• Plant Resources
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• v.6 no.3
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• pp.183-187
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• 2003

Two kinds of Angelica belong to Umbelliferae collected, the one is Angelica gigas that is inhabitant in Korea and the other is Angelica acutiloba that is indigenous in Japan at the field of Snyder Research and Extension Farm Rutgers University, New Jersey and was analyszed by GC and GC/MS. The composition of the essential oil of the different aerial parts of the Angelica has been studied. The oil yields obtained upon hydrodistillation were 0.18% (v/w) in Korean Angelica and 0.44% (v/w) in Japanese Angelica on dry root weight basis. By the growing stage in the Rutgers greenhouse condition, leaf and root of essential oil content a little decreased on 9 months later than 4 months later except for Angelica gigas leaf. Both of Angelica showed that amounts of essential oil content presented in order of leaf > petiole > root according to different plant part. The analysis of the essential oil from Angelica root led to the identification of 14 constituents totaling 64% in Korean Angelica and 13 constituents totaling 68% in Japanese Angelica. The major constituents of the Angelica root essential oil were ligustilide (47 %) and gamma terpi (14 %) in Korean Angelica, and alpha pinei (32 %) and nonane (25 %) in Japanese Angelica

• The Journal of Korean Medicine
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• v.32 no.1
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• pp.141-150
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• 2011

Objectives: The aim of this study was to elucidate the antioxidant effect of solvent fractions of Angelica gigas root. Methods: The ethanol extract of Angelica gigas root was suspended in water and then partitioned with dichloromethane (MC Fr.), ethyl acetate (EA Fr.) and butanol (BuOH Fr.), sequentially. The antioxidant activities of solvent fractions of Angelica gigas root were evaluated for radical scavenging activity against stable free radicals (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) DPPH, hydrogen peroxide and superoxide anion radicals. In addition the antioxidant activities of solvent fractions of Angelica gigas root against peroxyl radicals, hydroxyl radicals and peroxynitrites were determined by the total oxy-radical scavenging capacity (TOSC) assay. Results: Among the solvent fractions of MC Fr., EA Fr., and BuOH Fr., BuOH Fr. was found to have stronger antioxidant activity with $IC_{50}$ values of 59.72, 14.36, 30.96 and $44.75\;{\mu}g/m{\ell}$ on the DPPH radical, nitrite, superoxide anion and hydrogen peroxide, respectively, than BHA used as a positive control. Moreover, specific TOSC values(564.8, 276.4 and 405.5 TOSC/mM) of BuOH fr. against peroxyl radicals, hydroxyl radical and peroxynitrite were 4 times higher than GSH (136.5, 67.4 102.6 TOSC/mM) used as a positive control. Conclusions: These results suggest that the BuOH fr. of Angelica gigas root has a high antioxidant activity and can be useful to develop functional food against oxidative stress conditions.

• The Korea Journal of Herbology
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• v.35 no.4
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• pp.1-8
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• 2020

Objectives : Angelicae gigas, A. sinensis and A. acutiloba are three types of plants used as Angelicae Radix (Dang-Gui). Many doctors of Korean medicine want to know the difference in clinical use of these three species. This study aimed to compare the hemoglobin-related activity of the extracts of Angelicae gigas, A. sinensis and A. acutiloba roots by measuring the intensity of binding oxygen to hemoglobin using Raman spectroscopy. Methods : Hemoglobin activity was measured by chemical analysis and Raman spectroscopy to compare the pharmaceutical efficacy of three Angelica root extracts. The oxygenated hemoglobin intensity, blood decursinol and acetylcholinestrase(AChE) concentration in mice were measured. In addition, the effects of three Angelica root extracts on oxygenated hemoglobin intensity, decursinol and AChE concentration in red blood cells (RBC) from human were also investigated. Results : The contents of decursin, decursinol and decursinol angelate, which affected physiological activity and RBC properties, were higher in the extract of A. gigas root than in those of A. sinensis and A. acutiloba roots. Moreover, oxygenated hemoglobin intensity in the A. gigas extract was higher than that of other two species in the blood of mice and human RBCs. Also, the blood decursinol and AChE concentrations of A. gigas root extract were higher than that of A. sinensis and A. acutiloba roots. Conclusions : These results suggest that A. gigas is more effective in treating disease related oxygen deficiency in RBC deformation under oxidative stress.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.5 no.2
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• pp.105-109
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• 1995

Anticancer activity of a fraction of the ethanol extract from the root of Korean angelica (Angelica gigas Nakai) was recognized in human cancer cell lines HeLa $S_3$, K-562, and Hep $G_2$. The extract blocked the phorbol ester-inducing megakaryocytic differentiation of K-562 cells, which indicated the modification of protein kinase C (PKC) activity. In vitro assay showed the activation of PKC by the extract. An effective fraction of the Angelica gigas extract, of which $R_f$ value was 0.64 in a thin layer chromatography, was a different component from those of European angelicas. The $ED_50$ value of the fraction was 8, 9, and $16\;\mu\textrm{m}/ml$ against HeLa $S_3\;Hep\;G_2$, and K-562 cells, respectively, while the fraction showed higher $ED_50$ values against normal cell lines.

