• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.153-156
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• 1991

The study on leptospiral infection among cows was carried out to find out possible role of this domestic animal as an infection source for humans, and the magnitude of economic loss due to abortions caused by leptospiral infections among the domestic animal. Bood samples of 459 cows in May and 446 heads in November 1989 were collected from 19 villages of Kyunggi Province. These samples were cultured and serologically tested. Only one strain of leptospires, most strongly reactive to Pomona antibody, was isolated from duplicated cultures of 985 cow blood samples in EMJH medium. Serological test by MAT with seven reference strains and three locally isolated strains was positive in 12% of the sample in May and 26% in November ; positive rate increased slightly as the age of cows increased and male cows had higher positive rate, however, there was on difference in positive rate by type of cow and area. There was no statistically significant association between abortion history among cows(one yearperiod) and positive MAT. Thus it was concluded that the leptospiral infection of cows may play a role for human infection, and the leptospiral infection of cow may not be the major cause of abortion although further study is necessary for definite conclusion.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• v.50 no.5
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• pp.328-335
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• 2017

Objectives: The prevalence of underweight in children under 5 years of age is anomalously high in Konawe District, Southeast Sulawesi Province, Indonesia. This state of affairs may be related to poor housing conditions, such as limited access to clean water, the absence of a sanitary latrine, and the use of poor housing materials. Therefore, this study aimed to examine the effect of housing conditions on underweight in under-5 children in Konawe District. Methods: This study was conducted in 2013 in 5 health centres in Konawe District, Southeast Sulawesi Province, and used a case-control study design. The study recruited 400 under-5 children, including 100 of whom were cases and 300 of whom were age-matched controls (1:3). Cases were underweight children, while the controls were children with a normal nutritional status. The independent variables were the availability and types of water and latrine facilities and housing materials (roof, wall, and floor). The statistical analysis used Cox regression. Results: A lack of water availability (odds ratio [OR], 5.0; 95% confidence interval [CI], 2.7 to 9.5; p<0.001), a lack of latrine availability in the home (OR, 2.5; 95% CI, 1.5 to 4.0; p<0.001), and poor-quality roofing materials (OR, 1.7; 95% CI, 1.1 to 2.7; p<0.02) significantly contributed to underweight in children. In contrast, the walls and the floors did not contribute to under-5 year children being underweight (p=0.09 and p=0.71, respectively). Conclusions: Sanitation facilities and roofing were identified as important factors to address in order to improve children's nutritional status. Children's health status was directly impacted by food intake via their nutritional status.

• Journal of Korean Society for Geospatial Information Science
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• v.2 no.2 s.4
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• pp.67-79
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• 1994

Recently, the rapid economic growth has caused urban problems due to the increase of urban population and the rapid expansion as a result of exodus phenomenon in rural territories. In order to solve the problems, we need to perform rational and effective plans for national land development. Generally, we need speedy and accurate topographical information of the object area to go ahead with balanced national land development. Acquisition method for topographical data include utilization of existing geographic information such as national base maps and related thematic maps and grasping of accurate present condition of object area using aerial photographies or satellite images. When the object area is small, existing methods for acquiring topographical information reveals imitations in accuracy, speed and economic aspect. Therefore, development of a new method is in order. As a result of this study, we recogized that Photo Balloon System to be manufactured and digital ortho-map to be generated could be used to obtain a topographical information for small areas.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.16 no.11
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• pp.4555-4561
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• 2015

Background: Mammography screening is a method for reducing breast cancer mortality in women over 40 years old. A participation rate of at least 70% is a prerequisite for screening programs. This study aimed at determining the participation rate of women in breast cancer screening in Iran. Materials and Methods: The study population in this prospective research consisted of 35 to 69 years old women in the villages and towns Kerman District, in 2013. The data were collected by a well-validated risk assessment questionnaire. The questionnaires were completed with the help of health workers and technicians in the health centers, who were trained on breast cancer screening program. Results: As a whole, 19,651 women were invited to complete the questionnaire, of whom 15,794 women (80.37%) completed it. In the urban region, of 3150 eligible women 2728 women (86.60%) participated in the study. The acceptance rates for mammography in rural and urban regions were 34.95% and 8.75%, respectively. Conclusions: Finally, 3.8% and 16.34% of 35 to 69 years old women in the urban regions were mammographed, respectively. Conclusion: The low participation of eligible women in breast cancer screening program alerts us against including the program in the health insurance package.

• Journal of the Korean housing association
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.131-139
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• 2010

This study aims to examine the type of residents' participation in village making including the case of "Making Happiness Village" -in the Jeollanam-do province and "Village Making" -in Haenam-gun. The study examines the potential and effects of these projects, draws conclusions and suggests the future direction of village making projects. The results of this study are summarized below. "Making Happiness Village" should be evaluated in detail as it has contributed to the successful and development of traditional Korean residential culture, and has helped to activate and develop agricultural and fishing villages through the improvement of the residential environment and attraction of urban people into the rural area. It also showed the possibility of a project to be settled as a representative of Namdo satisfying the demand for sustainable development. In order to enhance the integrity of a village making project, its master plan must be established and utilized by considering the current status and characteristics of a village, improving its physical environment and seeking a method for economic activation. Policy and economic support from central government and local governments are also required for such a project. The residents' autonomous organization,necessary for unifying the residents' capacity, must organize their own group, such as "Residents' Conference for Village Making (tentative name)" to integrate the existing organizations (women's association, youth group, etc) and establish a conference system to discuss and solve the current issues of the village.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.16 no.10
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• pp.4173-4176
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• 2015

