• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2009.05a
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• pp.1078-1083
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• 2009

HEC-HMS(Hydrologic Modeling System)은 강우-유출 모의를 위한 차세대 소프트웨어이며 HEC-1에 포함되어 있는 단위도 및 수문학적 홍수추적 이외에도 격자형 강우자료(레이더 데이터)를 이용하여 적용할 수있는 유사분포 유출변화와 장기 연속모의에 적용할 수 있는 간단한 수분감소 등을 추가적으로 포함하고 있다. 또한 GUI(Graphical User Interface)환경, 통합 수문분석 성분, 자료 저장 및 관리 능력, 그래�d 처리 및리포트 출력기능으로 구성되어 있으며 여러 가지 프로그램 언어(C, C++, Fortran)를 이용하여 개발되었다. 본 연구에서는 낙동강 수계의 금호강에 위치한 동촌 지점을 유출구로 선정하고 5개의 소유역과 두 개의 하도로 구성하여 유출모의를 실시하였으며 수문자료 선정은 2007년$^{\sim}$2008년에 발생한 홍수사상과 유량조사 사업단에서 개발한 수위-유량관계곡선식을 활용하였다. 또한, HEC-GeoHMS 모형을 GIS와 연계하여 지형인자를 추출하고 추출된 지형인자를 이용하여 매개변수를 산정하였다. HEC-HMS 모형의 계산 조건에서 손실 우량은 SCS CN, 유출변환은 Clark 단위도법을 적용하였다. 또한 관측치와 계산치의 적합도 검증은 평균제곱 근오차(root mean squar error; RMSE)와 모형 효율성 계수(model efficiency; ME)를 산정하여 분석하였다

• Journal of the Korean Society of Hazard Mitigation
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• v.5 no.2 s.17
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• pp.17-28
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• 2005

The objective of this study is to evaluate the critical duration between detention facility and flood control facility of small size catchment. 4 small size catchments are applied for hydrological analysis and rainfall excess is computed by using the NRCS Runoff Curve Number method. The critical duration of detention facility and flood control facility is evaluated using the concept of allowable release rate. The conclusions studied in this study are as follows; (1) The type of temporal pattern of design rainfall which causes maximum storage ratio has resulted in Huff's 2 quartile in case of the use of the concept of allowable release rate. (2) Based on (1) of conclusion, the critical durations of flood control facility are similar to those of detention facility, which is used for uncontrolled single detention pond.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2007.05a
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• pp.106-115
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• 2007

농촌진흥청에서 제공하고 있는 수치토양도는 수문 수자원 분야에서 SCS-CN법을 이용한 유효우량 및 유출곡선 산정에 가장 많이 활용되고 있다. 토양조사 국책사업 결과 전산화된 토양도 및 토양검정 데이터베이스에 기초한 토양정보 웹 시스템은 전국의 토양 전자지도와 토양 통계 자료를 주제별로 검색하거나 필지별 토양분석 성적에 따른 토양관리처방서를 조회하는데 사용되는 농업분야 이외의 사용자 그룹을 위해 필요한 정보를 제공하도록 활용 및 유통 요구도가 높아지고 있다. 수치토양도가 수문학적 토양유형 정보를 포함하도록 제공하는 것이 먼저 필요할 것으로 생각되고 다음으로는 수문 수자원 분야 활용 측면에서 수치토양도가 제공하는 속성, 축척, 제공형태, 좌표체계, 서비스 방식 등에 대하여 활용정책을 마련하여 이에 따라 자료가 유통될 수 있도록 하여야 할 것이다. 앞으로 활용이 가능하게 될 수치세부정밀토양도와 토양유형을 이용하여 충북 괴산군 소수면의 소유역에 대해 SCS 삼각법에 따른 단위도 작성, 유효우량 산출 및 유출곡선을 작성한 결과 농업과학기술원의 정 등(2006)이 분류한 토양유형을 이용한 결과 정 등(1995)에 따른 토양유형을 이용한 결과에 비해 CN값과 유효우량이 더 높게 나타났고 삼각단위도로부터 유도한 정점의 유출량과 시간별 유량 관측값에 더 가까운 것으로 나타났다.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2007.05a
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• pp.74-83
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• 2007