• Korean Journal of Pharmacognosy
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• v.27 no.3
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• pp.254-261
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• 1996

A potent immuno-stimulating activity was detected from the watersoluble and ethanol-precipitated crude extract (AG-1) of the root of Angelica gigas Nakai. The crude extract was fractionated into two fractions, an acidic AG-2 and a neutral AG-3 fraction by DEAE-cellulose adsorption. The two fractions contained polysaccharides of which M.W. were 10 Kdal and >2,000 Kdal respectively, proteins, and various inorganic components. The immunostimulating activities of two fractions were not reduced by proteinase K, acid or alkali treatment. The polysaccharides obtained from the root of A. gigas were mainly composed of arabinose, galactose, and galacturonic acid. These results indicated that immuno- stimulating components of the root of A. gigas was a kind of pectic polysaccharides or arabinogalactans.

• The Korea Journal of Herbology
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• v.33 no.1
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• pp.85-91
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• 2018

Objectives : This study was carried out to evaluate the quality of different drying methods and different roots(primary root and lateral root) of Angelica gigas Nakai. Methods : The experimental method was performed according to the Korea Pharmacopoea Eleventh edition (KP11). Loss on drying, ash, acid insoluble ash, ethanol extract, nodakenin and total decursin contents were tested to evaluate the quality of root tissue of Angelica gigas Nakai. In addition, the treatment of different root parts were prepared in two groups of washing dry process and natural dry process. Results : In comparison of dry processing methods, total contents of nodakenin and total decursin in the primary root and lateral root through washing dry process were ranged from 3.55 to 4.09% and from 5.18 to 6.13%, respectively. And also, those of roots from the natural dry process were from 4.36 to 6.22% and from 6.28 to 8.34%, respectively. In the washing dry process and natural dry process methods, 47.9% and 22.3% higher amount of nodakenin and total decursin were measured in lateral root compared to primary root. In common, lateral roots accumulated higher contents of nodakenin and total decursin compared to primary roots, and samples drying processed with natural dry process compared to washing dry process method contained higher amount of compounds. Conclusions : We sincerely hope that this study will be contributed to the standardization and quality control of Angelica Gigas Root.

• YAKHAK HOEJI
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• v.46 no.3
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• pp.161-167
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• 2002

Angelicae gigantis radix is the root of the perennial plant, which belongs to the family Umbelliferae. However, this herbal drug is represented quite different chemical components according to its different genus name, though other herbal drugs (i.e. Leonuri Herba, Xanthii Fructus and so on) show similar constituents on the same name. The root of Angelica gigas containing the coumarin compounds is commonly used in Korea, while Angelica sinensis and Angelica acutiloba including phthalide compounds are used in China and Japan, respectively as Angelicae gigantis radix. In this paper, a nearinfrared spectroscopic method was developed to determine genus name of Angelica spp., especially A. gigas and A. sinensis which are commonly misused in herbal markets. X-ray fluorescence spectrometry and electronic nose have been also applied as nondestructive methods to discriminate A. gigas from A. sinensis according to their specific properties.

• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.247-250
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• 2007

This study was performed to investigate the discrimination of Angelica gigas, Angelica acutiloba and Angelica sinensis on the treatment of chromaticity and colorfastness. Angelica gigantis root has been used as a Korean traditional medicine for the treatment of woman disease. Natural dyes give us many great benefits, including diversified color, but no pollution. These studies were carried out acetate iron, dichloride copper and alum with a mordant to ramie fabric. The ramie fabric was dyed with Angelica gigas, Angelica acutiloba and Angelica sinensis. The results of experiment showed as follows: In discrimination by dyeing, the colors of Angelica acutiloba and Angelica sinensis were very similar, but that of Angelica gigas was different. There were no differences among colors of materials using non-mordant. But dyeing with iron acetate and copper dichloride were showed dark in Angelica gigas than other angelica species.

• YAKHAK HOEJI
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.21-24
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• 1962

A report is given of microscopic study of the root Angelica gigas Nakai comparing with Ligusticum acutilobum S. et Z.(=Angelica acutiloba Kitagawa). The following characteristics are outstanding. 1. Angelica gigas Nakai is more tender and softer than Ligusticum acutilobum S. et Z. 2. Both Angelica gigas Nakai and Ligusticum acutilobum S. et Z. are alike in the form and arrangement of fundamental parenchyma in cortex and xylem. 3. No mechanical tissues are present but the substitute fibers in the Angelica gigas Nakai and Ligusticum acutilobum S. et Z. 4. The intercellular space are more numerous and larger in Angelica gigas Nakai than in Ligusticum acutilobum S. et Z. 5. Secretory tissue in Angelica gigas Nakai consists of numerous canals while in Ligusticum acutilobum S. et Z. very few.

• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.278-282
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• 2004

We investigated antimicrobial activity of methanol extract from Angelica gigas and A. acutiloba against three gram-positive bacteria(Bacilius cereus, B. subtilis, and Staphylococcus aureus), two gram-negative bacteria (Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas fluorescens), and one yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae). The antimicrobial activity was shown in only ethyl acetate fraction of shoot and root extracts from A. gigas. The activity of the fraction of shoot extract was remarkably potent against S. aureus. The ethyl acetate fraction of root extract showed great antimicrobial activity against B. subtilis and E. coli. The n-hexane fraction of shoot extract and the water fraction of root extract from A. acutiloba were not showed antimicrobial activity, in contrast, the ether fraction of shoot and root extracts showed great antimicrobial activity. S. cerevisiae was not inhibited by any fractions and species.