• 제목/요약/키워드: Rubber Cord

검색결과 64건 처리시간 0.029초

공기압 근육 구동기의 유한요소 해석 및 성능시험 (Performance Test and Finite Element Analysis of Pneumatic Muscle Actuator)

  • 허신;배상규;김동수;김완두;홍성인
    • 대한기계학회논문집A
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    • 제30권6호
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    • pp.662-669
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    • 2006
  • The pneumatic muscle actuator consists of an air bellows tube with two end-flanges. The air bellows tube is made from rubber layers and flexible sheathing formed from nylon 6 fibers. This structure can be stretched or compressed to convert the radial expansive forces into contractile forces. We performed the finite element analysis and the performance test of pneumatic muscle actuator. Also, the pneumatic muscle actuator was manufactured and tested by home-made tester. The results of FEA was similar with performance test below the maximum error of 42 %.

New Evaluation and Test of Sidewall's Rotational Stiffness of Radial Tire

  • Kim Young-Woo;Kim Yong-Sung
    • Journal of Mechanical Science and Technology
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    • 제20권6호
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    • pp.748-758
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    • 2006
  • In this paper, we have revisited the estimation of the rotational stiffness of sidewall of radial tire and have suggested a new method for evaluation of the rotational stiffness. Since thicknesses, and volume fractions of the constituents of sidewall are varied depending on radial position, the equivalent shear modulus of the sidewall also depends on radial position. For the estimation of rotational stiffness of sidewall's rubber, we have divided its cross-section into sufficient numbers of small parts and have calculated the equivalent shear modulus of each part of sidewall. Using the shear moduli of divided parts, we have obtained the rotational stiffness by employing in-plane shear deformation theory. This method is expected to be a useful tool in tire design since it relates such basic variables to the global stillness of tire. Applying the calculation method to a radial tire of P205/60R15, we have compared its rotational stiffness with experimental one.

Tire 및 Tube의 품질보강(品質補强)에 관(關)한 연구(硏究) (제6보(第6報)) Tire 및 Tube의 시제(試製)에 의(依)한 이화학적(理化學的) 성능(性能) (Studies on the Quality Reinforcement for Pneumatic Tire and Tube (Part 6) Physical Properties of the Experimental Production of Tire and Tube)

  • 김준수;이명환;염홍찬;이진범;박창호;홍종명;임동호
    • Elastomers and Composites
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    • 제5권1호
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    • pp.62-68
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    • 1970
  • The physical properties of tire and tube products as a series of experiments have been studied and practical usage has been discussed. 1. The tensile strength and elongation of experimental production of tire and tube revealed better values than those found in requirements of military specification. 2. Adhesion of carcass plies with domestic and foregin cords showed good results in physical properties. 3. Tensile strength of carcass plies, tenacity of domestic cord and breaking energy of tire be exhibited good results.

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후두 삽관육아종 16례에 대한 임상적 고찰 (A clinical study on the 16 cases of intubation granuloma)

  • 김용신;김정은;차형근;장백암
    • 대한기관식도과학회:학술대회논문집
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    • 대한기관식도과학회 1993년도 제27차 학술대회 초록집
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    • pp.76-76
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    • 1993
  • 기관내 삽관은 전신마취 및 기도 확보를 위해 시행되어 왔으나, 이비인후과 영역의 합병증으로는 육아종 등이 유발될 수 있는 문제점을 안고 있다. 이에 저자들은 1982년부터 1992년까지 만 10년 동안 본원 이비인후과에서 경험한 16례에서 아래와 같은 결과를 얻었다. 1. 연령 분포는 20세에서 49세까지가 84% 로써 가장 많았으며 남녀 비는 1 : 7 로써 여성에서 호발 하였다. 2. 임상증상으로 애성 12례(75 %), 후두 이물감 3례(18 %), 호흡곤란 1례(6 %)이었다. 3. 발생 부위로는 양측성 6례(37 %), 일측성 10례(63 %)중 우측 7례(70 %), 좌측 3례(30 %)이었고 발생 장소는 피열연골 성대돌기 8례(50 %), 성대 후방1/3 부위 6례(37 %), 성대 중앙 부위 2례(12 %)이었다. 4. 과거력상 삽관후 임상 증상 발현 기간은 1 개월이내 7례(44 %)로 가장 많았으며 4 개월 이상은 없었다. 5. 과거력상 수술 종류 및 빈도수는 제왕절개술이 6례(37 %)로써 가장 많았다. 6. 평균삽관 시간은 2시간 5분 이었다. 7. 튜브재질은 모두 rubber tube 이었다. 8. 수술후 재발은 1례(6 %)이었다.