The aim of this cross-sectional analytic study was to investigate the prevalence and risk factors for Opisthorchis viverrini (OV) infection in an urban area of Northeastern Thailand. The participants were 254 household representatives aged 15 years or older living in the most urbanised part of Chiang Yuen municipality in Mahasarakham Province. All participants provided stool samples which were examined using the modified Kato-Katz procedure, and a structured interview questionnaire was used to collection demographic information, knowledge about OV infection, and the consumption of unsafely prepared freshwater fish. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and logistic regression. The overall prevalence of OV infection was 15.0%, and in the multivariate analysis male gender was found to be significantly and positively associated with OV infection ($OR_{adj}=9.75$, 95%CI: 34.03-23.58) while education to secondary school level or above was a significant protective factor ($OR_{adj}=0.30$, 95%CI: 0.12-0.74). The eating of unsafely prepared fish and knowledge about OV were not significantly related to infection status. The findings were discussed in terms of issues for future research, especially the need to consider the possibility of higher rates of OV infection in urban areas than might be expected and to investigate the sources of infected fish products which may well be different from those in rural villages.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.13 no.11
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• pp.924-934
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• 2013

Traditional village forests in the Jeju Island represent unique cultural landscape with a history of more than several hundred years as a national cultural asset in Korea. There are 368 Oreums, parasitic volcanoes, and 391 shrines of Dang(Divine place) in Jeju. Currently, the shrines of Dang are damaged by the Jeju Olle trail path and road constructions. It's time for cultural consents to be obtained with locality and globality. And need to produce our own unique contents, glocal cultural contents. In this study, the establishment of trail path of Jeoji Oreum in relation to the Dang in the Jeju Island was investigated. By linking the Dangsan forest to the Jeoji Oreum trail path, it enables the path to contact with traditional cultural landscape. Rural villages in Jeju with the Oreum and Dang are expected to get an international attention as to have traditional cultural landscapes of Korea. It needs to be managed to retain their original form and in connection with the trail path.

• Journal of the Korea Organic Resources Recycling Association
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• v.13 no.4
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• pp.79-88
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• 2005

The wastes generated in farming or fishing villages are mostly those of high moisture content or those once used for farming or fishing work, which require a complex process even for disposing of them alone, and moreover they have been recognized to cause a secondary side effects. The study thus is intended to conduct the basic character analysis and incineration test so as to develop the thermal decomposition furnace which will be optimal in disposing of the wastes generated from urban area that mostly have a high thermal energy or require a complex treatment process. And the subject included in the study, in addition, is to design and develop the furnace aimed at reducing the harmful ingredient as well as recycling the heat generated in the course of incineration.

• Journal of Wetlands Research
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• v.12 no.3
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• pp.107-127
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• 2010

This research is about the monitoring of people's consciousness on ecosystem change after coastal restoration project in Gangjin Bay. Tidal flat ecosystem of Ganjin Bay was major producing district of short-necked clam in Jeonnam Province. Owing to coastal restoration project (sand gathering and dredging) during 5 years, however, ecosystem was disturbed and harvesting of fish was decreased. Although a few of ark shell and oyster are harvested but drastically decreased. Even aging and depopulation is general situation like other rural regions, life pattern of villages and depopulation in Gangjin Bay was influenced by drastic decreasing of income. As the results of social monitoring, drastic decreasing of fish and shell in Gangjin Bay is significantly concerned with coastal restoration project (sand gathering and dredging) and also with difficulty of fresh-water inflow to coastal bay because of Jangheung Dam. In order to get the detail information on the cause and consequence of ecosystem change in tidal flat, it is necessary to apply the long-term socio-economic monitoring as well as biological and ecosystem monitoring.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Agricultural Engineers
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• v.50 no.5
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• pp.3-15
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• 2008

This study aims to simulate the 3 dimensional (3D) model of Keum-man connection canal using geographic information system (GIS) as well as considering design in viewpoint of engineering. The canal connects from Keumkang to Mangyungkang in order to supply fresh water into Saemankeum lake. This study used 3 dimensional spatial planning model (3DSPLAM) process to generate the 3D model, which has not only several planning layers in actual process, but also their corresponding layers in modeling process to simulate 3D space of rural villages. The discharge of the canal is $20m^3/s$ on slope of 1/28,400 in the canal length of 14.2km, which consists of pipe line and open channel. This study surveyed the route of the canal and its surrounding environment for facilities to make images in the 3D graphic model. Besides, the present study developed data set in GIS for geogrphical surface modeling as well as parameters in hydraulic analysis for water surface profile on the canal using HEC-RAS model. From the data set constructed, this study performed analysis of water surface profile with HEC-RAS, generation of digital elevation model (DEM) and 3D objects, design of the canal section and route on DEM in AutoCAD, and 3D canal model and its surrounding 3D space in 3DMAX with virtual reality. The study result showed that the process making 3D canal model tried in this study is very useful to generate computer graphic model with the designed canal on the surface of DEM. The generated 3D canal can be used to assist decision support for the canal policy.