• Journal of The Korea Institute of Healthcare Architecture
• /
• v.3 no.4
• /
• pp.35-49
• /
• 1997

The percentage of postnatal disabled people and elderly population is rapidly increased by the industrialization, and the improvement of medical technology. The disparity between the city and rural area is in the way to disabled people who need rehabilitation. To solve these problems, Community Based Rehabilitation(CBR) is suggested by WHO. In this study, at first, the CBR model considering the specific characteristics of AnSan City are presented. Secondly, the first, the second, and the third rehabilitation facilities in AnSan City are classified by the CBR model. Thirdly, the estimation of optimum space for physical therapy and occupational therapy at rehabilitation center and public health center are sugested, which are the second level rehabilitation facilities. There are some differences in the distribution of population between new and old area in AnSan City. In other words, the subject population of CBR program in old area is relatively higher than that of new area. So, the CBR program for AnSan City must reflect their regional characteristics. In this study, the therapeutic boundaries of second level rehabilitation facilities is decided through the survey of physical therapists and occupational therapists in general hospitals and nursing homes.

• The Korean Journal of Health Service Management
• /
• v.6 no.4
• /
• pp.153-163
• /
• 2012

The purpose of this study is to measure IPA(Importance Performance Analysis) of the hospital choice factors between internal and external customers at rural general hospital. This study was used 5 types of choice factor such as physical, human, accessibility, connection, and external image. Also, this study was used IPA which can be applied to identify the strengths and weaknesses quality attributes from customers' viewpoint by simultaneously evaluating importance and performance. IPA was assessed using a sample of 98 patients and 96 internal employees who work at C general hospital in Chunkcheongbuk-do. Data were collected with self-administered questionnaires from February 13 to March 30 in 2012 and analyzed SPSS 18 by using frequency, paired t-test and scatter plot graph. The results of IPA show that "Keep up the good work" quadrant was human factor and "Low Priority" quadrant was physical and connection factors between internal and external customers. The finding of this study will be applied to improve human service quality in administrative department of hospital. Also, this study presents primary data for correct decision making to authorities of local hospitals that have concern about hospital strategy. The implications of this study are discussed and areas for future research are presented.

• Journal of agricultural medicine and community health
• /
• v.30 no.2
• /
• pp.137-149
• /
• 2005

Objectives and Methods: This study was performed to investigate the etiologic bacterial, viral and protozoal organisms for the diarrhea from hospitals in Chungnam area from January to December in 2004. Total of 787 fecal samples were collected and examined. Results and Conclusions: In test for enteropathogenic bacteria, total of 79 cases out of 787 samples from hospitals showed positive isolation. Among 79 positive samples, 27 cases were confirmed as Salmonella spp.. 20 cases as pathogenic E. coli, 18 cases as Clostridium perfringens, 6 cases as Staphylococcus aureus, 4 cases as Shigella spp. and 4 cases as Vibrio parahaemolyticus. In test for enteropathogenic virus, 190 cases out of 787 samples from hospitals showed positive reaction. Among 190 samples, 115 cases were confirmed as rotavirus, 55 cases as norovirus, 5 case as astrovirus, 4 case as rotavirus & norovirus, 3 cases as adenovirus, 2 case as rotavirus & astrovirus. In test for enteropathogenic protozoa, 6 cases out of 787 samples from hospitals showed positive result. Among 6 samples, 5 cases were confirmed as Entamoeba histolytica and 1 cases as Giardia lamblia. When we classified the positive results by the age of the patients, the highest isolation rate was noted in a group of age under 10 and over 60 for bacterial, viral and protozoal pathogens. Especially, patient below age of 5 showed high positive rate. When we classified the positive results by the time, pageathogenic bacteria were isolated throughout the year, and the highest frequency was noted in August. On the other hand, pathogenic viruses were detected more frequently during the colder season from December to April. Antimicrobial susceptibility test for the isolated bacteria resulted as follows; Salmonella strains showed high drug resistance rates against ampicillin, chloramphenicol, tetracycline, nalidixic acid, ticarcillin. Shigella strains showed high drug resistance rates against ampicillin, trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole, chloramphenicol, tetracycline, ampicillin/sulbactam, ticarcillin. Pathogenic E. coli strains showed high drug resistance rates against ampicillin, cephalothin, gentamicin, tetracycline, nalidixic acid, ampicillin/sulbactam, ticarcillin.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
• /
• v.25 no.3 s.39
• /
• pp.312-329
• /
• 1992