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플라즈마 고분자 코팅에 의한 강철 타이어 코드의 표면 개질 : 제2부. 타이어 코드의 분석 (Surface Modification of Steel Tire Cords via Plasma Etching and Plasma Polymerization Coating : Part II. Characterization)

  • 강현민;정경호;강신영;윤태호
    • Elastomers and Composites
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    • 제35권1호
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    • pp.63-70
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    • 2000
  • 아연 도금된 강철 타이어 코드의 접착성 향상을 위하여 아르곤 플라즈마로 에칭후 아세틸렌 또는 부타디엔 플라즈마 고분자 중합으로 코팅하였다. 플라즈마 고분자 중합은 10W, 30분, 30mTorr에서 실시하였으며, 아르곤 에칭은 90W, 30초, 30mTorr에서 실시하였다. 타이어 코드의 접착력은 TACT으로 측정하였으며, 파괴 표면을 주사전자현미경으로 분석하였다. 또한 플라즈마고분자로 코팅된 타이어 코드의 표면을 FT-IR, Alpha-step 및 접촉각 측정기로 분석하여 접착 메카니즘을 규명하고자 하였다.

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플라즈마 고분자 코팅에 의한 강철 타이어 코드의 표면 개질 : 제1부. 타이어 코드의 접착성 (Surface Modification of Steel Tire Cords via Plasma Etching and Plasma Polymer Coating : Part I. Adhesive properties)

  • 강현민;정경호;강신영;윤태호
    • Elastomers and Composites
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    • 제35권1호
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    • pp.53-62
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    • 2000
  • 아연 도금된 강철 타이어 코드를 아세틸렌 또는 부타디엔 가스를 이용한 플라즈마 고분자 중합으로 고무와의 접착성 향상을 위하여 코팅하였다. 플라즈마의 세기, 중합 시간 및 가스의 압력을 변화시키면서 플라즈마 고분자 중합을 실시하였으며, 아르곤 가스를 이용한 에칭도 실시하였다. 또한 플라즈마 중합시에 아르곤, 질소 또는 산소를 담체 가스로 사용하여 접착성 향상으로 도모하였으며, 접착성은 TACT 방법으로 측정하였다. 아르곤 에칭 (90W, 10min, 30mTorr) 후에 아르곤 가스를 (25/5 : 아세틸렌/아르곤) 담체로 사용하여 아세틸렌 플라즈마 중합 (10W, 30sec, 30mTorr)으로 코팅된 타이어 코드가 285N의 접착력으로 가장 좋은 결과를 보였으며, 이는 황동으로 코팅된 타이어 코드의 290N과 같은 수준의 접착력이다.

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플라즈마 중합에 의한 타이어 코드의 접착성 향상연구 (Enhanced Adhesion of Tire Cords via Plasma Polymerizations)

