• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• v.54 no.4
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• pp.169-175
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• 2011

Purpose: Acute internal hemorrhage is an occasionally life-threatening complication in pediatric cancer patients. Many therapeutic approaches have been used to control bleeding with various degrees of success. In this study, we evaluated the efficacy of selective internal iliac artery embolization for controlling acute intractable bleeding in children with malignancies. Methods: We retrospectively evaluated the cases of 6 children with various malignancies (acute lymphoblastic leukemia, acute myelogenous leukemia, chronic myelogenous leukemia, T-cell prolymphocytic leukemia, Langerhans cell histiocytosis, and rhabdomyosarcoma), who had undergone selective arterial embolization (SAE) of the internal iliac artery at the Chonnam National University Hwasun Hospital between January 2004 and December 2009. SAE was performed by an interventional radiologist using Gelfoam$^{(R)}$ and/or Tornado$^{(R)}$ coils. Results: The patients were 5 boys and 1 girl with median age of 6.9 years (range, 0.7-14.8 years) at the time of SAE. SAE was performed once in 4 patients and twice in 2, and the procedure was unilateral in 2 and bilateral in 4. The causes of hemorrhage were as follows: hemorrhagic cystitis (HC) in 3 patients, procedure-related internal iliac artery injuries in 2 patients, and tumor rupture in 1 patient. Initial attempt at conservative management was unsuccessful. Of the 6 patients, 5 (83.3%) showed improvement after SAE without complications. Conclusion: SAE may be a safe and effective procedure for controlling acute intractable hemorrhage in pediatric malignancy patients. This procedure may obviate the need for surgery, which carries an attendant risk of morbidity and mortality in cancer patients with critical conditions.

• Women's Health Nursing
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• v.26 no.3
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• pp.205-212
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• 2020

Purpose: This study aimed to identify the components of preterm birth (PTB) through women's personal narratives and to visualize clinical symptom expressions (CSEs). Methods: The participants were 11 women who gave birth before 37 weeks of gestational age. Personal narratives were collected by interactive unstructured storytelling via individual interviews, from August 8 to December 4, 2019 after receiving approval of the Institutional Review Board. The textual data were converted to PDF and analyzed using the MAXQDA program (VERBI Software). Results: The participants' mean age was 34.6 (±2.98) years, and five participants had a spontaneous vaginal birth. The following nine components of PTB were identified: obstetric condition, emotional condition, physical condition, medical condition, hospital environment, life-related stress, pregnancy-related stress, spousal support, and informational support. The top three codes were preterm labor, personal characteristics, and premature rupture of membrane, and the codes found for more than half of the participants were short cervix, fear of PTB, concern about fetal well-being, sleep difficulty, insufficient spousal and informational support, and physical difficulties. The top six CSEs were stress, hydramnios, false labor, concern about fetal wellbeing, true labor pain, and uterine contraction. "Stress" was ranked first in terms of frequency and "uterine contraction" had individual attributes. Conclusion: The text network analysis of narratives from women who gave birth preterm yielded nine PTB components and six CSEs. These nine components should be included for developing a reliable and valid scale for PTB risk and stress. The CSEs can be applied for assessing preterm labor, as well as considered as strategies for students in women's health nursing practicum.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• v.58 no.8
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• pp.288-293
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• 2015

Purpose: In this study, we aimed to review the clinical presentation of preterm infants with gastrointestinal perforations and compare the clinical features of gastric perforation with other intestinal perforations. Methods: The medical records of preterm neonates with pneumoperitoneum, admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) between January 1994 and December 2013, were retrospectively reviewed. Results: Twenty-one preterm infants underwent exploratory laparotomy to investigate the cause of the pneumoperitoneum. The sample consisted of five patients (23.8%) with gastric perforation and 16 patients (76.2%) with intestinal perforation. No statistical differences were found in the birth history and other perinatal factors between the two groups. Underlying necrotizing enterocolitis, bilious vomiting, and paralytic ileus preceding the perforation were statistically more common in the intestinal perforation group. All preterm infants with gastric perforation survived to discharge; however, six preterm infants with intestinal perforation expired during treatment in the NICU. In the gastric perforation group, sudden pneumoperitoneum was the most common finding, and the mean age at diagnosis was $4.4{\pm}1.7days$ of life. The location and size of the perforations varied, and simple closure or partial gastrectomy was performed. Conclusion: Patients with gastric perforation did not have a common clinical finding preceding the perforation diagnosis. Although mortality in previous studies was high, all patients survived to discharge in the present study. When a preterm infant aged less than one week presents with sudden abdominal distension and pneumoperitoneum, gastric perforation should first be excluded. Prompt exploratory laparotomy will increase the survival rates of these infants.

