• 한국토양비료학회지
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• 제41권6호
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• pp.374-378
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• 2008

기존의 전량집수법은 유실된 토양과 물을 전부 채취하기 위하여 시험대상지 하부에 낙차를 두어 일정규모의 집수조를 설치하여야 하고, 유실 토양과 유출 수를 측정한 후에는 집수조 내부의 토양과 물을 전부 제거해야 하므로 집수조의 설치 및 관리에 많은 노력과 비용이 소요된다. 이러한 집수구 설치 및 관리상의 문제점을 개선하기 위하여 토양보전시험연구를 위하여 장소선정이 용이하고, 시험포장에서 배출되는 토양유실 및 유출수의 측정과 시료채취 작업이 간편한 회전분할집수기를 제작하여 기존의 표준방법과 비교하였다. 농경지에서 유실되는 토양과 물을 일정 비율로 채취하기 위하여 집수기의 원형판을 8부분으로 분할하여 각 날개에 일정량의 물이나 토양이 채워지면 무게 중심이 아래로 이동하는 방법으로 소량의 물이나 토양에 의해 자체 회전하면서 시료 중 일부만 채취하도록 하였고, 집수기 자체의 각도를 기울여 각각의 날개에 채워진 유출수와 유실토양은 원형판이 가장 낮은곳에서 회전할 때 비워지도록 하였다. 회전분할집수기의 정밀도를 비교하기 위하여 실내실험으로 유수량을 $1{\sim}10L\;min^{-1}$로 조절하여 유출수량과 회전분할집수기의 채취량을 비교한 결과 고도의 직선적인 정의상관 ($r=0.997^{***}$)을 보였으며, 야외 시험포장에서 회전분할집수기 시제품을 설치하여 측정한 결과 집수비율은 토양 유실량 및 물 유출량이 많을수록 정밀도가 높았다.

• 한국농공학회지
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• 제20권3호
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• pp.4724-4731
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• 1978

Using hydrometric data from an upland river in North Wales, a relationship between rate of river flow and water stored within the catchment area (catchment storage) is assumed to exist, and is evaluated from an analysis of winter recession curves. This storage/river flow relationship, when combined with water balance equations, produces a set of equations which may be used for "routing" input of rainfall through a storage with defined outflow characteristics, providing a straightforward method of flood prediction and analysis from rainfall data. Recorded and predicted flood hydrographs are compared, and the effectiveness and limitations of the method are considered. The development of a complete mathematical model, embodying the storage/river flow relationship, and suitable for generation of continuous run-off records from rainfall and evaporation data, is also considered.

• 한국산림과학회지
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• 제77권3호
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• pp.269-275
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• 1988

황발산지(荒發山地)에서 야계수로(野溪水路)의 월류발생원인(越流發生原因)을 구명(究明)하기 위하여 1987년(年) 7월(月)3일(日)부터 7월(月)23일(日)까지 삼성천(三聖川)의 상류지역(上流地域)인 서울대학교(大學校) 부속(附屬) 관악수목원(冠岳樹木園)의 야계수로(野溪水路)를 대상(對象)으로 예상최대홍수류량(豫想最大洪水流量) 및 수로최대유출량(水路最大流出量)을 조사(調査)한 결과(結果)는 다음과 같다. 1. 측정지점(測定地點)에서의 유역면적(流域面積)은 477ha로 설계유역면적(設計流域面積) 410ha의 116%였다. 2. 관측분석(觀測分析)된 최대강우강도(最大降雨强度)는 설계최대강우강도(設計最大降雨强度) 100mm/hr와 거의 같은 99.5mm/hr였다. 3. 실측(實測)한 유출계수(流出係數)는 0.672로 설계유출계수(設計流出係數) 0.35의 약 2배로 나타났다. 4. 예상최대홍수류량(豫想最大洪水流量)은 설계예상최대홍수류량(設計豫想最大洪水流量) $39.9m^3/sec$의 222%인$88.59m^3/sec$였다. 5. 수로횡단면적(水路橫斷面積)을 조사(調査)한 결과(結果), 설계수로횡단면적(設計水路橫斷面積) $25.43m^2$의 68%인 $17.25m^2$을 얻었다. 6. 경심(徑深)은 0.94m로 설계경심(設計徑深) 1.28m 보다 작은 값을 나타내었다. 7. 평균계상(平均溪床)물매는 설계(設計)물매(1.00%)와 거의 같은 0.998%였다. 8. 수로최대평균유속(水路最大平均流速)은 2.87m/sec로 설계수로최대평균유속(設計水路最大平均流速) 3.68m/sec의 78%였다. 9. 수로최대유출용량(水路最大流出容量)을 산출(算出)한 바, 설계수로최대유출용량(設計水路最大流出容量) $93.58m^3/sec$의 53%인 $49.51m^3/sec$였다.