  • 김륜관;강현민;손봉영;한민현;윤태호
    • Elastomers and Composites
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    • 제34권2호
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    • pp.128-134
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    • 1999
  • 타이어 코드용 강철선을 RF 플라즈마를 이용한 acetylene 및 butadiene 가스의 플라즈마 중합으로 코팅하였으며, 타이어용 고무와의 접착력을 TCAT 또는 T-test로 측정하였다. 강철선의 접착력은 사용된 gas, plasma power, 코팅시간 및 가스 압력에 따라 측정하였으며, 플라즈마 중합에 앞서 Ar 플라즈마 에칭으로 타이어 코드를 세척하였다. 또한 $80^{\circ}C$의 증류수에서 7일간 노화시켜 접착력 저하를 고찰하였으며, 접착력 시험 후 타이어 코드 표면을 SEM으로 분석하여 파괴거동을 규명하고자 하였다. 가장 우수한 접착력은 acetylene의 경우 20W, 2분, 25mtorr에서, 그리고 butadiene의 경우는 l0W, 4분, 25mtorr에서 얻을 수 있었으며, Ar 에칭에 의한 접착력 변화는 없었다. 노화에 의한 접착력 저하는 없었으며, 도리어 증가하는 현상을 보였다. SEM 분석에서 강철선의 높은 거칠기와 플라즈마 코팅의 얇은 두께로 인하여 파괴거동 규명에는 한계가 있었다.

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TNBS로 유도된 흰쥐의 대장염(大腸炎)에 대한 노봉방(露蜂房) 약침(藥鍼)의 효과 (Herbal Acupuncture of Nidus Vespae Suppresses c-Fos Expression by TNBS Induced Colitis in Rats)

  • 송정방;김재효;김유리;박유리;안성훈;손인철
    • Korean Journal of Acupuncture
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    • 제26권4호
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    • pp.195-209
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    • 2009
  • Objectives : Transient inflammation has been demonstrated to alter visceral sensory function in animal models and acute mucosal inflammation may precede the manifestation of visceral hyperalgesia. Thus in this study we compared effects of herbal acupuncture of Nidus Vespae (NV) applied to the different acupoints in the acute colitis induced by trinitrobenzenesulphonic acid (TNBS) intracolonic injection in rats. Methods : In Male Sprague-Dawley rats, weighing 250 ~ 400 g, TNBS (5 mg/kg) was infused intrarectally through a silicon rubber catheter into the anus under isoflurane anaesthesia. Under general anesthesia, acupoints of LI4 (Hapkok), SI25 (Cheonchu), ST36 (Joksamni), BL25 (Daejangsu) were intramuscularly injected by NV. Expressions of cFos protein in the periaqueductal gray (PAG), locus coeruleus (LC), nucleus of solitary tract (Sol), and the 6th lumbar spinal cord (L6 s.c.) were observed at 24 hrs after TNBS induced colitis by immunohistochemistry. Results : The expression of c-Fos protein in L6 s.c., Sol, LC and PAG increased 24 hrs after TNBS injection into colorectum as compared to normal group. NV herbal acupuncture also inhibited the expression of c-Fos protein in Sol but not L6 s.c., LC, and PAG. NV to ST36 inhibited significantly the c-Fos expression in Sol and PAG. NV to ST25 inhibited the c-Fos protein expression all over the observation area. NV to BL25 showed the inhibitory effects in the areas except LC. Whether or not a role of endogenous opioids, intrathecal injection of naltrexone (30 ug / 30 ul) was applied before the 2nd herbal acupuncture treatment 24 hrs after TNBS-induced colitis in rat. Naltrexone reversed the inhibition of c-Fos protein expression in the spinal cord and brainstem under different conditions such as type of herbal acupuncture compound and choice of acupoint. Conclusions : In summary, these data show that herbal acupuncture of NV inhibits signal pathways such as spinal cord and brain stem ascending hypersensitivity of colorectum after TNBS induced colitis. This effect may be mediated by acupoints through the endogenous opioid system involving the pain modulation.

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Superimposed Rubber Pattern법에 의한 성인 정상 및 비정상 교합자의 교합 양상에 관한 연구 (A STUDY OF THE NORMAL & ABNORMAL OCCULSAL PATERNS IN ADULTS USING THE SUPERIMPOSED RUBBER PATTERN METHOD)