The purpose of this study is to estimate cesarean section rate in Korea and analyze the socioeconomic variables and health resources which affect regional variation in the rate. Samples were drawn from the record of vaginal and cesarean section deliveries based upon insurance claim bills which have been submitted to the National Federation of Medical Insurance for the first three months, January through March, 1991. The results are obtained as follows : It was found that. cesarean section rate was increasing rapidly up to 23.1% in 1991. Cesarean section per 10 thousand insured people was 4.8 and the number of cesarean section per 10 thousand insured eligible($15{\sim}49$ years old) female was 7.6. The fee for normal delivery was 109,489 won and that for cesarean section was 390,024 won. The average days of hospitalization in normal delivery was 2.3 days, and those in cesarean section was 7.6 days. On the average cesarean section has a longer of stay as much as by 4.3 days and cost 3.6 times more than normal deliveries. Cesarean section rates vary among medical facilities 19.8% at clinics 37.6% in small-scale hospitals, and 29.1% in general hospitals. The regional variation of cesarean section rates was also fairly prominent. The South Cheju Gun has the highest rate of cesarean section, 56.2%. Meanwhile no cesarean section cases has been reported in Sunchang Gun during the period of this study. The variation is noted among provinces. The rate for Cheju province has been 3.4 times higher than that for Chunnam. The number of cesarean section per 10 thousand insured people vary greatly among regions, too. This study has found that there exists significant regional variations among various geographic units in terms of average length of stay, average cost, number of obsretricians and number of beds. Multiple regression analysis was done to identify factors explaining the regional variance of various cesarean section rates : In the urban areas, no significant explaining variables were noted except the number of beds for the dependent variable of cesarean section cases per 10 thousand insured eligible females. The smaller the number of bed, the more cases of cesarean section was noted for an urban area. The is mostly because the rate of cesarean section is higher in medium-size hospitals than in large general hospitals. In the rural areas, the factor of education has been found significant for all three deplendent variables. The higher the educational level, the rate of cesarean section is most likely to rise. An income variable measured by the amount of monthly insurance contribution has been identified a powerful predictor in explaining the valiance of cesarean section rates. The same has been noted for the number of obstetricians. Similar findings are observed for the country as a whole. The income level has veen found as the most powerful explaining factor in the regional variance of cesarean section rates. In general the rate is higher in the urban areas, and lower in the area with more small hospitals. As this is the initial attempt to identify the factors relevant to the regional difference in the rates of cesarean section, more elaborated study is urgently required.

• Journal of agricultural medicine and community health
• /
• v.27 no.1
• /
• pp.155-164
• /
• 2002

Hypertension is the most frequent disease of chronic circulatory diseases and major intermediate cause or risk of the cerebrovascular disease which is a leading cause of death in Korea. Therefore, management of hypertension is an important issue in Korean healthcare. Especially, therapeutic compliance of hypertensives is very important because the hypertensive patients should receive anti-hypertensive treatment as long as the condition exists. However, many patients drop out of treatment, which is a major problem that needs to be solved through a hypertension control program. This study was carried out to provide basic data and counter measule for the hypertension control program in the community which aimed to keep the patients receiving treatment continuously. In order to investigate compliance of hypertensive patients during three months follow-up and the rate of control of hypertension, the data were collected during February, 2001, by reviewing medical records of 295 hypertensive patients who had been registered to Gunnam-myeon health subcenter before November, 2000. The author also study the dropout reasons by interviewing 58 patients among 68 dropout patients. The results were as follows: 1. Among the 295 subjects, 108(36.6%) were male and 187(63.4%) were female. Statistically, female hypertensives had a higher mean age than male(64.6 vs 66.3, p<0.05). 2. The 54.9% of the patients took anti-hypertensive medicine continuously for the past three months. And 19.3% had drug intermittently, and 25.8% dropped out of treatment. 3. Among several variables, such as sex, age, health insurance, the time taken from a patient's village to the health subcenter, only the last one was found to be significantly related to therapeutic compliance in the contingency table analysis. 4. The dropout reasons by multiple response were as follows, 'no symptom or no problem' (23.9%), 'change to other hospitals'(19.4%), 'geographical barrier'(17.9%), 'change to a neighborhood drugstore' (14.9%), 'immobility'(7.5%), 'economic barrier'(6.0%), 'unsatisfactory services of the health subcenter'(4.4%). 5. The mean blood pressure of 295 subjects was $144.9{\pm}12.9/86.88{\pm}8.6mmHg$. 6. The 32.5% of the subjects were controlled below 140/90mmHg. Conclusions: In order to improve the low rates of treatment and control of hypertension in rural hypertensives, a more active and systematic hypertension control program, including out-reaching follow-up management, is required in rural area. Especially, for health education of hypertensive patients, emphasis should placed on correcting wrong attitude toward hypertension.