• 한국농공학회지
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• 제22권2호
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• pp.55-63
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• 1980

To study run-off characteristics in the small watersheds in Korea, investigations had been carried out for a period of 4 years from 1972 to 1975 in the sample watersheds. The samples were selected in four major river basins such as the Han River, the Keum River, the Nakdong River and the Yongsan River. Water levels and rainfall data had been. collected from each sample area where the measuring instruments were installed. The findings of this investigation can be summarized as follows; 1. With an average runoff rate of 60% in the sample watersheds, the average runoff rate. in each sample proved to be as below; the Han River Basin : 41.4% the Keum River Basin : 61.7% the Nakdong River Basin : 69.4% the Yong San River Basin : 69.2% 2. The base flow rate in the sample watersheds proved to be 8.1 mm/month. 3. A comparison of the runoff obtained from actual measurements made and that calculated by the Kaijyama formula showed that the latter is 9.1% lower than the former.

• 대한기계학회논문집B
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• 제35권6호
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• pp.617-624
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• 2011

본 연구에서는 사각용기 내에서의 자유표면을 갖는 2차원 슬로싱 문제에 대하여 고찰하였다. 용기 내부의 유동은 수평방향의 조화운동을 통해 형성되며, 외부 가진 속도는 u=Asin($2{\pi}ft$)으로 정의 된다. 여기서 u, A�� 그리고 f는 외부로부터 작용하는 가진 속도, 변위 그리고 주파수를 각각 나타낸다. 큰 변위(A~O(1)) 슬로싱 문제의 해석을 위한 실험설비를 구축하였으며, 광범위한 영역에서의 PIV실험을 수행하였다. 실험을 통해 자유표면의 움직임(motion)을 각각 서로 다른 물리적 특성을 갖는 세 가지; 선형 슬로싱의 자유표면의 움직임과 유사한 standing wave motion, 사각용기의 속도가 0을 지나는 순간(the moment of turn-over) 측벽에서 발생하는 run-up motion 그리고 측벽으로부터 내부유체로 점차적으로 전파되는 bore motion으로 분류하였다.

• 한국수자원학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국수자원학회 2015년도 학술발표회
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• pp.233-233
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• 2015

Vu Gia - Thu Bon basin is located in central Vietnam between Truong Son mountain range on the border with Lao in the west and the East Sea in the east. The basin occupies about 10,350 km2 or roughly 90% of the Quang Nam Province and includes Da Nang, a very large city with about 876,000 inhabitants. Total annual rainfall ranges from about 2,000 mm in central and downstream areas to more than 4,000 mm in southern mountainous areas. Rainfall during the monsoon season accounts for 65 to 80% of total annual rainfall. The highest amount of rainfall occurs in October and November which accounts for 40 to 50% of the annual rainfall. Rainfall in the dry season represents about 20 to 35% of the total annual rainfall. The low rainfall season usually occurs from February to April, accounting for only 3 to 5% of the total annual rainfall. The mean annual flow volume in the basin is $19.1{\times}109m 3$. Similar to the distribution of rainfall, annual flows are distinguished by two distinct seasons (the flood season and the low-flow season). The flood season commonly starts in the mid-September and ends in early January. Flows during the flood season account for 62 to 69% of the total annual water volume, while flows in the dry season comprise 22 to 38% of total annual run-off. The water volume gauged in November, the highest flow month, accounts for 26 to 31% of the total annual run-off while the driest period is April with flows of 2 to 3% of the total annual run-off. There are some hydropower projects in the Vu Gia - Thu Bon basin as the cascade of Song Bung 2, Song Bung 4, and Song Bung 5, the A Vuong project currently under construction, the Dak Mi 1 and Dak Mi 4 projects on the Khai tributary, and the Song Con project on the Con River. Both the Khai tributary and the Song Con join the Bung River downstream of SB5, although the Dak Mi 4 project involves an inter-basin diversion to Thu Bon. Much attention has recently been focused on the effects that climate variability and human activities have had on runoff. In this study, data from the Vu Gia - Thu Bon River Basin in the central of Viet Nam were analyzed to investigate changes in annual runoff during the period of 1977-2010. The nonparametric Mann-Kendall test and the Mann-Kendall-Sneyers test were used to identify trend and step change point in the annual runoff. It was found that the basin had a significant increasing trend in annual runoff. The hydrologic sensitivity analysis method was employed to evaluate the effects of climate variability and human activities on mean annual runoff for the human-induced period based on precipitation and potential evapotranspiration. This study quantitatively distinguishes the effects between climate variability and human activities on runoff, which can do duty for a reference for regional water resources assessment and management.

