• Spatial Information Research
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.83-91
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• 2011

The route finding analysis is an essential geo-related decision support tool in a LBS(Location based Services) and previous researches related to route guidance have been mainly focused on route guidances for vehicles. However, due to the recent spread of personal computing devices such as PDA, PMP and smart phone, route guidance for pedestrians have been increasingly in demand. The pedestrian route guidance is different from vehicle route guidance because pedestrians are affected more surrounding environment than vehicles. Therefore, pedestrian path finding needs considerations of factors affecting walking. This paper aimed to extract factors affecting walking and charting the factors for application factors affecting walking to pedestrian path finding. In this paper, we found various factors about environment of road for pedestrian and extract the factors affecting walking. Factors affecting walking consist of 4 categories traffic, sidewalk, network, safety facility. We calculated weights about each factor using analytic hierarchy process (AHP). Based on weights we calculated scores about each factor's attribute. The weight is maximum score of factor. These scores of factor are used to optimal pedestrian path finding as path finding cost with distance, accessibility.

• Journal of Korean Society of Transportation
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• v.28 no.5
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• pp.77-87
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• 2010

In the last five years, Korea has supplied many more bicycle facilities than in the last several decades combined. However, have bicyclists increased in proportion to investment? If bicyclists are avoiding existing bicycle related facilities, including off-road bicycle facilities, it could be because suppliers did not consider bicyclists' preferences in their planning process. In this paper, the authors tried to understand the bicyclists' behavioral and route choice characteristics using stated preference surveys and a logit model, using commuting time in Daejeon Metropolitan City, Korea. The results show that nine factors affect the route choice behavior of bicyclists. In particular, bicyclists preferred sub-arterial roads to off-road, dedicated bicycle facilities in residential area. It means that bicyclists like a seamless bicycle route and that a buffer zone between car lanes and bicycle lanes or 50 km/h speed limits for cars are necessary for bicycle lanes that are not physical separated.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• v.14 no.5 s.52
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• pp.236-244
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• 2005

This study investigates the effects of the spatial elements of the mulit-purpose commercial complex on visitors' circulation pattern and wayfinding by employing method of space syntax, observation, and interview survey. Two commercial complexes were investigated; Techno-mart represented a vertical type and COEX mall rendered a horizontal one. Analysis of the spatial elements using space-syntax method provided a base line for comparing analyses by the two other methods. Analysis of the interview additionally survey identified the factors affecting wayfinding behavior and contributing satisfaction. The findings suggest that level of the effects of the spatial configuration on visitors' circulation pattern is greater in Techno-mart(vertically oriented) than COEX(horizontally). In COEX, for instance, specific route that connects sub-way station and cinema complex carries far more traffic than main route, even though the main route indicates higher degree of integration of spatial configuration. Similar with observation, the degree of integration is corresponding with the satisfaction and easiness of wayfinding behavior In COEX, specific place and feature seem to have more effects on visitors' wayfinding behavior and circulation pattern than the level of integration of spatial configuration.

• Journal of the Korea Society for Simulation
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• v.18 no.4
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• pp.175-184
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• 2009

The distance of sensor nodes is an important factor in having influence on capability of networks in underwater acoustic sensor networks. Our proposed scheme is to establish an efficient distance to design a route of communication in underwater environment and it proposes a Level scheme that the areas divided by transmit/receive distance in network are given different levels. Our proposed scheme is pursued research to maintain a established route and maximize an energy efficiency. The established route will have fluid modification by an internal and external factors and it will construct more robust underwater sensor networks over our proposed multiple path configuration scheme.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Surveying, Geodesy, Photogrammetry and Cartography
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• v.37 no.5
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• pp.303-313
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• 2019

After a disaster happens in urban areas, many people need support for a quick evacuation. This work aims to develop a method for the calculation of the most feasible evacuation route inside buildings. In the methodology we simplify the geometry of the structural and non structural elements from the BIM (Building Information Modeling) to store them in a spatial database which follows standards to support vector data. Then, we apply the multicriteria analysis with the allocation of prioritization values and weight factors validated through the AHP (Analytic Hierarchy Process), in order to obtain the Importance Index S(n) of the elements. The criteria consider security conditions and distribution of the building's facilities. The S(n) is included as additional heuristic data for the calculation of the evacuation route through an algorithm developed as a variant of the $A^*$ pathfinding, The experimental results in the simulation of evacuation scenarios for vulnerable people in healthy physical conditions and for the elderly group, shown that the conditions about the wide of routes, restricted areas, vulnerable elements, floor roughness and location of facilities in the building applied in the multicriteria analysis has a high influence on the processing of the developed variant of $A^*$ algorithm. The criteria modify the evacuation route, because they considers as the most feasible route, the safest instead of the shortest, for the simulation of evacuation scenarios for people in healthy physical conditions. Likewise, they consider the route with the location of facilities for the movement of the elderly like the most feasible in the simulation of evacuation route for the transit of the elderly group. These results are important for the assessment of the decision makers to select between the shortest or safest route like the feasible for search and rescue activities.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• v.17 no.10
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• pp.2609-2626
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• 2023