The goal of this study is to establish an integrated watershed hydrologic model for the whole Nakdong River basin whose area is an approximately 24,000 km2. Including a number of watershed elements such as rainfall, runoff, water use, and so on, the proposed model is based on SWAT model, and is used to improve the flow duration curve estimation of ungauged watersheds for Korean Total Maximum Daily Load (TMDL). The model is also used to recognize quantitatively the river flow variation due to water use elements and large dam effluents in the whole watershed. The established combined watershed hydrologic model, SWAT-Nakdong, is used to evaluate the quantified influences of artificial water balance elements, such as a dam and water use in the watershed. We apply two water balance scenarios in this study: the dam scenario considering effluent conditions of 4 large multi-purpose dams, Andong dam, Imha dam, Namgang dam, and Habcheon dam, and the water use scenario considering a water use for stream line and the effluent from a treatment plant. The two scenarios are used to investigate the impacts on TMDL design flow and flow duration of particular locations in Nakdong River main stream. The results from this study will provide the basic guideline for the natural flow restoration in Nakdong River.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2007.05a
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• pp.1844-1848
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• 2007

본 연구에서는 섬진강유역에 위치한 주요 수위관측소 지점의 유출률을 산정하기 위해서 지리정보시스템(Geographic Information System : GIS)을 적용하였다. 유출률 산정에 이용된 GIS 소프트웨어로는 ArcInfo와 ArcView 등을 이용하였으며, 대상유역의 수치유역도, 강우관측망도, 수위관측망도, 수계망도, 주암댐 유역도, 섬진강댐 유역도, 순유역도 등을 일차적으로 생성하였다. 또한 수치표고모델(Digital Elevation Model : DEM), 토양도, 토지피복도, 유출곡선지수도(Curve Number : CN) 등의 기본도를 생성하였다. 일반적으로 미계측 유역에서의 유출률 산정은 강우모형과 유역모형, 하도모형 등에 의한 수문학적 방법으로 산정되나, 계측 유역은 수위관측소 지점의 수위-유량관계곡선식에 의해 수위 수문곡선을 유량 수문곡선으로 변환하여 산정하게 된다. 본 연구에서는 수위-유량관계곡선식에 의하여 유출수문곡선을 산정하였으며, 또한 산정된 유출률의 적정성을 파악하기 위해 GIS를 이용하여 산정한 CN의 값과 비교하였다. 본 연구는 섬진강유역을 대상으로 하는 유출률 산정에 관한 연구로 강우량자료의 일관성 분석 등도 수행하였다. 유출률 산정에 이용된 강우자료는 기상청 자료이며 평균 강우량은 강우의 시간적 분포와 강우량의 양적분포 등을 분석한 후 산술평균법에 의해 산정하였다.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Agricultural Engineers
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• v.46 no.6
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• pp.3-10
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• 2004

The fundamental study of hydrologic redesign of Donghwa area located in a sccond tributary of Seomjin river was performed. The amounts of hydrologic design were estimated using the available cumulated hydrology data provided by Korea Agricultural and Rural Infrastructure Corporation (KARICO). The management status of The water resources in Donghwa area was also widely surveyed. The probability rainfalls, probable maximum precipitation (PMP) and probability floods were estimated and subsequently their changes analyzed. The amount of 200 year frequency rainfall with l day duration was 351.1 mm, 2.5 % increased from the original design value, and The PMP was 780.2 mm. The concentration time was reestimated as 2.5 hours from existing 2.4 hours. Soil Conservation Service(SCS) method was used to estimate effective rainfall- The runoff curve number was changed from 90 to 78, therefore the maximum potential retention was 71.6 mm, 154 % increased from the original value. The Hood estimates using SCS unit hydrograph showed 8 % increase from original value 623 $m^3$/s to 674 $m^3$/s and The probable maximum Hood was 1,637 $m^3$/s. Although the Row rate at the dam site was increased, the Hood risk at the downstream river was decreased by the Hood control of the Donghwa dam.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Agricultural Engineers
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• v.50 no.6
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• pp.3-12
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• 2008