  • 최대균;이성복;권영혁;최부병
    • 대한치과보철학회지
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    • 제33권3호
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    • pp.467-491
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    • 1995
  • In order to analyze the occlusin of intercuspation with maximun bite force, fifteen healthy adult subjects with the ages 23 to 27 were studied(Group1 ; 5-normal occlusion with Angle's Class1, Group2 ; 5-Angle's Class2 malocclusion, Group3 ; 5-Angle’s Class3 malocclusion). Head Position was fixed with occlusal plane paralleling to horizontal line and occlusal registration r cord was made with polyether rubber impression material(Ramitec, ESPECo. West Germany). After all subject were trained for maximum intercuspation at least 5 times, occlusal registration procedure was repeated for this study. Lower posterior rubber occlusal registration records were sliced with 1mm thickness using precision metal sliding channel(Hitachi Ind. Co., Japan). Gross sectional drawings were traced from occluding view of upper and lower posterior teeth on the rubber slices using digitizer, and superimposed for the determination of each drawing distance(Superimposed Rubber Pattern Method). Based on superimposed rubber pattern drawings, total area of occlusal view, sum of each area of the 5 divided occlusal contact provinces and its ratio, total area and number of occlusal contact area were determined to elucidate occlusal stability in the normal and abnormal occlusion groups. The data were analysed by t-test(p=0.05) to determine statistical significance. The obtained results were as follows : 1. Group1 showed the largest standard area with occlusal view of the lower posterior teeth and Group3 showed the smallest area. There was a significant difference between Group2 and Group3(p=0.025), and Gropu1 was not statistically different for both Group2 and Group3. 2. Means and ratio of the under 2.0mm area(D) and ratio showed $197.49mm^2$, 59.76% in Group1, $188,69mm^2$, 56.10% in Group2, and $174.23mm^2$, 55.76% in Group3. The results that Group1 has the most area/ratio and Group3 has the least area/ratio can be considered Group1 is the most advantageous for masticatory effective area, and Group3 is the least adnantageous. 3. Means and ratio of the under 1.0mm area(C) were $198.96mm^2$, 42.65% in Group1, 123.06$mm^2$, 46.58% in Group2, and $92.24mm^2$, 29.52% in Group3. These data means that Group1 is the most advantageous in terms of masticatory effective area and Group3 is the least. 4. Means and ratio of the under 0.5mm area(B) were $86.68mm^2$, 26.68% in Group1, $62.98mm^2$, 18.71% in Group2, and $36.44mm^2$, 11.66% in Group3. These can also be considered Group1 is the most advantageous for masticatory effective area and occlusal stability. 5. Means and ratio of the under 0.05mm area(A) were $30.92mm^2$, 9.21% in Group1, $14.31mm^2$, 4.25% in Group2, and $7.59mm^2$, 2.43% in Group3. The area ratio of the each subject group was(4.1) : (1.9) : (1)and the data of the under 0.05mm area has the intimate relationship with inter-group and intra-group data/ratio. 6. First molar showed the most occlusal contact points in all subject group and Group1 showed somewhat uniformly distributed occlusal contact point except first premolar. In Group2, all contact point in posterior teeth showed significantly reduced distribution except first molar. Group3 showed evenly distributed contace points in first and second molars.

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폐타이어 고무분말과 코드-고무 스크랩을 이용한 철재 롤코일 선박운송용 Dunnage 안정성 해석 (Stability Analysis of Dunnage for Transportation of a Steel Roll Coil using Powder of Waste Tire and Cord-rubber Scrap)

  • 곽이구;김항우;한재호;김재열;김홍건
    • 한국공작기계학회논문집
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    • 제15권6호
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    • pp.22-31
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    • 2006
  • When ironwork, especially steel roll coil, is transported to customers, land transportation and sea transportation are usually used. To transport steel roll coil fast and safe without damaging it, it is necessary that the steel roll coil has to be in stable condition. These days, apitong, which is all imported from overseas, is being used to support the steel roll coil, but because of apitong's rigidity, it damages the coil and when the coil is damaged, it is hard to fix. Due to the fact that recovering damage of the coil is almost impossible, we have to find the new type of dunnage that can substitute the apitong. In this paper, the arrays and the kinds of reinforcements, and rectangular type and trapezoid of dunnage will be talked about. The phenomenon of rolling and the impact when the carrier start moving and stop will be talked about as well. Therefore, we are going to develop a dunnage that does not damage ironwork and has better recovery and softness than existing apitong dunnage.