• Journal of Biosystems Engineering
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• v.26 no.5
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• pp.423-430
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• 2001

The purpose of this study is to develop high-speed rotary tillage system for a power tiller by improving the rotary blade and the power train of transmission. Mechanical structure of gear train of rotary drive of conventional power tiller was simplified so that power can be transmitted directly from second shaft to tilling speed change shaft by rotating freely the transfer gear which changes the direction of rotation of shafts using needle bearing installed into middle shaft. A new gear train suitable for the single-edged rotary blade and high-speed rotary drive was developed with the rotational speed of rotary shaft faster than 7.5% at 1st-speed and 1.4% at 2nd-speed the one of conventional system by changing the numbers of teeth of gears of middle shaft, tilling speed change shaft and PTO shaft. Using the developed gear train for high-speed rotary drive, field tests were performed to compare tillage performances by the developed single-edged blade and by the conventional double-edged blade. The results showed that the performances by the single-edged blade compared with the one by the double-edged blade was improved about 18% in field capacity, about 34% in fuel consumption, and 9.4% in soil crushing ratio. Therefore, it may be concluded that tillage performance by the single-edged blade was improved compared to the one by the conventional blade. Evaluation of the developed system consisting of single-edged blade and gear train for high-speed rotary drive in field revealed that tillage performance of the developed system was similar to the one of field test conducted using the system consisting of single-edged blade and gear train for rotary drive of conventional power tiller However, considering the higher cone index of the upland field where evaluation was carried out compare to the one of the ordinary paddy field, it may be concluded that tillage performance of the developed rotary tilling system better than the one of conventional system.

• Journal of Animal Environmental Science
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.21-28
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• 1998

This study was carried out to estimate the economic impacts on operation cost and curtail the bulking agent between two kinds of plants in swine farms. Bulking agents and Plants have a variety of roles in the fields of the composting for livestock manure and also represent an economic problem in terms of plant operation costs and compost production. Two farms which have rotary(size of reactor : 10${\times}$35${\times}$1.5m) or bucket(size of reactor : 10${\times}$68${\times}$2m) plants were used for 24 weeks for bucket conveyor system, which are composed of refilling rice hull as a bulking agent every 3 weeks till decreasing volume, for 4 weeks for rotary conveyor system, which has continuous compost production system without refilling rice hull, respectively. Composts was produced in 24 weeks in the bucket conveyor system, in 4 weeks in the rotary conveyor system, respectively. The results are as follows : 1. The tissue change of Rice hull at the composts of 45 days pursuant to composting steps was more crumbling in bucket conveyor system than in rotary conveyor system. 2. Microbial counts of the final composts for safety and quality showed that total bacteria counts was 1.01${\times}$108 cfu/g in bucket conveyor system, 2.82${\times}$108 cfu/g in rotary conveyor system, Salmonella was 0.3${\times}$102 cfu/g in bucket conveyor system, 7.6${\times}$102 cfu/g in rotary conveyor system, colifom bacteria was 0.5${\times}$106 cfu/g in bucket conveyor system, 1.5${\times}$106cfu/g in rotary conveyor system, fungi 1.24${\times}$106 cfu/g in bucket conveyor system, 0.01${\times}$106 cfu/g in rotary conveyor system, respectively. However, Any system used in this trial could not be met the regulation of A grade compost of EPA and USA. 3. C:N ratio according to the composting was more rapidly changed in bucket conveyor system with 64.5 of 5 days compost to 25.4 of final products than in rotary conveyor system with 26.7 of 5 days compost to 25.9 of final products. 4. Based on the mechanical characteristics of plants used in trial and compared with Rotary conveyor system, the Bucket conveyor system in which has 0.72 ㎥/㎥ of bulking agent capacity per slurry could be curtailed 1.78 ㎥of rice hull for disposal of waste, 1㎥. It was proper facilities to produce composts quantitative in Rotary conveyor system, and to treat waste quantitative and obtain good results in compost quality in Bucket conveyor system.

• Journal of Advanced Marine Engineering and Technology
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.244-251
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• 1999

Large dynamic loads act on the rotor in rotary compressors. There are unbalance forces due to eccentric rotation parts and gas forces induced by the pressure difference between compression and suction gases. Rotor-journal bearing system is nonlinear since the stiffness and damping coef-ficients of the lubrication oil film are not constant in the bearings. in this paper the program for predicting the behaviors of rotor-journal bearing system of rotary compressor is developed. Finite element modeling is used to analyze the flexible rotor. The numerical results are compared with experimental results.