It is important to estimate accurate effective rainfall to analyse flood flow and long-term runoff for the rational planning, design, and management of water resource. The initial abstraction is also important to estimate effective rainfall. The Soil Conservation Service (SCS) has developed a procedure and it has been most commonly applied to estimate effective rainfall. But the SCS method still has weak points, because of unnatural assumptions such as antecedent moisture conditions and initial abstraction. The coefficient of initial abstraction(K) is depending on the soil moisture condition and antecedent rainfall. The maximum storage capacity of Umax which is calibrated by stream flow data in the proposed watershed was derived from the DAWAST(DAily WAtershed STreamflow) model. The values of K obtained from 69 storm events at the five watersheds are ranging from 0.133 to 0.365 and its mean value is 0.207. Effective rainfall could be estimated more reasonably by introducing new concept of initial abstraction. The equation of $K=0.076Sa^{0.255}$ was recommended instead of 0.2 and it could be applicable to the small-medium rural watersheds.

• Journal of Korea Water Resources Association
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• v.30 no.4
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• pp.357-366
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• 1997

This paper presents a methodology for the calculation of effective rainfall by the SCS method using 3-dimensional digital elevation map and a Triangular Irregular Network module. The effective rainfall is calculated by taking into the increases of the runoff curve number(2%, 3%) due to the 10% increases of the slope of hillside, and the result indicate that the effective rainfall varies 5.0%∼12.0% with the storm events. It is demonstrated that in case of using the SCS method for the calculation of effective rainfall in the mountainous watershed with great elevation difference, the methodology taking into the slope of hillside is more viable.

• Magazine of the Korean Society of Agricultural Engineers
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• v.39 no.1
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• pp.64-74
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• 1997

A CELTHYM(CEll-based Long-term HYdrologic Model), a pre-processor and a post-processor that can be integrated with geographic information system(GIS) were developed to predict the stream flow from the small agricultural watershed on the daily basis. The CELTHYM calculates the direct runoff from a grid using SCS curve number method and then sum up all of cells with respect to a sub-catchment area belonged to a stream grid and integrated to an outlet. Base flow of a watershed outlet was computed by integrating of the base flow of each stream grid that was averaged the sub-catchment deep-percolation and calculated with the release rate. Two kind of water budget equation were used to compute the water balance in a grid that was classified into not paddy field and paddy field. One of the two equation is a soil water balance equation to account the soil moisture of the upland, forest and excluding paddy field grid. The other is a paddy water balance equation for the paddy field, calculating the ponding depth, the effective rainfall, the deep percolation and the evapotranspiration.

• 한국방재학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2010.02a
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• pp.51.2-51.2
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• 2010

A novel approach of Poisson cluster stochastic rainfall generator was validated in its ability to reproduce important rainfall and watershed response characteristics at 104 locations of the United States. The suggested novel approach - The Hybrid Model(THM), as compared to the traditional ones, has an additional function to account for the year-to-year variability of rainfall statistics. The two-sample Kolmogorov-Smirnov test was used to see how well THM and traditional approach of Poisson cluster rainfall model reproduce the distribution of the following hydrologic variables: monthly maximum rainfall depths with 1, 3, 6, 12, and 24 hour duration, monthly maximum flow peaks at the virtual watersheds with Curve Number of 50, 60, 70, 80 and 90; and monthly runoff depths at the same virtual watersheds. In all of the testing variables, THM significantly outperformed the traditional approach. This result indicates that the year-to-year variability of rainfall statistics contains important information about the characteristics of rainfall processes that were not considered by the conventional approach of Poisson cluster rainfall modeling and that further considering it in rainfall simulation will enhance the performance of the rainfall models.