• Journal of Welding and Joining
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• 제16권6호
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• pp.68-76
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• 1998

A CCD camera with a laser stripe was applied to realized the automatic weld seam tracking. The 3-dimensional information obtained from the vision system made it possible to generate the weld torch path. The adaptive Hough transformation was used to extract laser stripes an to obtain specific weld points. It takes relatively long time to process image on-line control using the basic control using the basic Hough transformation, but it has a tendency of robustness over the noises such as spatter. For this reason, it was complemented with adaptive Hough transformation to have an on-line processing ability for scanning specific weld points. The dead zone, where the sensing of weld line is impossible, was eliminated by rotating the camera with its rotating axis centered at the weld torch. When weld lines were detected, the camera angle was controlled in order to get the minimum image data for sensing of weld lines. Consequently, the image processing time was reduced.

• 소음진동
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• 제6권3호
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• pp.341-347
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• 1996

진동해석을 이용한 기계계통의 진단에는 시간영역(time domain)에서의 해석 과 FFT(Fast Fourier Transform)를 이용한 주파수영역(frequency domain)에서의 해석 을 생각할 수 있다. 이중 FFT 방법은 고속연산기의 출현과 물리적인 이해의 편이성 등오로 인하여 널리 사용되고 있으나, 시간 함수인 비정상 상태신호(nonstationary signal)의 경우는 주파수영역 해석만으로는 물리적 이해를 구하는데는 한계가 있다. 그래서, 최근 신호처리기법 분야에서는 주파수영역 해석과 시간영역 해석을 보완적 으로 표현할 수 있는 기간-주파수영역 해석기법에 많은 연구가 진행되고 있다. 그중 대표적인 신호처리 기법은 Wigner-Ville Distribution이며, 특히 본 Wigner-Ville Distribution은 많은 물리적 의미를 갖고 있어 주요 연구 대상이며, 많은 응용분야 를 갖고 있다. 그러나, 기계계통중 회전체의 진동신호을 분석하여 고장 진단 및 감시를 용이하기 위해서는 새로운 형태의 시간.주파수영역 해석기법이 필요하다. 본 논문에서는 회전체의 진동신호 분석이 용이하도록 물리적인 의미와 응용상에 중점을 둔 방향서 Wigner-Ville 분포라는 시간-주파수 분석기법을 제안하였고, 회전체를 이용한 실험을 실시하였다. 그 결과 제안된 방향성 Wigner-Ville Distribution은 회전체 진동신호를 시간-주파수 영역에서 잘 표현하고 있으며, 특히 회전체의 수직 및 수평방향 진동신호로 부터 얻어지는 방향성 Wigner-Ville Distribution은 각 주파수 성분의 방향성 정보를 갖고 있어 이를 회전체의 고장 진단 및 감시에 이용 하였다.

• 한국철도학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국철도학회 2007년도 추계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.903-912
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• 2007

Faults of rotating parts of a train normally generate unexpected frequency band or impulsive sound[1] which has a period when it moves with a constant speed. The former can be detected by the moving frame acoustic holography method, which visualizes sound field that is generated by a moving and emitting pure tone or band limited noise source. We have attempted to apply the method to the latter case: the periodic impulsive sound which generate different signal compared with what can be measured by the band limited noise. The signal to noise ratio which determines the success of early fault detection must also be studied with the impulsive and moving signal. This research shows how the problems related with these issues can be resolved. The main idea is that periodic impulsive signal can be expressed by infinite set of discrete pure tones. This enables us to obtain lots of holograms that visualize periodic impulsive sound field including noise by using the moving frame acoustic holography method. Therefore holograms can be averaged to improve the signal to noise ratio until having reliable information that exhibits where the impulsive sources are. Theory and experiment by using the miniature vehicle are described [Work supported by BK21 & KRRI].

• 대한전기학회논문지:전기물성ㆍ응용부문C
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• 제54권2호
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• pp.69-75
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• 2005

In order to improve the reliability of high voltage rotating machines and mold transformers, it is necessary to understand the breakdown mechanism and life assessment of the high voltage winding parts. Especially the on-line PD test provides the ability to monitor effects, such as slot discharge, internal discharge, and end-winding discharge without interrupting the electrical machines, this method has been proven the major testing technology. Capacitive couplers have been the most widely used sensors for the on-line partial discharge detection in rotating machines nowadays. This paper deals with the electrical characteristics and long-term reliability of a ceramic coupler(CC), which can be easily mounted into high voltage input terminal part, has been developed and tested to continuously measure PD activity during operating condition. This paper presents electrical characteristics (dielectric loss angle, capacitance, PD inception level, breakdown voltage, and frequency response bandwidth) and long-term life test result of the developed 6.6 kV class on-line ceramic coupling sensor. It was found that this sensor had good electrical characteristics to detect PD activity during the operating condition with its detection frequency band is between several and several tens MHz. Also, the voltage life of the 6.6kV class ceramic coupler was calculated over 60 years.

• International Journal of Fuzzy Logic and Intelligent Systems
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• 제9권3호
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• pp.178-184
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• 2009

An efficient fault diagnosis system is needed for industry because it can optimize the resources management and improve the performance of the system. In this study, a fault diagnostic system is proposed for rotating machine using wavelet packet transform (WPT) and elman neural network (ENN) techniques. In most fault diagnosis for mechanical systems, WPT is a well-known signal processing technique for fault detection and identification. In previous work, WPT can improve the continuous wavelet transform (CWT) used over a longer computing time and huge operand. It can also solve the frequency-band disagreement by discrete wavelet transform (DWT) only breaking up the approximation version. In the experimental work, the extracted features from the WPT are used as inputs in an Elman neural network. The results show that the scheme can reliably diagnose four different conditions and can be considered as an improvement of previous works in this field.