• Tribology and Lubricants
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• v.12 no.4
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• pp.43-51
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• 1996

Rapid increase of refrigeration & air-conditioning system (r & a system) in modem industries brings attention to the urgency of research & development as a core technology in the area. And it is required to the compatibility problem of r & a system to alternative refrigerant for the protection of environment. Then, it is requested to study the lubrication characteristics of refrigerant compressor which is the core technology in the r & a system. The study of lubrication characteristics in the critical sliding component is essential for the design of refrigerant compressor. Therefore, theoretical investigation of the lubrication characteristics of rotary compressor for r & a system is studied. The Runge-Kutta method is used for the analysis of the behavior of rolling piston in the rotary compressor. The results show that the rotating speed of shaft and the discharge pressure have an important effect upon the angular velocity of the rolling piston. This results give important basic data for the further lubrication analysis and design of the rotary compressor.

• The Journal of Korea Robotics Society
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• v.5 no.2
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• pp.160-168
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• 2010

In order to achieve a force controller with high performance, an accurate torque servo is required. However, the precise torque servo for a double vane rotary actuator system has not been developed till now, due to many nonlinear characteristics and system parameter variations. In this paper, the torque servo structure for the double vane rotary actuator system is proposed based on the torque model. Nonlinear equations are set up using dynamics of the double vane rotary hydraulic actuator system. Then, to derive the torque model, the nonlinear equations are linearized using a taylor series expansion. Both effectiveness and performance of the design of torque servo are verified by torque servo experiments and applying the suggested torque model to an impedance controller.

• Journal of Power System Engineering
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.36-40
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• 2006

In order to prevent the environmental pollution, the dryers are commonly used to treat sludge that one of sewages is polluting the quality of water. Generally, the drying method is various as to the property of material and use. Rotary dryer is a good apparatus to treat them. It is the way that is to make substance transmission and heat using hot air between sludge particle and heated gas. In this paper, we developed a 3-pass rotary dryer for a design program for the 3-pass rotary dryer with various conditions. The working conditions of dryer are a raw sludge feed rate, input & output water content and operation time etc.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Agricultural Machinery Conference
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• 1993.10a
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• pp.277-283
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• 1993

The model of rotary tillers under side loads established here is statically in determinate system. By means of FEM method, the deformation of side gearbox and right side board are calculated. Therefore the side deformations of rotary tillers under different lateral loads are discussed systematically. The results show that the rotary tiller system would bear the loads and deform unequally. Author's calculation also indicates that the lateral deforming values of right side board and side gearbox are almost the same, and more than 98% of the loads is born by the side.

• Journal of the Korea Safety Management & Science
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• v.11 no.3
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• pp.87-94
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• 2009

Today's driver information system often features a rotary control type as a main controller for menu navigation. Population stereotype should be clearly understood in designing those systems to minimize the misunderstanding by the operator. This paper investigates stereotypes for rotary controlled menu interfaces and influences of contributing principles. A human factors experiment was conducted using various configurations of control-display layouts, cursor shapes/positions, and movement directions. The results showed that the control should be on the left of the display, with a rightward icon on the right side of the cursor, in order to match the stereotype. Regression analysis indicated that Warrick's principle was the most influential principle, followed by Icon shape, Icon position, Clockwise away, and Clockwise up principles. This study provides valuable information to designers of menu-based systems such as driver information systems and main control rooms that uses rotary controls.

• Journal of ILASS-Korea
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• v.6 no.4
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• pp.14-21
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• 2001

Rotary atomizer is widely used in practical application ranging from combustion, cooling, spray drying, agriculture, chemical system. Rotary cup atomizer has some advantages such as extreme versatility and liquid atomization successfully varying widely in viscosity. In rotary atomization, the feed liquid is centrifugally accelerated to high velocity and the liquid extends over the rotating surface as a thin film before being discharged into an atmosphere. The degree of rotary atomization depends upon peripheral speed, feed rate, liquid properties and atomizer design. An important asset is that thickness and uniformity of the liquid sheet can readily be controlled by regulating the liquid flow rate and the rotational speed. LDPA(Laser Diffraction Particle Analyser) and image aquisition system are used to measure drop size distribution and spray pattern. The atomization characteristics of the rotary cup atomizer is investigated experimentally by varing the liquid feed rate, rotary cup speed and air velocity for atomization. As a results, the effect of air velocity on the atomization characteristics such as drop size and spray uniformity is considerably greater than variation of those with liquid feed rate.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Manufacturing Technology Engineers
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• v.22 no.5
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• pp.837-844
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• 2013

This study performs erection of a pendulum hanging at a free end of an arm by rotating the arm to the upright position. A mathematical model of a rotary inverted pendulum system (RIPS) is derived. A brain emotional learning based intelligent controller (BELBIC) is designed and used as a controller for swinging up and balancing the pendulum of the RIPS. In simulations performed in the study, a pendulum is initially inclined at $45^{\circ}$ with respect to the upright position. A simulation is also performed for evaluating the adaptiveness of the designed BELBIC in the case of system variation. In addition, a simulation is performed for evaluating the robustness of the designed BELBIC against a disturbance in the control input.