• 한국산림과학회지
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• 제107권1호
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• pp.108-111
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• 2018

토양 표면에 요면(굴곡)을 형성하는 것은 토양의 거칠기를 증가시켜 강우의 침투와 토양의 저류능력을 향상시키고 지표수 및 토사의 유실량을 감소시키는 효과적 방법이 될 수 있다. 이 연구에서 토양 표면에 형성된 요면의 모양이 지표수의 흐름에 반구형일 때 수평 및 수직형일 때보다 침투량이 많았고, 토양의 저류능력은 수직형 요면에서 높았다. 흙 파기, 또는 토양 표면의 요면 형성은 산림 토양에서 산불 발생 후 대책으로, 또 건기 때 가뭄 스트레스를 해소하는 실용적인 방법으로 활용될 수 있다.

• 산업기술연구
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• 제29권B호
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• pp.199-205
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• 2009

This study selected Naerin Stream, Inbuk Stream and Buk Stream, branch rivers of Soyang Dam, also area of highland agriculture as test sites and measured flow and water quality, particularly eutrophication factors (BOD, COD, T-N, and T-P) in precipitation season and non precipitation season for a year, 2008. Based on the result, the study examined the change in water quality in relation to flow, and created flow discharged - pollution loads regression line by estimating pollution loads flowed from each branch river. And the study calculated annual pollution discharge loads for unit area and proposed regression equation on it by using regression analysis.

• International Journal of Fluid Machinery and Systems
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• 제4권3호
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• pp.334-340
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• 2011

Turbo-pumps have weak points, such as the pumping operation is unstable on the positive slope of the head curve and/or the cavitation occurs at the low suction head. To improve simultaneously both weak points, the first author invented the unique pumping unit composed of the tandem impellers and the peculiar motor with the double rotational armatures. The front and the rear impellers are driven by the inner and the outer armatures of the motor, respectively. Both impeller speeds are automatically and smartly adjusted in response to the pumping discharge, while the rotational torques between both impellers/armatures are counter-balanced. Such speeds contribute to suppress successfully not only the unstable operation at the low discharge but also the cavitation at the high discharge, as verified with the axial flow type pumping unit in the previous paper. Continuously, this paper investigates experimentally the effects of the tandem impeller profiles on the pump performances and the rotational speeds against the discharge, using the impellers whose loads are low and/or high at the normal discharge. The worthy remarks are that (a) the unstable operation is suppressed as expected and the shut off power is scarcely large in the smart control, (b) the blade profile contributes to determine the discharge giving the maximum/minimum rotational speed where the reverse flow may incipiently appears at the front impeller inlet, (c) the tandem impeller profiles scarcely affect the rotational speeds, while the loads of the front and the rear impellers are same, but (d) the impeller with the low load must run faster and the impeller with the high load must run slower at the same discharge to take the same rotational torque, and (e) the reverse flow at the inlet and the swirling velocity component at the outlet of the front impeller with the high load require making the rotational speed of the rear impeller with low load fairly faster at the lower discharge.

• 한국농공학회논문집
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• 제57권5호
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• pp.113-122
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• 2015

This study aims to evaluate future stream flow by the operation of agricultural reservoir group at the upper stream of the Miho River. Four agricultural reservoirs with storage capacities greater than one million cubic meters within the watershed were selected, and the RCP 8.5 climate change scenario was applied to simulate reservoir water storage and stream flow assuming that there are no changes in greenhouse gas reduction. Reservoir operation scenarios were classified into four types depending on the supply of instream flow, and the water supply reliability of each reservoir in terms of water supply under different reservoir operation scenarios was analyzed. In addition, flow duration at the watershed outlet was evaluated. The results showed that the overall run-off ratio of the upper stream watershed of the Miho River will decrease in the future. The future water supply reliability of the reservoirs decreased even when they did not supply instream flow during their operation. It would also be difficult to supply instream flow during non-irrigation periods or throughout the year (January-December); however, operating the reservoir based on the operating rule curve should improve the water supply reliability. In particular, when instream flow was not supplied, high flow increased, and when it was supplied, abundant flow, ordinary flow, and low flow increased. Drought flow increased when instream flow was supplied throughout the year. Therefore, the operation of the agricultural reservoirs in accordance with the operating rule curve is expected to increase stream flow by controlling the water supply to cope with climate change.