• International Journal of Highway Engineering
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• v.7 no.3 s.25
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• pp.1-10
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• 2005

In this study, accelerated pavement tester(APT) was performed on long-life asphalt pavements that can save maintenance and user costs by increasing the design life twice longer than conventional asphalt pavements. Basic material testings are first conducted on a high modulus base(HMB) mixture developed in this study. Four different pavement sections including thin and thick conventional and thin and thick HMB courses are constructed to compare the load-carrying capacities and to investigate the fatigue and rutting performances using an accelerated pavement tester. Tensile strain values at the bottom of base courses under the various loading levels are measured. The tensile strain values of the HMB sections are lower than those of the conventional sections. It is observed from the APT performed on the thin pavement sections that no significant cracks are developed up to the 180,000 cycles of a wheel load. In terms of rutting, only 3mm of rutting is developed in the thick HMB section while 5.3mm of rutting is developed in the thick conventional section at the 90,000 cycles of the wheel load. The HMB material developed in this study can be successfully used in the long-life asphalt pavements because of its excellent fatigue and rutting performances. It is estimated from a series of structural analysis that the use of the HMB material instead of the conventional base materials may reduce the asphalt thickness at least 5cm because of its better load-carrying capacity.

• Journal of the Korean Geotechnical Society
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.191-198
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• 2001

국내 도로포장의 주요 파손형태는 주변환경 및 반복 교통하중 조건에 의한 소성변형(rutting), 피로균열, 반사균열, 온도균열 등이 있는데, 포장이 설계수명에 도달하기 이전에 주로 발생하며 이로 인한 도로포장의 유지관리에 막대한 국가예산이 낭비되고 있는 실정이다. 본 연구에서는 토목섬유 아스팔트 포장 시스템을 체계적으로 정립하기 위해 휠트래킹 시험과 균열저항성 시험을 수행하여 토목섬유 아스팔트 포장의 소성변형 및 균열 저항성을 분석하였다. 이러한 실험결과를 통해 아스팔트 포장에서의 토목섬유 보강 효과가 평가되었다.

• International Journal of Highway Engineering
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• v.12 no.4
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• pp.53-60
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• 2010

Geogrid-reinforced asphalt pavement is a pavement type applicable to overlay for repair in addition to new construction. The geosynthetic materials are placed between the asphalt layers to stop or delay propagation of the cracking existing at lower layers and to reduce the rutting. In this study, the cracking, rutting, IRI, and deflection were investigated to compare the performance between geogrid-reinforced asphalt pavement and ordinary or polymer modified asphalt pavement. Based on field conditions, the 11 sections were classified into 3 groups; sections proper to compare, sections with restrictions to compare, sections with difficulties in comparing, and the data was statistically analyzed. Larger resistance to rutting and increased IRI were measured at the geogrid-reinforced asphalt pavement sections comparing to the ordinary or polymer modified asphalt pavement sections. However, the deflections of the pavements were similar and the resistance to the cracking could not be compared because of short pavement lives.

• International Journal of Highway Engineering
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• v.4 no.2 s.12
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• pp.9-18
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• 2002

The main distresses that influence pavement performance are rutting, fatigue cracking, and longitudinal roughness. Thus, it is important to analyze the factors that affect these three distresses, and to develop prediction models. In this paper, three distress prediction models were developed using DataPave program which stores data from a wide variety of pavement sections In the United States. Also, sensitivity studies were conducted to evaluate how the input variables impact on the distresses. The result of sensitivity study for the prediction model of rutting showed that asphalt content, air void, and optimum moisture content of subgrade were the major factors that affect rutting. The output of sensitivity study for the prediction model of fatigue cracking revealed that asphalt consistency, asphalt content, and air void were the most influential variables. The prediction model of longitudinal roughness indicated asphalt consistency, #200 passing percent of subgrade aggregate, and asphalt content were the factors that affect longitudinal roughness.

• International Journal of Highway Engineering
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• v.6 no.1 s.19
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• pp.25-36
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• 2004

The total length of paved roads in Korea is 67,265 Km, and among these roads, about 40% of the national highways and 98% of local roads are paved with asphalt concrete. The major distress to asphalt pavement is rutting and fatigue crack. The permanent deformation including rutting accounts for about 75% of this distress. UTW(Ultra-Thin Whitetopping), which is known for its high-quality performance in asphalt pavement with rutting and cracking, seems to reduce maintenance costs significantly if it is used as the maintenance/repair method for domestic asphalt pavement. In the research, static load test was conducted to establish a behavior of Whitetopping under traffic and environmental condition. It showed that the effect of the thickness of the concrete layer and the temperature change was significant. In addition, the tensile strain as the wheel load position was close to interior and edge of concrete slab were increased up to 75% of maximum tensile strain. It showed that joint spacing must be considered in UTW design procedure.

• International Journal of Highway Engineering
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• v.11 no.4
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• pp.25-31
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• 2009

In general, it is well known fact that the stone mastic asphalt (SMA) pavement has a high resistance against rutting. However, performance of SMA is not well measured by general method used in the laboratory. The objective of this study is to investigate an applicability of deformation strength ($S_D$) for performance estimation of SMA, and to find out the correlation between rut depth and dynamic stability, and $S_D$ of SMA. This study carried out wheel tracking test and Kim-test with optimum asphalt content (OAC) determined by mix design. The results indicated that the $S_D$ of SMA was very poorer than those of dense-graded asphalt mixtures. $S_D$ showed similar WT dynamic stability and rut-depth level. It was found that Kim-test was not reflected higher rutting resistance of SMA like as indirect tensile strength (ITS) test and Marshall stability test. Also, it was revealed that dynamic stability and rut-depth of WT had some problems to estimate rutting resistance of SMA mixtures.

• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.26 no.2D
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• pp.285-292
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• 2006

The objective of this study is to introduce the development of the first Korean full-scale APT(Accelerated Pavement Tester) and to compare the performances of general dense grade asphalt mixture and modified asphalt mixtures as the first running of the tester. The tests evaluated the rutting resistance for dense grade mixture and three different modified asphalt mixture under three different temperature conditions (25-30, 40, $50^{\circ}C$). The results of the testing were compared with the laboratory test results. Results of the tests indicated that the all the modified asphalt sections showed higher rutting resistance than the dense grade section. Especially, the difference was more noticeable at higher temperature condition. Additionally, $G^*/sin{\delta}$ is found out to be an important factor for permanent deformation prediction whereas the resilient modulus was not.

• International Journal of Highway Engineering
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• v.11 no.3
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• pp.97-109
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• 2009

One of the main causes of asphalt rutting is high temperature of the pavement. Nevertheless, there has been few research on lowering the pavement temperature for reducing rutting. This study investigated the performance characteristics of moisture-retaining porous asphalt pavement, which is known to have a temperature reducing effect. The purpose of this study is to quantify the temperature reducing effect of moisture-retaining porous asphalt pavement and its effect of reducing rutting through Accelerated Pavement Testing(APT). Additionally, the possibility of reducing the thickness of the pavement in comparison to general dense grade pavement by analyzing structural layer coefficient of moisture retaining pavement. A total of three test sections consisting of two moisture-retaining porous asphalt pavement sections and one general dense-grade porous asphalt pavement section were constructed for this study. Heating and spraying of water were carried out in a regular cycle. The loading condition was 8.2 ton of wheel load, the tire pressure of $7.03kgf/cm^2$, and the contact area of $610cm^2$. The result of this experiment revealed that the temperature reducing effect of the pavement was about $6.6{\sim}7.9^{\circ}C$(average of $7.4^{\circ}C$) for the middle layer and $7.9{\sim}9.8^{\circ}C$(average of $8.8^{\circ}C$) for surface course, resulting in a rutting reduction of 26% at the pavement surface. Additionally, the structural layer coefficient of moisture retaining pavement measured from a laboratory test was 0.173, about 1.2 times that of general dense grade pavement. The general dense-grade porous asphalt pavement test section exhibited rutting at all layers of surface course, middle layer, and base layer, while the test sections of moisture-retaining porous asphalt pavement manifested rutting mostly at surface course only.

• Magazine of the Korean Society of Agricultural Engineers
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• v.32 no.E
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• pp.67-73
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• 1990

Many distress mechanisms in pavement are known to be caused by the poor mechanical properties of bituminous concretes. Among many mechanical properties, tensile strength is one of the more important indicates that represent the resistance of pavement to traffic loading. However, there has been no relationship established between the strength and distress mechanisms. Therefore, this study was conducted to evaluate a correlation between the tensile strength value and the intensity of distress in bituminous concrete. Distress data were collected from an extensive field investigation over 77km of a four-lane highway in South Carolina, USA, and from laboratory prepared specimens in two phases of study. Strength data were obtained from a total of more than 400 field cores taken from the same highway and from 640marshall specimens of surface course mixture prepared in the laboratory. These data were analyzed using statistical test techniques. It was found from statistical analyses that the tensile strength of bituminous concrete had a strong relation with the pavement condition in the field. In the analysis of rutting and stripping, low strength concrete showed a higher distress rate in the mixture, and mixtures under distress in the field showed obviously reduced strength values. Stripping was found to be the most significant distress mechanism that was correlated with low strength bituminous concrete. Rutting appeared more frequently in a low strength pavement section of the highway as a sign of failure due to traffic loading.

• International Journal of Highway Engineering
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.69-75
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• 2015

PURPOSES : The objective of this study is to evaluate the effectiveness of a geogrid reinforced subbase of permeable flexible pavement structures with respect to permanent deformation. METHODS : Experimental trials employing a repeated triaxial load test scheme were conducted for both a geogrid reinforced subbase material and a control specimen to obtain the permanent deformation properties based on the VESYS model. Along with this, a finite element-based numerical analysis was conducted to predict pavement performance with respect to the rutting model incorporated into the analysis. RESULTSAND CONCLUSIONS : The results of the experimental study reveal that the geogrid reinforcement seems to be effective in mitigating permanent deformation of the subbase material. The permanent deformation was mostly achieved in the early stages of loading and then rapidly reached equilibrium as the number of load applications increased. The ultimate permanent deformation due to the geogrid reinforcement was about 1.5 times less than that of the control specimen. Numerical analysis showed that the permeable, flexible pavement structure with the geogrid reinforced subbase also exhibits less development of rutting throughout the service life. This reduction in rutting led to a 20% decrease in thickness of the subbase layer, which might be beneficial to reduce construction costs unless the structural adequacy is not ensured. In the near future, further verification must be conducted, both experimentally and numerically, to support these findings.