red for number of egg production； 0.537-0.769 and 0.374-0.686 in the S. C. W. Leghorn, 0.519-0.631 and 0.116-0.365 in the R. I. Red for egg weight, respectively. 3. The genetic correlation coefficients of economic traits were as follows： In the S. C. W. Leghorn and R. I. Red , the coefficients between body weights and age at the first egg, 0.328-0.426 and 0.186-0.244：between body weights and number of egg production, -0.666--0.498 and -0.452--0.073：between body weight and egg weight, 0.384-0.774 and 0.126-0.612； between age at first egg and number of egg production, -0.639--0.452 and -0.754--0.320； between age at first egg and egg weight, 0.475-0.705 and 0.021-0.605； between number of egg production and egg weight, -0.623--0.355 and -0.861--0.327, respectively.

• The Plant Pathology Journal
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.189-193
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• 2001

The relationships between the phytoplasmas infecting Zizyphus jujuba and Paulownia coreana were investigated by PCR-RELP. The 16S rRNA genes of the phytoplasmas were analyzed and compared with each other after PCR amplification. The amplified bands 1.4 kb in size were analyzed by both restriction digestion and sequencing after cloning into a plasmid vector. In some cases, two different kinds of inserts were observed in the isolates that originated from a single plant. However, many of them appeared to be the amplification products of chloroplastic 16S rRNA gene of host plants. The phytoplasma gene could be differentiated from the chloroplastic gene by restriction digestion of the plasmids carrying the amplification products. Only the recombinant plasmids carrying phytoplasma 16S rRNA gene produced a 1.4 kb band when digested with the enzyme BanII. Of the 52 recombinant plasmids analyzed, 42 appeared to contain inserts that originated from the chloroplastic 16S rRNA gene of the host plants. No variation was detected among 16S rRNA gene of nine phytoplasma isolates infecting Z. jujuba. However, the phytoplasmas infecting Z. jujuba were different from that infecting P. coreana.

• Journal of the Korean Mathematical Society
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• v.39 no.1
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• pp.127-135
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• 2002

Let I be an ideal in a Gorenstein local ring A with the maximal ideal m. Then we say that I is an equimultiple good ideal in A, if I contains a reduction Q = ( $a_1$, $a_2$,ㆍㆍㆍ, $a_{s}$ ) generated by s elements in A and G(I) =(equation omitted)$_{n 0}$ $I^{n}$ / $I^{n＋1}$ of I is a Gorenstein ring with a(G(I)) = 1 - s, where s = h $t_{A}$ I and a(G(I)) denotes the a-invariant of G(I). Let $X_{A}$$^{s}$ denote the set of equimultiple good ideals I in A with h $t_{A}$ I = s, R(I) = A [It] be the Rees algebra of I, and $K_{R(I)}$ denote the canonical module of R(I). Let a I such that $I^{n＋l}$ = a $I^{n}$ for some n$\geq$0 and $\mu$$_{A}$(I)$\geq$2, where $\mu$$_{A}$(I) denotes the number of elements in a minimal system of generators of I. Assume that A/I is a Cohen-Macaulay ring. We show that the following conditions are equivalent. (1) $K_{R(I)}$(equation omitted)R(I)＋as graded R(I)-modules. (2) $I^2$ = aI and aA : I$\in$ $X^1$$_{A}$._{A}$./.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Systems Engineering
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.61-68
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• 2010

Generally EPC management system was simply management concept through the normal S/W. Our LNG Plant R&D Center wanted to the excellent management system from the S/W. So We developed the R&D management S/W and EPC management S/W Built in the Microsoft Project Server. Our system made to the customer Requirements. It was just User Interface protocol. But User Interface has more Weak position, because it makes from the MS Project Servers. Ms Projector server make easy to treat the project on the WBS. EPC parts mixed WBS and normally Ms SQL Database. It has very complicated Structures. Now We planed to make the general Database and Ms Project Server, It' means to the S/W Developer and Schedule Manager ability. We will successfully integrate R&D management system and EPC system and other softwares.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.29 no.1
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• pp.191-196
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• 2008

Kinetic studies of the reactions of a-bromoacetanilides [YC6H4NHC(=O)CH2Br] with substituted benzylamines (XC6H4CH2NH2) have been carried out in dimethyl sulfoxide at 35.0 oC. The Hammett plots for substituent (Y) variations in the substrate (log kN vs. sY) are biphasic concave upwards/downwards with breaks at Y = 4-Cl (sY = 0.23). The Hammett coefficients rY and the cross-interaction constant rXY (= +0.16) are positive for sY 0.23, while the rY values are positive/negative [rY > 0 for X = (4-MeO and 4-Me) and rY < 0 for X = (H, 4-Cl and 3-Cl)] and the rXY (= -1.51) value is negative for sY ³ 0.23. Based on these and other results, the benzylaminolyses of a-bromoacetanilides are proposed to proceed through rate-limiting expulsion of the bromide leaving group from a zwitterionic tetrahedral intermediate, T, with a bridged transition state for s Y 0.23, while the reaction proceeds through concerted mechanism with an enolate-like TS in which the nucleophile attacks the a-carbon for s Y ³ 0.23.

• Microbiology and Biotechnology Letters
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• v.32 no.2
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• pp.195-198
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• 2004

Molec-ular analysis was performed on the microflora found In the necrotic pulpal tissue collected from 5 infected root canals that were diagnosed as a periapical abscess. 16S rRNA coding gene (rDNA) library construction and sequencing were performed in order to identify the microflora, The 16S rDNA sequences from 278 clones were identified by a comparison with the database sequence in GenBank. Three phylum and 31 species, which were related to the oral microflora, were identified from the 3 samples (No. 87, 105, and 115). Dialister invisus (5.6％), Peptostreptococcus micron (18.3％), and Veillonella sp. (3.3％) were the organism present in all tee samples. Lac-tobacillusfementum (2.8％),Eubacterumsp./E. infirmum (6.7％), Shuttleworthiasatelles (3.9％), Psudorarnihacfer alactoiyticus (13.3％), Bulleidia moorei (2.8％), and Prevotella denticola (1.1％) were found in two samples. Two phylum and low species of environmental microflora were identified from 2 samples (No.95 and 101). The reason for this might be contamination of the samples with dental water. These results showed that molecular analysis could reveal more diverse microflora that are associated with endodontic infections than that revealed by conventional cultural methods. In addition, these results may of for the basic data to epidemiological studies related with endodontic infection.

• Applied Biological Chemistry
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• v.46 no.3
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• pp.240-245
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• 2003

$({\pm})-2-(4-Chlorophenyl)-2-cyano-2-phenyl-1-hexanol$ (2) and acetate ester (3) were resolved by various lipases. (R) and (S)-systhane were synthesized by the resolved compound 2. The antifungal screening of (R), (S)-systhane and $({\pm})-systhane$ against wheat leaf rust and barley powdery mildew gave activity over 92% in concentration of 2 ppm, but (R)- and (S)-systhane were not more active than $({\pm})-systhane$.

• Korean Journal of Microbiology
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• v.35 no.1
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• pp.72-77
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• 1999

To investigate soil bacterial diversity according to vegelalioo types, utilizing ability of sole carbon sources and restriction enzyme patterns of 16s rDNA were analyzed. From the both results; five kinds of soil microbial communities were grouped as forest soil (Quercus mongolica and Pinus densi&ra vegetation), grass-agricultured soil and microbial communities of naked soil. But, both soil microbial communities of directily exlracted from ths soil and indirectly extracted from heterotrophic bacteria that cultured soil in LB medium showed very different similarity.