• Journal of Korean Public Health Nursing
• /
• v.11 no.1
• /
• pp.138-162
• /
• 1997

This study was conducted to, develop the social workers role participating health and welfare services production of health centers The sharp increase rate on the elderly population in Korea lead the social issues as that health and social services are not developed enough to cope with the increase on the elderly's hearth care needs. The priority in the elderly's care service development should be put on public sectors. so that could prevent financial catastrophy of the elderly's care. The pulbic sector was concerned with health center services : as health center in Korea provide :mainly medical-oriented services. this study focused on to combine the existing health center's services into social services. The study method was based on needs survey with 322 patients aged over than 55 in rural area. "The needs survey include general health and disease care needs and daily life caring needs. The latter was applied with ADL and IADL with modificiation for the use of Korea environment. The findings were as follows : Social workers should be able to care diseases of muscular and skeletal. circulatory, digestive and general chronic disease in social service needs. aspect. Mostly the chronic pateints quit their care services because of shortage of finanical support$(18.3\%)$ and transportation problem$(19.5\%)$, but still prefer to be cured and cared from general hospitals. and at least clinic and health centers in community. The univisible dramatic effect. of health. care services also should be concerned and cared by xocial workers. The ADL and! IADL shown the most needs on transportation needs and problems caused by weaken legs. Mostly daily activities were supported by family members $(53.3\%\;spousers\;and\;35.0\%\;children)$, and the most demands were shown on helps for transportation visiting hospitals$(37\%)$ and getting similar care services for health care needs $(31.2\%)$ and daily hygeieal needs$(11.2\%)$ Social workers' role should include health care participation with social and health promotion approach as well as socio-economic supports: during health care receiving. Social workers also should provide social services for the elderly's daily needs solving for these are not in available family supporters.

• Journal of Environmental Health Sciences
• /
• v.47 no.5
• /
• pp.472-478
• /
• 2021

Background: The Legionella case detection and notification rate have increased in public artificial water environments where people visit, including large buildings, public baths, and hospitals. Objectives: In this study, the distribution of Legionella and its epidemiologic characteristics were analyzed in the water systems of public facilities in Chungcheongnam-do Province in South Korea. Methods: Culture and PCR analysis were performed on 2,991 environmental water system samples collected from 2017 to 2019, and associations with year, facilities, seasons, and temperature of water system were statistically analyzed by using R-Studio for Windows. Descriptive data was compared using chi-square tests and independent t-tests. Results: The detection rate of Legionella increased from 3.1% in 2017 to 10.3% in 2019, appearing most frequently in the order of public baths, large-scale buildings, hospitals, and apartments. It was detected mainly in summer from June to August, over 1.0×10³ CFU/L on average in 133 cases (66.5%). Lots of germs were detected in bathtub water, cooling tower water, and warm water (p<0.001), and it was detected at higher rates in the cities where multipurpose facilities were concentrated than in rural areas (p=0.018). Conclusions: This study suggests that continuous monitoring and control are required for Legionella in the water system environment of high risk facilities. Moreover, these results will be helpful to prepare efficient management plans to prevent the Legionellosis that occurs in Chungcheongnam-do Province.

• Journal of Korea Entertainment Industry Association
• /
• v.15 no.8
• /
• pp.389-401
• /
• 2021

This study was performed to generate basic data to establish a health promotion plan for residents of Chungcheongbuk-do by identifying characteristics of discharged patients residing in the Chungcheongbuk-do area from an In-Depth Post-Discharge Injury Survey reported by the Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention(KCDCP). The Report provided data on demographic characteristics, medical institution use characteristics, medical use characteristics, and disease characteristics of patients discharged from medical institutions with 100 or more beds from 2013 to 2017. The total number of Chungcheongbuk-do residents who were admitted and discharged from 2013 to 2017 was estimated to be 1,656,590, and the discharge rate was 21,089, which was higher than the national average of 13,882 in 2016. The regions where the discharge rate increased during this period include Goesan, Yeongdong, Boeun, Okcheon, Jeungpyeong, and Eumseong-gun, which are mainly rural areas. Among the patients hospitalized and discharged from hospitals outside the Chungcheongbuk-do area, the discharge rate of patients who used hospitals in Incheon/Gyeonggi areas and Daejeon/Chungnam areas increased slightly. Among the malignant tumor patients, the number of lung cancer(included trachea & bronchial cancer) patients was the highest. In addition, the discharge rate was highest for patients with respiratory diseases. This study suggests that efforts need to be made to lower the discharge rate for infection, circulatory disease, genitourinary disease, and musculoskeletal disorder patients