• 조명전기설비학회논문지
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.59-69
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• 2001

본 논문에서는 압연공정에서 편심을 검출하고 편심의 원인을 진단할 수 있는 알고리즘을 제안한다. 설계된 기법은 대부분의 압연공정에 이미 설치되어 있는 로드셀과 타코메타의 출력 신호만을 사용하며, 추가적인 센서를 필요로 하지 않는다. 편심 신호의 검출은 중심주파수가 회전속도에 따라 변화하는 6개의 디지털 대역 통과 필터의 출력을 조합하여 이루어진다. 추출된 편심 관련 데이터로부터 편심의 원인을 진단하는 기능은 적절한 변수를 정의하여 구현되었다. 모의 실험은 세 가지 경우에 대해 행해졌는데, 롤의 일부분이 마모된 경우, 회전축이 롤의 중심과 일치하지 않는 경우 및 두 가지 원인이 복합된 경우 등이다. 모의 실험 결과는 제안된 알고리즘에 의해 모든 경우에 편심의 진단이 가능함을 보여준다.

• 한국해양공학회지
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• 제25권6호
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• pp.49-55
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• 2011

In order to analyze feasibility of replacing a conventional 6-mm Ti bar with a 5-mm bar, a series of rotating bending fatigue tests were carried out on Ti-6Al-4V bars by strengthening the fatigue performance using a special technique called UNSM (Ultrasonic Nanocrystal Surface Modification). The results of S-N curves clearly showed that the performance of the 5-mm titanium specimen was similar to that of the 6-mm specimen when the UNSM treatment was applied. The 5-mm treated specimen converged with small scattering band into the linear line of the non-treated 6-mm one. Below the fatigue life of $10^5$ cycles, the UNSM treatment did not show any significant superiority in the bending stress and fatigue life. However, over the fatigue life of $10^5$ cycles, the effect of UNSM was superior for each fatigue life, and the bending stress became longer and higher than that of the untreated one. In the case of 6-mm Ti-bar with UNSM, the fatigue limit was about 592 MPa, and there was fatigue strength increase of about 30.7% at the fatigue life of $10^4$ cycles compared to the untreated 6-mm bar. Therefore, the compressive residual stress made by the UNSM in Ti-6Al-4V increased the fatigue strength by more than 30%.

• 한국전자파학회논문지
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• 제27권4호
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• pp.358-368
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• 2016

본 논문에서는 카세그레인 안테나에서 기계적인 빔 조향을 위해 주반사판 기울임 방식에서 반사판의 기울임에 의한 빔 조향 특성을 분석하였으며, 안테나 회전방식에서 사용하기 위한 안테나를 설계하고, 그 성능을 측정하였다. 설계된 카세그레인 안테나는 W-대역에서 동작하며, 주반사판 및 부반사판의 크기 및 구조변수에 따른 안테나의 특성 변화를 분석하여 목표성능을 만족하는 설계변수를 도출하였다. 제작된 안테나는 W-대역에서 이득은 42.08 dBi, 빔폭은 E,H-plane에서 각각 $1.32^{\circ}$, $1.14^{\circ}$이며, 반사손실($S_{11}$)의 경우 중심주파수인 94 GHz에서 -23.58 dB이다.

• Journal of electromagnetic engineering and science
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• 제18권2호
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• pp.78-87
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• 2018

This paper describes specular reflectance measurements of dielectric plates in three waveguide frequency bands: D-band (110-170 GHz), G-band (140-220 GHz), and J-band (220-325 GHz). The transmit (Tx) part of the proposed specular reflectance measurement system is stationary, while the receive (Rx) part and the material under test (MUT) holder are concentric-rotating with a 2:1 speed ratio for specular reflectance measurements. In specular reflectance measurements, the first step measures the specular reflection coefficients of an MUT and a metal plate on the MUT holder located at the center of the Tx and Rx parts, and the second step calculates the specular reflectance defined by the specular reflection power (i.e., intensity) of the MUT normalized to that of the metal plate. Multiple reflection effects between the Tx and Rx antennas and the MUT on the measured specular reflectance are minimized by averaging out the multiple specular reflectances measured with changing the separation distance between the two antennas by ${\lambda}/8$ intervals. Measurement results of the perpendicular-polarized specular reflectance of commonly used dielectric plates are verified by comparing those with the analytic results and show that the results measured over the overlapped frequency range of the D-/G-bands and at the boundary frequency of the G-/J-bands agree well with the results for the other band, respectively.

• 한국소음진동공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국소음진동공학회 2012년도 춘계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.851-856
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• 2012

Automotive turbochargers have become common in gasoline engines as well as diesel engines. They are excellent devices to effectively increase fuel efficiency and power of the engines, but they unfortunately cause several noise problems. The noises are classified into mechanical noises induced from movement of a rotating shaft and aerodynamic noises by air flow in turbochargers. The mechanical noises are whine and howling noises, and the aerodynamic noises are BPF (blade-passing frequency), pulsation, surge, some special frequency noises. These noises are bothering passengers because their levels are higher or their frequencies are clearly separated from engine or vehicle noises. The noise investigated in this paper is a BPF noise induced by compressor wheels, whose frequency is the multiplication of the number of compressor wheel blades and its rotational speed. The noise is strongly dependent upon the geometry of wheels and the number of blades. This study tried to apply a groove close to the inlet side of compressor wheels in order to reduce the BPF noise. The groove has successfully reduced the noise of narrow band frequency of a turbocharger. It shows that the groove could reduce the wide band frequency noise, the compressor BPF noise with a best shape of the groove.