The hotel industry is an example of experiential services. As consumers cannot fully evaluate the online review content and quality of their services before booking, they must rely on several online reviews to reduce their perceived risks. However, individuals face information overload owing to the explosion of online reviews. Therefore, consumer cognitive fluency is an individual's subjective experience of the difficulty in processing information. Information complexity influences the receiver's attitude, behavior, and purchase decisions. Individuals who cannot process complex information rely on the peripheral route, whereas those who can process more information prefer the central route. This study further discusses the influence of the complexity of review information on hotel ratings using online attraction review data retrieved from TripAdvisor.com. This study conducts a two-level empirical analysis to explore the factors that affect review value. First, in the Peripheral Route model, we introduce a negative binomial regression model to examine the impact of intuitive and straightforward information on hotel ratings. In the Central Route model, we use a Tobit regression model with expert reviews as moderator variables to analyze the impact of complex information on hotel ratings. According to the analysis, five-star and budget hotels have different effects on hotel ratings. These findings have immediate implications for hotel managers in terms of better identifying potentially valuable reviews.

• The KIPS Transactions:PartC
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• v.9C no.1
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• pp.141-148
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• 2002

In this paper, we study the various performance of Distributed QoS Routing according to how many level of routing table information in router. And we study Flooding and recently proposed 2-level forwarding, and compare with performance of implicit 3-level forwarding. Performance factors are message overhead that is generated on Distributed QoS Routing and Route Setup success Rate, Connection blocking rate, Network Utilization. They can decide the accuracy of routing information in rouser. Our simulation shows that more level of routing table information have, lower message overhead generate but lower performance at other factors because of inaccuracy of routing information.

• Proceedings of the KSR Conference
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• 2001.10a
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• pp.398-403
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• 2001

Since the urban subway is normally constructed under the groundwater level, the drainage system will be one of the most important factors during maintenance period. Therefore, to investigate suitability of the design approach and the construction specification, the inflow and the contents of the groundwater in the Route 5 of Seoul subway system are analysed. From these, the possibility of the design improvement and the economy of the maintenance cost are proposed.

• The Journal of The Korea Institute of Intelligent Transport Systems
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.47-65
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• 2014

VMS(Variable Message Sign) helps drivers to choose their path to destinations on roadways. Some types of VMS often provide traffic information with clearly visible and comprehensible graphical route diagrams. Currently many diagramed types of VMS are installed on urban arterial and highways. This type of VMS surely enhances drivers' ability to comprehend traffic route information while they are driving on the roadway. Nevertheless, some of them are presented with so much information and design elements and they sometimes lead to decline of drivers' comprehensible level for traffic information. Drivers would fail to decide their preferable route in this state of information overflow. The purpose of this paper is to develop a drivers preference model for effective design principle including size and height of displaying font, and the amount of information in the route diagram considering driving speed, sex and age of the driver. This model is developed using structural equation modeling techniques. This model considers driver's emotional factor and, human factor and design component of route diagram. To collect data, we built driving simulator which is able to replicate real driving condition. 72 people who participated in the simulation were selected considering gender and age. The developed model showed that the amount of information, and visibility are more influential factors to the drivers' preference of the route diagram on VMS than design elements such as the shape and the font of the diagram.

• Journal of Korean Society of Transportation
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• v.29 no.6
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• pp.7-16
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• 2011

This study investigates the degree of dependency on freeways when auto travelers make route choices in the Seoul Metropolitan Area. The investigation is conducted based on aggregated auto trip data, defining the degree of dependency as the proportion of auto trips selecting freeways in their travel paths. The analyses reveal that the trips departing from the areas with higher accessibility to freeways tend to exhibit higher dependency on freeways. In addition, the dependency is significantly affected by the travel time differences between two paths including and excluding freeways, respectively. The number of service interchanges was found to be one of significant factors for trips to Incheon and Gyenggi areas. The finding indicates that the factors affecting the degree of dependency on freeways may vary depending on the areas' characteristics. The findings would enhance the understanding of drivers' route choice behavior in Seoul at an aggregate level.