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• v.33 no.3 s.131
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• pp.30-37
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• 2005

This study aimed at offering basic data to develop a new use of sawdust and rice husk. Research investigated the variation of density, weight loss and dimensional decreasing rate by the percentage of resin impregnation and carbonization temperature of ceramics, which were formed by the percentage of resin impregnation of 40~80% and carbonization of $600{\sim}1200^{\circ}C$ with board impregnated with phenolic resin made from sawdust and rice husk. The results of this study were as follows:1) As the percentage of resin impregnation increased, the thickness shrinkage and weight loss were decreased; on the other hand, density and modulus of rupture increased. Meanwhile, the carbonization temperature at $1200^{\circ}C$ showed the highest values, as the density was $0.81g/cm^3$ and the bending strength was $77.9kgf/cm^2$ in the percentage of resin impregnation at 70%. 2) As the carbonization temperature grew higher the linear shrinkage, thickness shrinkage and weight loss increased while the density increased until the carbonization temperature of $1000^{\circ}C$; but then decreased slightly at $1200^{\circ}C$.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.49 no.2
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• pp.73-79
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• 2016

Background: The aim of this study was to report our early experiences with the endovascular repair of ruptured descending thoracic aortic aneurysms (rDTAAs), which are a rare and life-threatening condition. Methods: Among 42 patients who underwent thoracic endovascular aortic repair (TEVAR) between October 2010 and September 2015, five patients (11.9%) suffered an rDTAA. Results: The mean age was $72.4{\pm}5.1years$, and all patients were male. Hemoptysis and hemothorax were present in three (60%) and two (40%) patients, respectively. Hypovolemic shock was noted in three patients who underwent emergency operations. A hybrid operation was performed in three patients. The mean operative time was $269.8{\pm}72.3minutes$. The mean total length of aortic coverage was $186.0{\pm}49.2mm$. No 30-day mortality occurred. Stroke, delirium, and atrial fibrillation were observed in one patient each. Paraplegia did not occur. Endoleak was found in two patients (40%), one of whom underwent an early and successful reintervention. During the mean follow-up period of $16.8{\pm}14.8months$, two patients died; one cause of death was a persistent type 1 endoleak and the other cause was unknown. Conclusion: TEVAR for rDTAA was associated with favorable early mortality and morbidity outcomes. However, early reintervention should be considered if persistent endoleak occurs.

• Proceedings of the KSME Conference
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• 2001.11a
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• pp.180-185
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• 2001

In the life assessment for plant structural component, the research on deterioration of toughness and material properties occurred in weldments has been considered as very important problems. In general, the microstructures composed in weldments are hugely classified with weld metal(W.M), fusion line(F.L), heat affected zone(HAZ), and base metal(B.M). It has been reported that the creep characteristics on weldments having variable microstructures could be unpredictably changed. Furthermore, it is also known that HAZ adjacent to F.L exhibits the decreased creep strength compared to those in base or weld metals, and promotes the occurrence of Type III and Type IV cracking due to the growth of grains and the coarsening carbides precipitated in ferritic matrix by welding and PWHT processes. However, the lots of works reported up to date on creep damage in power plant components have been mostly conducted on B.M and the creep properties on a localized microstructures in weldments have not as yet been throughly investigated. In this paper, for various microstructures such as coarse grain HAZ(CGHAZ), W.M and B.M in X20CrMoV121 steel weldment, the small punch-creep(SP-Creep) test using miniaturized specimen(t=0.5mm, 0.25mm) is performed to investigate a possibility for creep characteristics evaluation.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers A
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• v.26 no.12
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• pp.2565-2573
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• 2002