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Rural Architecture
• /
• v.14 no.4
• /
• pp.107-116
• /
• 2012

This study aims to investigate what degree do the hospital buildings carry out their role in regional scenery. To carry out this study the existing theoretical and field survey was conducted to the 44 private hospitals in small and medium-sized cities - Jeonju city, Kunsan city and Iksan city in Jeonlabukdo district. The contents of the survey are the general aspect of the polled, the image of the buildings, that of medical treatment parts, the relations to the regional scenery. And they are questionnaire surveyed to the 44 private hospital buildings. In questionnaire survey, the 35 professional architects who major architecture and related design and 118 citizens who doesn't major architecture are participated. The results of this study are as follows: 1. Those surveyed who answered those private hospital buildings which have their functional images are barely 20%. Some of 27% answered they have images of the commercial building. Especially in professional architects, 5% of them answered thet have their hospital images. It showed that they don't have their identity in the architectural expression in the processof architectural design. 2. The architectural facade elements that express their images in surveyed buildings are answered that architectural building form is 62%, architectural color is 27% and architectural material is 10% in turn. And the architectural elements that express their images in surveyed buildings are answered that building wall is 56%, architectural decoration is 32%. In this article, the reason why the ratio of the architectural decoration is high is that they don' have their identity in building itself. And they expressed their identity by their decoration, sign system not their buildings. 3. As the preference level for their images, some of the 49% of the total surveyed answered common. The general surveyed answered a little preference. But the architect professional group answered preference is 14%, not preference is 29%. The reason of this article is that the general surveyed are familiar with their buildings. So the questionnaire of the harmony with the surrounding scenery, 25% of the general surveyed answered that they are in harmony with surrounding but 22% of them answered that they are not in them. But In professional group, they answered 6% oh them are positive 37% of them are negative. This results suggests that the identity of the private hospital buildings are established in the process of archiectural design.

• Research in Community and Public Health Nursing
• /
• v.8 no.1
• /
• pp.116-132
• /
• 1997

The purpose of the study is to find out how laws related to the nursing profession can be improved by analyzing the rules and regulations concerning nursing. Furthermore, to help settle legal matters in the process of doing nursing work. The data used for the study are the Health and Medical Act, the Maternal and Child Health Act, the School Health Act, the Special Act for Health and Medical Service in Rural Areas, the Industrial Health & Safety Act and the Notice on Nursing Professional Courses analyzed by age and content. The results of the study are as follows : First, basic nursing practice includes 'nursing care for recuperation and assistance in medical treatment and in special areas including the pre-vention of disease, maintenance of health, control of environment, and other therapeutic activities. It is suggested that the phrase 'assistance in medical treatment' should be eliminated as it limits the basic nursing practice to the assistance of the medical treatment. Second, Article 56 of the Health & Medical Act prescribes a special nurse but it does not prescribe a specific job. Accordingly, the new provison concerning the specific jobs of a special nurse should be added or a job guide should be inseated. Third, it is prescribed that those who have completed the training course after obtaining a license are qualified to be a midwife, a special nurse and a nurse practitioner working in special areas. However, school nurses, occupational health nurses and maternal and health workers are required to obtain a nurse license, but not to take an additional training course. Nurses working in special areas should be legally recognized as nurse specialists. The regulations to control various qualification standards consistently should be established. Fourth, the qualifications and types of nurses by area prescribed by Article 54 of the Health and Medical Act are not consistent with those of special nurses as recognized by affiliated organizations of the Korean Nurse Association and some hospitals. Accordingly, the qualifications and types of special nurses should be adjusted in consideration of special nurses. Fifth, as Article 16, Paragraph 2 of the Health and Medical Act does not prescribe the type and scope of first - aid treatment that nurses can provide, the first-aid treatment of nurses might be considered as an unlicensed practice. The specific regulations regarding these matters should be established. Sixth, the contents of the nursing record, which are prescribed by Article 21 of the Health and Medical Act as a duty, include 1) matters concerning body temperature, pulse, breath and blood pressure 2) matters concerning drug prescription 3) matters concerning input and output 4) matters concerning the treatment and nursing care (Article 17 of the Enforcement Regulations, Health and Medical Act). However, these matters are limited to basic nursing care and assistance in medical treatment. The new recording methods on nursing process are suggested to be adopted legally. Seventh, the prescription right entrusted to nurses which are prescribed by the School Health Act, the Special Act on Health and Medical Service for Rural Areas, and the Industrial Health and Safety Act are not consistent with the rights of nurses as prescribed by the Health and Medical Act. New regulations prescribing the partial right for medical treatment entrusted to nurses in consideration of the restraint of time and place in emergency situations should be established.