A basic research was performed to ensure the usefulness of Small Punch-creep(SP-creep) test for residual life evaluation of heat resistant components effectively. This paper presents analytical results of initial stress and strain distributions in SP specimen caused by constant loading for SP-creep test and its experimental correlations with uniaxial creep(Ten-creep) test on 9Cr1MoVNb steel. It was shown that the initial maximum equivalent stress, ${\sigma}_{eq{\cdot}max}$ from FE analysis was correlated with steady-state equivalent creep strain rate, ${\epsilon}_{qf-ss'}$ rupture time, $t_r$, activation energy, Q and Larson-Miller Parameter, LMP during SP-creep deformation. The simple correlation laws, ${\sigma}_{sp}-{\sigma}_{TEN}$, $P_{sp}-{\sigma}_{TEN}\; and\; Q_{sp}-Q_{TEN}$ adopted to established a quantitative correlation between SP-creep and Ten-creep test data. Especially, the activation energy obtained from SP-creep test is linearly related to that from Ten-creep test at $650^{\circ}C$ as follows : $Q_{SP-P}\;{\risingdotseq}\;1.37 \;Q_{TEN},\; Q_{SP-{\sigma}}{\risingdotseq}1.53\; Q_{TEN}$.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.46 no.3
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• pp.197-201
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• 2013

Background: Most traumatic tracheobronchial injuries are fatal and result in death. Some milder cases are not life threatening and are often missed at the initial presentation. Tracheobronchial rupture is difficult to diagnose in the evaluation of severe multiple trauma patients. We reviewed the traumatic tracheobronchial injuries at Konyang University and Eulji University Hospital and analyzed the clinical results. Materials and Methods: From January 2001 to December 2011, 23 consecutive cases of traumatic tracheobronchial injury after blunt trauma were reviewed retrospectively. We divided them into two groups by the time to diagnosis: group I was defined as the patients who were diagnosed within 48 hours from trauma and group II was the patients who diagnosed 48 hours after trauma. We compared the clinical parameters of the two groups. Results: There was no difference in the age and gender between the two groups. The most common cause was traffic accidents (56.5%). The Injury Severity Score (ISS) was 19.6 in group I and 27.5 in group II (p=0.06), respectively. Although the difference in the ISS was not statistically significant, group II tended toward more severe injuries than group I. Computed tomography was performed in 22 cases and tracheobronchial injury was diagnosed in 5 in group I and 6 in group II, respectively (p=0.09). Eighteen patients underwent surgical treatment and all four cases of lung resection were exclusively performed in group II (p=0.03). There were two mortality cases, and the cause of death was shock and sepsis. Conclusion: We believe that close clinical observation with suspicion and rigorous bronchoscopic evaluation are necessary to perform diagnosis earlier and preserve lung parenchyma in tracheobronchial injuries from blunt trauma.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• v.65 no.6
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• pp.546-549
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• 2008

Bronchial artery aneurysm (BAA) is a rare entity that requires early diagnosis and immediate treatment due to the possibility of a life-threatening massive hemorrhage through rupture. The standard treatment is a surgical resection of the aneurismal artery. However, various embolization techniques, including coil embolization, are currently used as the optimal treatment because they are less invasive. A 65-year-old woman was referred for the treatment of intermittent hemoptysis. A chest CT scan showed an approximately 2 cm sized vascular mass with strong contrast enhancement originating from the right bronchial artery on the bronchiectatic parenchyma. On the angiogram, the inferior portion of the bronchial artery with a hypertrophic aspect and a huge bronchial artery aneurysm was detected on the left side branch. The bronchial artery aneurysm was embolized successfully with coils at the proximal and distal portion of the aneurysm. After coil embolization, the selective bronchial angiogram confirmed complete occlusion. We report this case of a bronchial artery aneurysm that was treated successfully with coil embolization.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Gas
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.42-47
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• 2008

The demand of gas as an eco-friendly energy source has being increased. With the demand of gas, the use of gas is also increased, so injury and loss of life by the explosion and fire have been increasing every year. Hence the influence on over-pressure caused by Vapor Cloud Explosion in enclosure of experimental booth was calculated by using the Hopkinson's scaling law and damage effect by the accident to a human body was estimated by applying the probit model. As a result of the damage estimation conducted by using the probit model, both the damage possibility of explosion overpressure to human over 3 meters away and that of overpressure to tympanum rupture over 25 meters away from the explosion shows nothing.